Cyst in a newborn

A cyst in a newborn is a pathology that many parents face. Cyst is a cavity with walls, inside of which there is liquid. Let's consider the features of cysts in newborns, types of tumors, methods of diagnosis and treatment.

The cyst in a newborn is a pathological disease that is quite common in infants. As a rule, it dissolves before the birth of the baby or the first year of life. The appearance of it can be associated with circulatory problems or oxygen starvation of the brain. Detect the tumor in the baby can be due to ultrasound. All newborns are diagnosed with ultrasound in the first months of life.

Many types of neoplasms do not have a negative impact on baby's development and brain activity. But if the ultrasound revealed a tumor, then the baby can be tormented by headaches, vision problems and other symptoms of a neurological nature. For treatment, you need to contact a neurologist. The doctor will conduct a full-fledged examination and diagnosis, which will allow to make a decision regarding treatment. But regardless of the type of treatment, the newborn every month must be driven by ultrasound. This is necessary in order to control the tendency of tumor reduction.

[1], [2], [3], [4], [5]

Causes

Causes of cysts in newborns are associated with the mechanism and process of its formation. There are several types of tumors that occur in newborns. Let's look at the types of tumors and the reasons for their appearance.

• Vascular plexus cyst - the tumor appears due to infection with the herpes virus. Treatment involves surgical surgery, as a rule.
• Subendymal cyst - Appears due to oxygen starvation, which causes the death of brain tissue, in the place of which the cyst is formed. Independently, the tumor does not pass and without surgical treatment can cause problems in the development of the child.
• Arachnoid cyst is a tumor that can occur in any part of the brain of a newborn. It is treated with the help of surgical intervention (endoscopic surgery, trepanation of the skull, shunting operation). Without the removal of the tumor, the child is expected to develop pathologies.
• Traumatic cyst - is formed due to trauma in the period of the birth process. As a rule, a traumatic cyst contributes to the development of brain tumors, neoplasms of the hands and chest in newborns.

[6], [7], [8], [9]

Symptoms

Symptoms of cysts in newborns depend on the type of tumor, its location, magnitude and complications (malignant, inflammatory processes, suppuration). As a rule, if the tumor is small, it does not manifest itself. Let's look at a few symptoms that may suggest that a newborn has a cyst at an early stage of development.

• Disrupted coordination of movements and delayed reactions.
• Loss of sensitivity in the extremities (temporarily takes away the handle or leg).
• Vision disorders.
• Sharp headaches.
• Sleep disturbance.

Cyst in the head of a newborn

A cyst in the head of a newborn is a kind of capsule that is filled with fluid. In surgical treatment, there is a high probability that it will not develop into a malignant formation and a cancerous tumor. A tumor can occur in any part of the baby's head. The most common types of tumors are:

• Arachnoid - located between the brain gaps.
• Intracerebral - occurs in areas of deceased brain tissue.
• Congenital - is formed due to the violation of intrauterine development and the death of the brain area in asphyxia and other pathologies.
• Acquired - may appear due to a bruise or stroke during childbirth, as well as at the site of bleeding or inflammation.

The main symptoms of a cyst in the head of a newborn:

• Neurological symptoms (headaches, sleep disturbance, impaired coordination of movements, limb tremor).
• Hypertonus or hypotonic group of muscles or one muscle.
• Problems with sight and hearing.
• Swelling of the fontanel.
• Severe vomiting and regurgitation.

Treatment of a cyst in the head in a newborn depends on the symptomatology of the disease. Thus, with minimal symptoms, medication is used. With bright symptoms, surgical treatment is performed with the help of an operation that allows the tumor and its membranes to be removed. As a rule, all newborns have a positive prognosis for cyst treatment.

[10], [11], [12]

Cyst of the brain in newborns

The cyst of the brain in newborns is a fluid-filled bladder. In the brain of a newborn can appear as one, and several neoplasms. As a rule, the cyst of the brain is diagnosed before the child is born. Almost in 90% of cases of appearance of the tumor, it disappears independently before birth or in the first year of life of the baby. Much worse if the tumor has arisen after birth. Since this indicates that during pregnancy or childbirth the baby was infected.

Neoplasm must necessarily be treated, since the likelihood that it will disappear on its own does not always work. But the risks to which parents go, refusing to cure a cyst from a newborn, can have deplorable consequences. Especially dangerous are large tumors. Since they can change their position, squeezing the surrounding tissues, that is, exerting a mechanical effect on the brain. Because of this, the baby has convulsive seizures, which gradually progress and slow development. In some cases, neoplasm of the brain leads to hemorrhagic stroke. Timely appeal for medical help, diagnosis and treatment is the guarantee of a positive outcome of the disease.

[13], [14], [15], [16], [17]

Vascular plexus cyst

The cyst of the vascular plexus in the newborn is a pathological formation that appears even during the period of the child's bearing. Vascular plexus is the first structure in the brain, which is visible in the sixth week of the development of the baby. There are no nerve endings in the vascular plexus, but, despite this, it plays one of the most important roles in the development of the child.

Sometimes, the cyst of the vascular plexus can be determined with the help of an ultrasound scan for another 17-20 weeks of pregnancy. But do not worry, because these formations do not affect the development of the baby. Most neoplasms are resolved by the 25-38 week of pregnancy. This is associated with the active development of the child's brain. If the cyst of the vascular plexus in a newborn has appeared after birth, it indicates that the fetus was infected (due to complications during pregnancy or childbirth). Often the cause of the tumor is the herpes virus.

Subependymal cyst

Subependymal cyst in a newborn is a serious pathology. It is formed due to oxygen starvation or hemorrhage in the area of the ventricles of the brain. In most cases, subependimal cysts dissolve independently, but in spite of this, a special course of treatment and a control ultrasound of the brain are necessary for the child.

This type of tumor may not increase in size and does not affect the vital activity and development of the baby. But there are cases when due to the subependimal cyst there is a displacement of the brain tissue, which leads to an exacerbation of neurological symptoms. In this case, immediate surgical treatment is required.

Choroidal cyst

The choroidal cyst in a newborn is a disease of the choroid plexus of the brain. It may appear due to infection in the body or injury, obtained during pregnancy or childbirth. This type of tumor is subject to mandatory removal, since the probability that it will resolve itself is 45%.

The choroidal cyst in a newborn has a certain symptomatology. The baby has convulsive reactions and twitchings, the child is always drowsy or restless. Development and formation of the baby is slow, and coordination of movements is broken. Diagnosis of the tumor can be through ultrasound, as the fontanel of the baby has not yet closed. The treatment is performed both surgically and medically.

[18], [19]

Arachnoid cyst

The arachnoid cyst in a newborn is a rare anomaly of the brain, which occurs only in 3% of newborns. It is located between the surface of the brain and the arachnoid membrane. That is, the membrane of the neoplasm is in contact with the hard shell of the brain, and with the soft membrane - the inner membrane.

There are two types of arachnoid cysts. Primary are congenital formations, and secondary ones appear because of the inflammatory process or surgical intervention (when another type of tumor is removed). The primary arachnoid cyst can be diagnosed in late pregnancy or during the first hours of a baby's life. Most often, such tumors appear in newborn boys, but not in girls. Arachnoid cyst in a newborn is accompanied by such symptoms as: headaches, nausea and vomiting, convulsions, mental disorders, hallucinations. She has a positive prognosis and with proper treatment will not affect the development of the baby.

[20], [21], [22], [23], [24]

Periventricular cyst

A periventricular cyst in a newborn is a white matter damage to the brain. It is the cause of paralysis in infants. The periventricular cyst manifests itself through the formation of necrotic foci in the periventicular regions of the white matter. A tumor is a kind of hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy.

The treatment is very complicated and involves both medication therapy and surgery. Such tumors rarely resolve themselves. The cause of the appearance may be anomalies in fetal development, infectious diseases, pathological processes and complications during pregnancy.

Subependymal cyst

The subendymal cyst in a newborn child is the formation in the brain of a baby that has a pathological development. There are several reasons for the appearance of the tumor. First of all, these are problems with blood circulation and its lack in the ventricles of the brain. This causes the death of brain tissue, in the place of which a cavity is formed. After a while, the neoplasm fills the cavity, which is a neoplasm.

As for the symptoms, it may not manifest itself and not affect the development and formation of the baby. But if the tumor prevents a child from developing and causes a number of neurological pathologies, then treatment is required. Treatment involves surgical intervention, drug therapy and observation in a neurologist and neurologist.

Ovarian cyst

The ovarian cyst in the newborn is quite common. It is a functional tumor that does not belong to malignant tumor-like diseases and is able to dissolve independently without surgery. Often, when carrying out an ultrasound study associated with diseases of the intestine. But to accurately determine the ovarian cyst on ultrasound is very difficult.

In newborns, malignant ovarian tumors are extremely rare. But if the tumor is transformed into a malignant tumor, it develops very quickly and has aggressive growth. Treatment of cysts is medication.

Seedal cord cyst

The cyst of the spermatic cord in the newborn is the accumulation of fluid in the unextended vaginal process in the peritoneum, that is, in the membranes of the spermatic cord. In its functionality, it is similar to a dropsy testicle. Treatment is similar to treatment of dropsy.

Even during pregnancy, the testicle descends through the inguinal canal into the scrotum. Together with the testicle, the peritoneum also descends into the scrotum, which forms the inner shell of the testicle. This process is absorbed even before the birth of the child. If he did not resolve, then during the diagnosis he may be confused with inguinal hernia. Since both the hernia and the tumor have a similar symptomatology. First of all, it is a small swelling in the inguinal region and an increase in the scrotum. When such symptoms appear, parents should contact a pediatric urologist-andrologist or surgeon. Treatment provides for a surgical operation and supervision in the urologist-andrologist.

Egg cyst

Cysts of the testicle in a newborn is a benign tumor that looks like a tumor with a fluid in the epididymis. The tumor has a smooth, well-defined soft structure. The testiculus can be differentiated with such diseases as: dropsy, hernia, varicocele.

In order to obtain an accurate diagnosis, it is necessary to carry out the diagnosis by ultrasound, general examination and anamnesis. As to the sizes, it does not exceed 1-2 centimeters and delivers to the kid discomfort. Treatment is carried out by surgical intervention. But in newborns, the operation is performed after a year of observation, as there is a possibility that the tumor will disappear on its own.

[25], [26]

Kist on the kidney

A kidney cyst in a newborn does not affect kidney function and may not manifest itself for a long time. It can be determined by ultrasound examination of the kidneys. Ultrasound can accurately diagnose the structure of the tumor and the peculiarities of the blood supply to the tumor.

Newborns have several types of kidney cysts. There are unilateral neoplasms that arise because of concomitant diseases of the kidneys. And the presence of a cortical cyst of one kidney may indicate that there is a tumor on the second kidney. In addition to ultrasound, newborns are duplex scanning, which can also diagnose malignant tumors. Treatment is carried out by methods of drug treatment, but there are cases when new growths dissolve on their own in the first year of the baby's life.

Spleen cyst

The spleen cyst of a newborn is a cavity that is filled with fluid. It is not recommended to remove it, as there is a great chance of losing an organ. The spleen plays a key role in the immune system, so treatment is medicated, that is, the use of special medications.

The causes of the appearance of a spleen cyst in a newborn can be congenital, usually as a result of embryogenesis disorders. In some cases, developing false tumors, which eventually dissolve and do not require treatment.

Cyst in tongue

The cyst in the language of the newborn is associated with abnormalities in the development of the thyroid-tongue duct. A cyst in the tongue is very common. The clinical picture depends entirely on the size of the tumor. So, if the neoplasm is large and lies in front, which interferes with the intake of food, then it must be removed.

As a rule, the cyst on the tongue of the newborn resolves in the first months of the baby's life. But if this did not happen, then the treatment method is chosen depending on the localization of the tumor. For the treatment of cysts in newborns use medicamentous treatment, and in the treatment of children of primary school age - methods of surgical intervention, that is, dissection.

[27], [28], [29], [30], [31], [32], [33], [34]

Cyst in the newborn in the mouth

A cyst in a newborn in the mouth is a genetic pathology that can be associated with various infections in the body. There are several types of mucous neoplasms that arise in the oral cavity. These include neoplasms of the tongue, gingival and palatine cysts. Each of them has its own histogenesis.

To determine the cause and decide whether to treat it, you need to visit the dentist. The dentist uses various methods of diagnosis, for example, ultrasound examination of the oral cavity and an X-ray, which allows to determine the localization of the disease. With regard to treatment, then 90% of newborn cysts resolve during the first year of life. Medication is used in case of emergency. But the surgical removal only after six months - a year after the birth of the baby.

[35], [36], [37], [38]

Palatine cyst

The palatal cyst of a newborn or pearl of Epstein is a normal phenomenon that accompanies all babies in the first weeks of life. They disappear on their own during the first month of life of the baby.

Palatine cysts are formed from epithelial inclusions, which are located along the lines of fusion of palatine plates. They look like white or yellowish tubercles, located along the palatine seam. If you perform a histological examination, you can determine that the tumors contain keratin. The neonatal cyst of a newborn does not require treatment.

Gingival cysts

The gingival cysts of newborns are formed from the dental plate (ectodermal ligament). The tooth plate is the basis for the formation of dairy and permanent teeth. Remains of the plate cause small gingival tumors. If the neoplasm appears on the gum, it is called a node of Bona, if the neoplasm develops on the appendage of the alveolar crest, then it is called the gum.

The cyst looks like a small ball of white or yellowish color. Neoplasm is absolutely painless and does not cause discomfort and inconvenience to the baby. To treat such a tumor is not necessary, as it dissolves independently in the first weeks of life and baby or disappears when the milk teeth appear.

Diagnostics

Diagnosis of neonatal cysts depends on the localization of the disease. Let's look at the diagnostic methods, and in which cases they are used.

• Diagnosis of the cyst of the brain - ultrasound examination of the brain (has a high efficiency, as the fontanel of the newborn is open). High accuracy is also shown in computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). With neoplasm of the head, diagnostics is used by measuring the pressure of the fundus and Doppler study of cerebral vessels.
• Cysts of the ovaries, testes, spermatic cord - ultrasound, computed tomography and puncture.
• Cyst of the kidneys, spleen - diagnosis by palpation, ultrasound and methods of computed tomography.
• Cysts of the mouth (in the language, palatine, gingival) - X-ray, visual examination, if necessary, ultrasound.

[39], [40], [41], [42], [43]

Treatment

Treatment of cysts in newborns depends entirely on the stage of formation, that is, the development of the tumor, from its location and possible complications. Treatment of neoplasm is carried out after the diagnosis of the disease. As a rule, newborns do not need treatment, since all neoplasms, that is, neoplasms dissolve in the first year of life of the baby.

But if the tumor becomes a cause of discomfort, causes anxiety, pain and other symptoms, then it is treated. Treatment is carried out by the method of surgical intervention (rarely) or by medical therapy. Treatment of cysts in newborns should be gentle for the body, but effective.

Forecast

As a rule, the prognosis of cysts in newborns is positive. Since, many types of tumors dissolve in the first year of life of the baby and do not bother the child anymore. If treatment requires a cyst of the brain, which is accompanied by negative neurologic symptoms, then the prognosis depends on the chosen method of treatment.

Do not forget that the body of the newborn and the immune system are weakened, so the treatment of the neoplasm is a complex process that requires professionalism, high qualification and considerable experience from doctors. Exact prognosis of cysts in newborns can be obtained after conducting diagnostic methods that allow you to determine the complexity of the lesion, and whether it poses a threat to the life and health of the baby.

A cyst in a newborn is a benign formation, which, as a rule, disappears during the first year of a baby's life. Any cystic education in a newborn requires diagnosis and medical supervision. This will allow to appoint the right treatment, which will be effective and will not harm the child.

[44], [45],