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Chronic atrophic pharyngitis
Last reviewed: 23.04.2024
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Chronic atrophic pharyngitis is the last stage of chronic pharyngitis, resulting in progressive sclerosis of all organs of the mucosa, submucosal layer, glandular and lymphoid apparatus.
The secret becomes more and more viscous and difficult to separate, drying out into dense crusts, causing the patient considerable anxiety. Cortex formed in the nasopharynx, cause the patient a variety of paresthesia, unpleasant sensations of a foreign body. Sometimes these crusts, by considerable effort on the part of the patient, are distinguished by large fragments or even molds of the surface of the nasopharynx cavity.
[Symptoms of chronic atrophic pharyngitis
The mucous membrane of the posterior pharynx wall becomes pale, dry, shiny (lacquered), thin crimped blood vessels appear through it, the lymphoid granules are atrophic, their strom is formed by a highly hypertrophic scar connective tissue. Pharyngeal reflexes, pronounced at the initial stages of chronic pharyngitis, gradually decrease and disappear completely in the stage of atrophy. This also indicates that the nerve endings, and not only the sensitive nerves, but also the trophic (vegetative) ones, also undergo an atrophic process. It is the latter that brings a disappointing trait under the hope of achieving a reparative effect in the treatment of the last stage of chronic atrophic pharyngitis.
Considering chronic atrophic pharyngitis as the final stage of all previous forms of chronic pharyngitis, therefore, as a result of a banal inflammatory process in which the chronic pathological processes in the nasal part of the pharynx play a decisive role, one should not forget about the so-called essential or genomic atrophic pharyngitis, as the primary constitutional a disease that enters as a syndrome in a systemic dystrophic gastrointestinal disease characterized by hypotrophy of all structures of this tract ( glandular, vegetative-trophic, vascular, lymphadenoid and motor systems), which reduces their functional level of physiological dispensations. These dysfunctions include hypo- and anacid gastritis, hypotension of the intestine, various functional disorders of the hepatolenal system, etc. As a rule, with the listed dystrophic disorders, which are probably predisposition to them, congenital or acquired as a result of certain external causes, at the same time there is a syndrome of primary atrophic pharyngitis, the clinical manifestations of which occur in the absence of any infectious origin. Along with the dysgenesis of the stomach and intestine, there are also functional disorders of the pharyngeal esophageal complex. A qualified ENT specialist, having determined atrophic pharyngitis in a patient, will always inquire about the state of his gastrointestinal tract and in many cases the patient will refer to his or her particular diseases in this area. It happens that effective treatment of the gastroenterological system leads to an improvement in the state of the pharynx even without any local treatment. It should also be noted that in chronic colitis, on the contrary, chronic catarrhal pharyngitis is observed, whose treatment should be closely related to the treatment of the underlying disease.
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Treatment of chronic atrophic pharyngitis
Treatment for atrophic pharyngitis is a long process, the success of which depends on the degree of mucosal atrophy that caused its causes, and the general condition of the body. Influencing the mucous membrane with one or another medicinal substance or physiotherapeutic method, first of all, it is necessary to at least approximately estimate the blood picture, the functional state of the digestive and urinary system, the endocrine organs, the patient's living and working conditions.
Treatment of chronic atrophic pharyngitis is divided into local and general. Local medication influence to increase the activity of the glandular apparatus of the mucous membrane of the pharynx to increase the secretion of mucus, reduce its viscosity, increase in it the number of biologically active substances that promote the activation of reparative processes. For this purpose, most of the drugs recommended above for the treatment of pharyngeal glands are applicable, however, in order to achieve their pharmacological action, open access to the mucous membrane of the pharynx is necessary, because of the presence of viscous, drying cortical precipitates, therefore, before each use of the active drug substance (eucalyptus oil, carotoline , oils of sea buckthorn and dogrose, solkoseryla-gel, extract of propolis, honey rinses, etc.) it is necessary to clear the pharynx from crusts and mucus by irrigation with its proteol solutions cally enzymes using alkaline rinses, mechanical removal cotton-gauze impregnated peach, liquid paraffin or any vegetable oil. After that, a session of activating physiotherapy (UHF, weak UV, laser exposure) is conducted to cause a rush of blood to the atrophy mucosa and then applying an active healing agent to it.
Treatment of atrophic pharyngitis by alternative methods
Honey, like propolis, contains many biologically active substances, therefore some authors recommend so-called honey rinses, prepared ex tempore every morning: 2 teaspoons per 150 ml of warm boiled water for 2 rinses a day. It is recommended to prepare also ex tempore a protein chattle from a hen's egg protein: the protein is separated from the yolk, add to it 1 ml of rosehip oil or 3 ml of carotoline, or 0.5 ml of sea-buckthorn oil and whisk until liquid; this mixture envelops the mucous membrane of the pharynx by lubricating it or by gulping it in small sips. It is advisable to perform the procedure in the morning after a thorough rinsing of the pharynx with a warm alkaline solution.
Persons with atrophic pharyngitis are subject to periodic treatment in conditions of specialized sanatoria for patients with nonspecific diseases of the upper respiratory tract.
How to prevent chronic atrophic pharyngitis?
Prevention of atrophic pharyngitis consists in the timely sanitation of the upper respiratory tract, the treatment of previous forms of chronic pharyngitis, the exclusion of domestic and industrial hazards.