Bazen's light pox: causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment

Bazin's light pox was first described by the French dermatologist Bazin in 1862.

Causes and pathogenesis of Bazin's light pox. The disease is based on a special sensitivity to sunlight, but its mechanism is still unknown. According to some authors, light pox is transmitted in a recessive form by inheritance and occurs in a family in 15% of cases, other authors believe that the hereditary and familial nature of this disease has not been proven.

In patients with Bazin's light pox, the porphyrin metabolism is not disturbed and is manifested only by an erythematous-vesicular rash. However, in some patients, the porphyrin metabolism is disturbed and its clinical manifestation is similar to erythropoietic porphyria, late and classified porphyrias.

Symptoms of Bazin's light pox. The disease begins in 2-5 year old boys after severe intoxication. Before the rash appears, general prodromal signs are observed (decreased or lack of appetite, vomiting, nausea, chills, itching, anxiety, etc.). One day after the prodromal signs appear, erythematous spots the size of barley, spherical blisters containing serous fluid, which then becomes cloudy, appear on exposed areas (nose, cheeks, ears, outer part of the arms). In the central part of the blister, there is a depression and a scooping necrotic crust, as in smallpox. This crust is rejected after 2-3 weeks and a taut whitish scar appears in its place.

This scar is very similar to the scar left after smallpox. The blisters are located separately, but they can fly tightly to each other and tend to merge. In severe cases of the disease, the mouth, eyes (conjunctivitis, keratitis, blepharospasm, lacrimation, photophobia) and mucous membranes of the nose are affected. Sometimes, mild hydroa aestivalis Hutchinson or non-scarring form occurs in adolescents.

The disease progresses in the spring and summer months, the rash decreases in the fall and disappears completely in the winter.

Histopathology: Numerous blisters are observed in the epidermis, and vascular thrombosis, necrosis, and cicatricial tissue atrophy are observed under the papillary dermis.

Differential diagnosis: The disease should be distinguished from chickenpox, porphyria cutanea tarda, erythropoietic porphyria and necrotic acne.

Treatment of Bazin's light pox is the same as for other photodermatoses. Antihistamines, hyposensitizing, antipyretic agents, vitamin therapy and corticosteroid ointments are recommended. Disease prevention is no different from preventive measures for other photodermatoses.

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