Acute conjunctivitis in children

Acute catarrhal conjunctivitis

Clinical characteristics

1. Conjunctival injection.
2. Lachrymation.
3. Detachable.

Microflora

1. H. Influenzae.
2. Strep, pneumoniae.
3. Z. Moraxella (conjunctivitis of the outer corner of the eye).
4. Neisseria spp.
5. Chlamydia in older children and adolescents.

[1], [2], [3], [4], [5], [6], [7]

Acute follicular conjunctivitis

Epidemic keratoconjunctivitis (ECC)

Epidemic keratoconjunctivitis is a highly contagious disease characterized by reddening of the eyeball, lacrimation and frequent combination with keratitis. Concomitant keratitis, as a rule, is characterized by an easy clinical course (gentle epithelial and subepithelial opacification at the periphery of the cornea). Multiple follicles appear in the conjunctival arches. Sometimes the disease is accompanied by an increase in temperature. The main causative agent of the process is adenovirus. Treatment does not always bring the desired effect, but the appointment of solutions of steroid drugs helps to alleviate the symptoms. Patients require close monitoring. To prevent the development of a secondary bacterial infection, antibiotics are prescribed.

Pharyngoconjunctival fever

Pharyngoconjunctival fever is one of the forms of infectious conjunctivitis, usually of adenovirus origin, accompanied by fever, pharyngitis and lymphadenitis.

Keratoconjunctivitis due to herpes simplex virus

This form of conjunctivitis usually occurs in older children, but sometimes occurs in newborns and young children.

Symptoms of the disease include redness of the eyes, lacrimation, discharge, itching, capillary injection, vesicular rashes on the eyelids and lymphadenitis of the pre-limph lymph nodes. Involvement in the inflammatory process of the cornea manifests itself in various forms of keratitis - epithelial, dendritic, discoidal and stromal.

Treatment consists in prescribing ointment of ido-xuridin and acyclovir. It is desirable to study the state of the immune system.

[8], [9], [10], [11]

Hemorrhagic conjunctivitis

The disease is manifested by multiple hemorrhages under the conjunctiva, sensation of "sand" in the eyes, reddening of the eyeball, lacrimation. The most common pathogens are Picornavirus and the Coxsackie virus . The duration of the process usually does not exceed several days. Treatment is not required.

Acute conjunctivitis in general diseases

1. Chlamydia.
2. Chickenpox.
3. Borreliosis Lyme (Lyme).
4. Flu.
5. The Epstein-Barr virus.
6. Parinoud syndrome is an eye-glandular syndrome (conjunctivitis in combination with lymphadenitis).
7. Sweet syndrome - fever, arthritis and pseudo-vascular lesions on the skin.

[12], [13], [14],

Membranous conjunctivitis

Diagnosis of membranous conjunctivitis is made in the presence of false films on the surface of the conjunctiva. Disease occurs when:

1. Stevens-Johnson syndrome (Stevens-Johnson);
2. toxic epidermal necrolysis;
3. herpes simplex virus;
4. herpes zoster,
5. Corynebacterium diphtheriae;
6. Strep. Pyogenes;
7. Staph. Aureus;
8. Neisseria spp;
9. Shigella;
10. Salmonella;
11. E. Coli.

Children's follicle disease

Many healthy children have follicles in the arches of the conjunctiva. This condition is called folliculosis (Figure 5.12).

Acute follicular conjunctivitis of a child with multiple lesions of molluscum contagiosum

Subacute and chronic follicular conjunctivitis

1. Conjunctivitis of the outer corner of the eye caused by Moraxella.
2. Molluscum contagiosum.
3. Tuberous conjunctivitis.
4. Medication conjunctivitis: the installation of medications, especially when there are preservatives, can cause conjunctivitis.
5. Pink acne (rarely seen in young children).
6. Blepharoconjunctivitis.

Research

If necessary, scrapings are made from the conjunctiva for subsequent staining by Gram, inoculation and sensitivity determination of the isolated flora. Sowing is carried out in order to exclude the fungal and viral nature of the disease.

[15], [16]

Treatment of acute conjunctivitis in children

If bacteriological data are available, treatment with appropriate drugs is performed. In acute follicular conjunctivitis, symptomatic treatment is usually prescribed, supplemented with instillations of tobramycin or chloramphenicol to prevent secondary infection. Chlamydia, as a rule, is sensitive to tetracycline and erythromycin. With a molluscum contagiosum recommend scraping.

Catarrhal conjunctivitis

In the absence of bacteriological data, gentamicin, tobramycin or chloramphenicol are prescribed and continue treatment until laboratory test results are obtained. If the initially prescribed therapy produced a good effect, the treatment is continued even if there is inconsistency with the results of the bacteriological examination.