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Causes of changes in acid glycoprotein
Last reviewed: 23.04.2024
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Orosomucoid belongs to the proteins of the acute phase. Its synthesis is stimulated by lipopolysaccharides released from macrophages activated by interleukin-6 (IL-6). The content of orosomukoid in the blood increases with inflammatory processes (infections, rheumatic diseases, trauma, surgical interventions), tumors. The study of this indicator in dynamics allows to evaluate the dynamics of the inflammatory process, and in tumors, in case of their operative treatment, to diagnose the occurrence of relapse.
Since the concentration of orosomucoid in the blood increases with inflammatory processes, it is able to bind an increased amount of medication taken to patients, which can lead to a dissociation between the pharmacological effect and the concentration of the drug in the blood.
Reduced concentration of orosomukoid in the blood serum is possible in early childhood, during pregnancy (in early periods), severe liver damage, nephrotic syndrome, estrogen administration, oral contraceptives. With age, the concentration in the blood of albumins and especially alpha 1- glycoprotein decreases; since many drugs (such as lidocaine, propranolol, tricyclic antidepressants) are associated with these proteins after ingestion into the bloodstream, it is possible for the elderly to increase the content of their free fraction, which creates prerequisites for enhancing pharmacodynamic action and the occurrence of side effects.
The joint determination of orosomukoid and haptoglobin in serum is important for the diagnosis of hemolysis in vivo. Usually, the concentrations of these two proteins in acute phase processes increase and decrease simultaneously, an increased content of orosomukoid with a normal content of haptoglobin indicates the flow of an acute phase process with moderate hemolysis in vivo.
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