Erythrocytes

The number of red blood cells in the blood (RBC) is one of the most important indicators of the blood system. Erythrocyte - the most numerous uniform element of blood, containing hemoglobin. It is formed from the reticulocyte upon its exit from the red bone marrow, the final transformation of the reticulocyte into a mature red blood cell takes place within a few hours. The erythrocyte has the shape of a biconcave disk, which provides the maximum "surface area / volume ratio". The diameter of the mature erythrocyte is 7-8 microns (deviations in the range from 5.89 to 9.13 microns - physiological anisocytosis).

Reducing the number of red blood cells in the blood - one of the criteria for anemia. The degree of erythrocytopenia varies widely among different anemia. In iron deficiency anemia on the basis of chronic blood loss, the amount of red blood cells can be normal or reduced moderately - 3-3.6 × 10 ¹² / L. In acute blood loss, In _12- deficient anemia, hypoplastic anemia, hemolytic anemia after hemolytic crisis, the amount of red blood cells in the blood can decrease to 1-1.6 × 10 ¹² / l, which is considered an indication for urgent medical interventions. The number of erythrocytes, in addition to anemia, decreases with an increase in the volume of circulating blood - pregnancy, hyperproteinemia, hyperhydration.

An increase in the number of erythrocytes in the blood-erythrocytosis (more than 6 × 10 ¹² / L in men and 5 × 10 ¹² / L in women-is one of the characteristic laboratory signs of erythremia.) Erythrocytosis can be absolute (increase in the mass of circulating erythrocytes, due to increased erythropoiesis) and relative (due to a decrease in the volume of circulating blood).

[1], [2], [3], [4], [5], [6], [7], [8], [9], [10]