The Frauleys Syndrome

The Frauleys syndrome refers to this type of pathology of the development of blood vessels, which ensure the vital activity and normal functioning of the kidneys, which are considered congenital, since they arise in the prenatal period. The syndrome itself is not a disease in the full sense of the word, but its symptomatology indicates the development of concomitant diseases associated with impaired functioning of one or both kidneys.

Epidemiology

The Frauleys syndrome was described back in 1966 by an American urologist, after whom the above syndrome was named. The localization of the Frauleys syndrome can be either left-sided or right-sided. Most pathological process covers only one of the kidneys, which are a pair organ. But there are cases when both kidneys are affected, which is accompanied by the expansion of both renal pelvis due to impaired ureteral patency.

It has been scientifically proven that congenital anomalies in the development of kidneys and kidney vessels are the most common types of pathologies of the urinary system (about 35-40%). Most often they are detected already in the first months of the child's life, but sometimes the absence of obvious symptoms makes diagnosis difficult, and pathology is found after several years already against the background of the development of concomitant diseases.

[1], [2], [3], [4], [5], [6], [7], [8]

Risk factors

The Frauleys syndrome is a congenital pathology of the location of the kidney vessels (renal arteries). Since the process starts back in the embryonic period, it is not possible to pinpoint its causes, as it is with other congenital kidney pathologies.

We can only talk about the risk factors that provoked the wrong formation or arrest in the development of the kidneys and the related anomalies of the location of the vessels responsible for the blood supply to the organ.

Such factors include:

• heredity (pathologies associated with the structure of the renal vascular system, transmitted from generation to generation),
• various genetic abnormalities (chromosomal syndromes: disorders in the genetic apparatus of cells, mutation of genes),
• adverse factors affecting the fetus during pregnancy and adversely affecting its development (development of individual organs and body systems):

• acute and chronic diseases in the mother,
• taking medications during child bearing (especially angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, which help reduce blood pressure by relaxing the vessels, at the stage of formation of the fetal urinary system);
• bad habits: addiction to alcohol, drug use, smoking,
• the effect of certain environmental and physical factors on the pregnant woman and the development of the fetus: high temperature, prolonged exposure to environmentally unfavorable conditions, harmful working conditions, exposure to ionizing radiation, etc.

But whatever the causes of the Frauleys syndrome, their elimination (if that is possible!) Will not change anything, only the surgical intervention can help the patient to get rid of the painful symptoms and prevent the development of concomitant pathologies.

[9], [10], [11], [12], [13], [14], [15], [16], [17], [18], [19], [20]

Pathogenesis

The Frauleys syndrome develops when a pathological location of the renal artery branches is observed, manifested in the crossing of the anterior and posterior branches. Segmental vessels that extend from the anterior and posterior branches of the main renal artery are arranged in such a way that their intersection can compress the renal pelvis (the place of accumulation of secondary urine that then enters the ureter) in different places (at the top or at the point of confluence with the ureter ).

But whatever the pressure, it disrupts the normal functioning of the kidneys. Compression of the renal pelvis leads to the fact that the outflow of urine becomes difficult, and the kidney cups are overfilled with urine. And this in the future can provoke the development of various kidney diseases on the basis of stagnation of urine inside the organ.

[21], [22], [23], [24], [25], [26], [27], [28], [29], [30],

Symptoms of the syndrome

The symptomatology of the Frauleys syndrome is associated not so much with the arterial crosshair itself, but rather with the negative consequences that the crossing of blood vessels causes and the transmutation of the upper part of the kidney by them. Those. The emerging symptoms indicate the development of certain pathologies of the kidneys.

Symptoms of the Frauleys syndrome can appear separately or in a complex. The first signs of the syndrome is the appearance of low back pain from one of the kidneys. If the kidneys are broken on both sides, the pain can cover the entire lumbar region.

A frequent manifestation of the syndrome is the appearance of acute pain in the kidney ( kidney colic ), which is associated with the process of stone formation in the organ that was triggered by stagnation of urine. But urine contains about 5% of solids, of which sand or stones are formed.

The syndrome of the mastoid can also be manifested by the appearance of blood in the urine in quantities exceeding the norm ( hematuria ). And it can be as a macrogematuria (visible reddening of the urine due to the presence of blood particles in it), and microhematuria (the blood is detected only as a result of the urine under the microscope).

Very often, the Frauleys syndrome, like many other kidney diseases, is accompanied by a moderate increase in pressure (renal hypertension), due to impaired renal excretory function, which is designed to filter blood and remove excess fluid. Usually, the increase in blood pressure is observed against the background of a decrease in the released volume of urine.

Complications and consequences

The Freilie syndrome is not a pathology that is dangerous for the patient's life. In principle, even all those unpleasant symptoms that accompany this syndrome are not related to the cross-section of the segmental arteries of the kidneys. They are caused by the consequences of this arrangement of blood vessels, which can remind of themselves both in the first months of a baby's life, and after a while.

Arterial hypertension in children very often develops precisely against the backdrop of various kidney diseases, including abnormalities of the vascular arrangement, which cause disturbances in the work of this important organ. At the same time, fatigue, irritability, impaired attention and memory are observed, which results in low achievement of the child in school and a restriction in working life in adulthood.

But most often, only by increasing the pressure, the Frauleys syndrome is not limited. The most common complication arising from stagnation of urine in the renal pelvis is urolithiasis, or even kidney stones (nephrolithiasis), when sand and stones are formed not in the bladder but in the kidneys themselves. Not only can nephrolithiasis proceed with a pronounced painful symptomatology, it can have its own unpleasant consequences.

For example, if the kidney stone disease is accompanied by frequent and prolonged attacks of nausea and vomiting, which lead to a significant loss of fluid, it can lead to dehydration of the body. This affects not only the kidneys, but also other organs and systems of man.

One of the unpleasant and even dangerous complications of nephrolithiasis is pyelonephritis. Inflammation of the mucous kidney and its infection occurs in this case due to damage by stones formed in the kidney itself. The danger of this disease is that it does not pass without a trace, most often the symptoms come back in time and the disease goes on into a chronic form.

Further inflammation of the kidneys provokes the development of renal insufficiency or even a complete atrophy of the organ, when the kidneys can no longer perform the functions assigned to them, which threatens to be fatal.

Kidney stones can be of different quality and magnitude. Sand and small stones can be excreted from the body by themselves along with urine, causing minor discomfort, but the formation of large hard stones is fraught with severe damage to kidney tissues, acute pain and bleeding, so they are removed by laser or ultrasound, and sometimes even by surgery .

[31], [32]

Diagnostics of the syndrome

The symptomatology of the Frauleys syndrome does not in itself indicate a certain pathology. Symptoms of the syndrome are common to many diseases, which are not always associated with kidney function. For example, back pain, increased blood pressure, the appearance of blood in the urine may be associated with diseases of other organs and body systems.

On the other hand, the appearance of symptoms of the syndrome of Freilley indicates the development of certain diseases that may be a consequence of the syndrome of crossed vessels or have a very different cause. About kidney problems, renal colic can speak, but their appearance is again connected not with the cross of the renal arteries, but with the development of kidney stone disease. The causes of nephrolithiasis can also be disorders of metabolic processes in the body, and food preferences, and gout, and hypercalcinosis, and treatment with sulfonamides and much more.

In the course of differential diagnostics, doctors need not only to detect diseases, the development of which is provoked by the incorrect position of the vessels, but also to get to the root of the cause. This is necessary not only to effectively remove the symptoms of the disease, but also to determine how violent the kidney function is, and to understand whether there is a need to resort to surgery in order to prevent further compression of the renal pelvis with blood vessels.

Collecting an anamnesis on the basis of examining the patient's medical record and his complaints can give some information when it comes to an adult person, if the pathology concerns a child, and even a breast, the doctor can get more or less objective information only from the child's parents. But to rely on this information is also not worth it, because they do not disclose the full picture of the disease.

Even the tests necessary for this symptomatology (general analysis of blood and urine, analysis for microflora, etc.) will help to reveal inflammatory processes in the body and appearance of tumors in the urine (most often in the form of sand). It is more difficult to determine exactly where the formation of stones occurs, and where the localization of the inflammatory process occurs. And even more so to find out their cause, which in the case of the Frauleys syndrome lies precisely in the squeezing of the kidney by abnormally located vessels.

It is clear that to identify vascular pathologies with external examination can not be achieved, and therefore it is necessary to resort to more informative methods of instrumental diagnostics. This can be a radiography or ultrasound of the kidneys and the urinary system as a whole.

X-ray examination of the kidneys and the entire urinary system is best done with the use of contrast medium, which is introduced into the vein of the patient (excretory urography). This method allows you to determine the functionality of the kidneys and other organs of the urinary system, to consider in detail their internal and external structure.

Excretory urography can be combined with a mixed cystography (X-ray of the urinary system, which is performed during urination).

Ultrasound is considered to be a more accurate method, which allows to determine abnormalities in the structure of the kidneys and their vessels, and to diagnose violations of urinary outflow.

To supplement the information obtained during the ultrasound, computer tomography or MRI of the kidneys can be seen, on which you can see a three-dimensional image of the organ and blood vessels that perform its blood supply.

But the most informative and accurate method of investigation for suspected syndrome of Frauleys or other vascular pathology is renal angiography, which allows in most cases to clarify the diagnosis. This method is a kind of X-ray study, also carried out using contrast agents. It is carried out with the help of special equipment in specialized X-ray angiographic rooms of medical centers.

Despite the effectiveness of renal angiography as a method of diagnosing vascular pathologies, this method is not applicable to young children, especially "babies". Doppler ultrasound (as a variant of ultrasound) of renal vessels and multispiral computed tomography (MSCT), which is one of the fastest and most accurate methods of investigation, is here to help doctors.

[33], [34], [35], [36], [37]

Treatment of the syndrome

Treatment of the Frauleys syndrome is carried out according to the results of diagnostic studies, as a result of which the concomitant diseases that have developed through the fault of the above syndrome and the degree of compression of the renal pelvis will be revealed.

If the vessels do not squeeze the pelvis too much, as a result of which the urodynamics of the upper urinary tract is not disturbed or its violation is poorly expressed, the patient may not even suspect of a congenital pathology. In this case, treatment is not required until the appearance of the first symptoms, which, incidentally, may not be felt until the end of life.

If violations of urodynamics of the kidneys are significant, you need to take measures to relieve the corresponding symptoms (increased blood pressure, pain in the lower back and kidney area), as well as to prevent the formation of kidney stones.

It is clear that the removal of symptoms of Frage syndrome and even the treatment of concomitant diseases does not solve the problem to the end. Compression of the renal pelvis will further inhibit the kidneys from performing their functions, which means that the inflammatory process with pyelonephritis will have a chronic form, the stones will continue to appear, and the pressure to remind oneself at any load and even without it.

The only effective treatment that gives a good chance of a healthy life is a surgical operation, to which the doctors resort, if the age and health of the patient allows.

Operative treatment for the syndrome of Freilley

As already mentioned, surgery in the case of the Frauleys syndrome is indicated if there is a significant compression of the renal pelvis, which disrupts urodynamics, as a result of which there is a high probability of various complications and the severity of the corresponding symptoms.

The choice of effective in each case, the method of surgical treatment is in the competence of a specialist doctor, which is based on the severity of pathology, age characteristics and physiological characteristics of the patient's body. But the goal for all these methods is one - to improve the urodynamics of the kidneys to prevent complications.

Various methods of surgical treatment of the Frauleys syndrome are classified as vascular or plastic surgeries on the upper urinary tract. These include:

• infundibuloplasty (an increase in the size of the cup-and-tubal anastomosis),
• infundibuloanastomoz (surgical movement of the vessel with subsequent fixation with anastomosis),
• infundibulopilone neostomy (movement of the vessel into the artificially created channel between the calyx and the renal pelvis),
• kalikopileoneostomy (the operation is identical to the previous one).

All these methods are technically complex enough, and fraught with various complications in the form of formation of urinary sagging, inflammation in the vascular pedicle (pedunculitis), the formation of coarse scar tissue that causes stenosis of blood vessels.

A new and least traumatic method for improving renal graft and haemodynamics in the case of the Freilley syndrome is considered to be intra-venous vasopexy, which consists in the dissociation of the urinary tract and the pathologically located vessel. This operation, unlike others, does not require the opening of the urinary tract, and therefore there are no complications related to such intervention.

The operation is less difficult to perform than the above, and the patient's recovery is much faster. At the same time, the duration of the operation itself is reduced, and therefore the effect of anesthesia on the patient's body. Many postoperative complications are excluded.

Let's just say, the need for an operation does not always arise, and not in all cases it is possible. But the appearance of the symptoms of Frauleys syndrome is an important reason to seek advice and treatment for doctors: a urologist or a nephrologist. And already the doctor will directly look for effective treatment.

Conservative treatment of the Freilley syndrome

If the operation is inexpedient or for some reason impossible, this does not mean that the situation should be neglected. You can not joke with kidneys. And the Frauleys syndrome is both increased pressure, and a high probability of development and spread of the inflammatory process and stone formation in the kidneys. It is with these symptoms that traditional medicine is called to struggle with the help of conservative methods of treatment.

Since inflammation and stones can at first do not make themselves felt, the main emphasis is on normalizing blood pressure, the indices of which are somewhat high. This is not about the usual cardiac pressure, but about the reaction that sick kidneys give, and so the drugs need appropriate.

To effective antihypertensive drugs that help to combat increased renal pressure (which, by the way, is more difficult to normalize than cardiac pressure) include the following medicines: Captopril, Enalapril, Dapril, Fozzinopril, Kaptopres, Renipril , "Enap", etc. Preparations related to the category of ACE inhibitors.

"Dapril" is an ACE inhibitor whose main active ingredient is lisinopril, which possesses diuretic, cardio, cytotoxic and vasoprotective action, and also improves microcirculation of blood in the kidneys, which allows it to effectively combat both cardiac and renal pressure. Due to lisinopril the drug has a prolonged action.

The drug is available in the form of tablets (5,10 or 20 mg), which must be taken whole, not crushing, at any time of the day. The interval between doses should be 24 hours. Drink tablets with clean water.

It is absolutely not recommended to prescribe the dosage alone. This should be done by the attending physician, based on the indices of blood pressure.

The recommended initial dose is 10 mg, which can then be increased to 20 and even 40 mg. The maximum dose of 80 mg is prescribed only in rare cases, when there is also cardiac pressure, and urodynamics of the kidneys is not significantly affected.

Depending on the severity of impaired renal function, the therapeutic dosage may vary. It depends on the creatinine clearance and ranges from 2.5 to 10 mg.

For patients who are prescribed diuretics (diuretics), as well as for those with a small body weight, the recommended dosage is half the usual dose (5 mg).

Like most ACE inhibitors, Dapril has many side effects from various organs and body systems: headache and dizziness, fast fatigue, nausea, sometimes accompanied by discomfort and abdominal pain, changes in laboratory blood counts, dry cough, rashes on the skin . Sometimes there is a strong drop in pressure and pulse, an increase in the level of potassium in the blood, a violation in the work of the kidneys.

A lot of medicines and contraindications:

• severe disorders of kidney function,
• increased blood levels of nitrogen compounds or potassium,
• the presence of constrictions (stenosis) in the renal vessels or the aortic aperture,
• physiologically determined increased production of aldosterone,
• hypersensitivity to the active substance of the drug, as well as to other ACE inhibitors.

It is inadmissible to apply the drug to patients who have undergone kidney transplantation, as well as those who have a history of angioedema.

The drug is not used to treat children, nursing mothers and pregnant women (especially in the 2nd and 3rd trimester).

"Renipril" is a drug whose main active ingredient is enalapril maleate. The drug has a pronounced antihypertensive and insignificant diuretic effect.

Take the drug in the form of tablets at any time of the day 1-2 times a day. Since there is moderate hypertension in the case of the Frauleys syndrome, the recommended dose is 10 mg per day.

Dosage with noticeable violations of kidney function is regulated by the attending physician, based on the severity of the pathology.

Side effects of the drug include: a strong drop in blood pressure, digestive disorders, headaches and dizziness, a feeling of fatigue, dry cough, allergic manifestations on the skin, liver and pancreas reactions, intestinal obstruction, arthritis. Sometimes there is an increased sensitivity to light, deterioration of eyesight and hearing, a decrease in sexual desire, even impotence.

Among the contraindications to the use it is worth noting the following:

• hypersensitivity to the components of the drug,
• hypersensitivity to sulfonamides,
• severe disorders of kidney function,
• insufficiency of liver function,
• donor kidney,
• physiologically caused aldosteronism,

Do not use the drug in pediatrics, as well as for the treatment of pregnant and lactating mothers.

If it is a question of the raised pressure at the child with a syndrome Fraule, the right of a choice of means for treatment of an arterial hypertensia belongs only to the doctor. Typically, preference is given to homeopathic or other herbal remedies with fewer side effects.

If there are pain sensations in the kidney area, 2 groups of drugs are applicable here: spasmolytics (stopping the pain by removing the spasm) and combined painkillers. The effective antispasmodics include Spasmil, Spazmalgon, Avisan, No-shpa, Papaverin, Platifillin, etc. Among the anesthetics with combined action are: Baralgin, Novigan, Spazmalin, Braalangin, Renalgan, etc., which have the ability to relieve spasms and inflammation, as well as actively participating in the relief of pain syndrome due to the inclusion of analgesic substances in their composition.

The use of antispasmodics in renal colic is due to the development of nephrolithiasis against the background of the Frauleys syndrome. Spasmolytics facilitate the passage of the stone along the urinary tract, relieving painful spasms.

Since we are talking about kidneys, which are considered to be the main filter in the body, we will stop our view on the plant preparation Avisan. The main active substance of natural antispasmodic, released in the form of tablets, is the plant Ammi visnaga L, which helps fight renal colic.

Take the drug is recommended after a meal. Multiplicity of admission is 3 to 4 times a day. A single dose of the drug ranges from 1 to 2 tablets. Take the drug for 1-3 weeks on doctor's prescription.

Side effects of the drug is very small. In general, these are allergic manifestations against the background of hypersensitivity to the components of the drug. Other side effects may appear in people with gastrointestinal pathologies. They may experience nausea and discomfort in the epigastric region.

Contraindications to the use of the drug are: hypersensitivity to the drug, children's age, as well as the presence of large stones (from 5 mm).

Spasmolytics with the effect of anesthesia are used for a severe pain syndrome associated with nephrolithiasis.

The good old Baralgin, known to many since the times of the Soviet Union, has not lost its relevance in our days. Possessing spasmolytic and analgesic effect, it effectively fights with renal colic of varying intensity.

For the treatment of the syndrome of Freyley, the drug is most commonly used in the form of tablets, which take from 1 to 2 pieces 3 times a day. Injectable administration of the drug is recommended only in severe cases.

Among the side effects of the drug are allergic manifestations. But with prolonged therapy of drugs, there may be some changes in the composition of the blood.

Contraindications to the use of the drug:

• a low level of granulocytes in the blood plasma,
• violation of the heart rate, called tachyarrhythmia,
• heart failure,
• high eye pressure, or glaucoma,
• increased prostate size,
• intolerance of some components of the drug.

But the combination drugs, which have anti-inflammatory effect, among other things, it makes sense to apply both with suspicion of kidney stones, and with the probability of pyelonephritis.

Novigan is a drug with all 3 useful actions, and many patients note its high effectiveness in removing severe pain associated with smooth muscle spasm.

The dosage of the drug is calculated based on the age of the patient. For children from 5 to 15 years, a single dose can be from ½ to 1.5 tablets, for adults - 2 tablets, which need to be taken 4 times a day.

Side effects: the occurrence of small erosions on the mucosa of the gastrointestinal tract, allergic manifestations of varying severity (ranging from rashes on the skin and ending with anaphylactic shock). With such consequences of taking the drug can be found only if it is used for a long time.

Contraindications to taking the drug are:

• acute stages of stomach and duodenum ulcers,
• the presence of erosive lesions of the gastrointestinal tract,
• a sharp decrease in pressure (collapse),
• "Aspirin" asthma,
• an obstruction of an intestine,
• hypersensitivity to the drug,
• period of pregnancy.

With caution should take the drug patients with a tendency to bleeding from the gastrointestinal tract, blood clotting disorders, hypersensitivity to various NSAIDs, heart failure, as well as severe impairment of kidney function.

To prevent the formation of kidney stones use funds that improve the outflow of urine, and vitamins. It is believed that the formation of kidney stones is a deficiency of vitamins A and D. It is these vitamins that should be taken in sufficient quantities. But with vitamin C doctors recommend being more cautious, because, on the contrary, it can provoke the development of kidney stone disease if the patient has a hereditary predisposition in this disease.

[38], [39]

Physiotherapeutic treatment

Since the symptoms of the Frauleys syndrome may imply the development of various diseases (arterial hypertension, kidney stone disease and pyelonephritis) on the cross-section of the arteries, the methods of physiotherapeutic treatment should be selected according to the available pathologies.

So for the removal of renal colic with stones in the kidneys, thermal procedures will be useful: hot sessile baths and a warm warmth on the lumbar region, which should be performed in the presence of medical personnel and provided that the patient does not develop acute inflammation of the kidneys.

To remove the pain, the methods of electropuncture and acupuncture are also useful.

With the detection of small stones in the urine, diadynamic therapy, vibration therapy, and ultrasonic waves can be performed.

The struggle with increased pressure is carried out by means of inductothermy, galvanization, magnetotherapy, ampliplotherapy (electrostimulation of the kidney area with sinusoidal modulated currents). The latter procedure has a positive effect and with developing pyelonephritis.

Alternative treatment for Freil's syndrome

I think it is clear to many that it is simply impossible to cure the intersection of the renal arteries in the region of the pelvis without surgical intervention. But to alleviate the condition of patients and prevent the development of various complications even alternative medicine can be effective.

Alternative treatment for the Frauleys syndrome reduces to normalizing blood pressure, preventing the process of stone formation, and also treating the symptoms of concomitant diseases.

So, to fight with increased renal pressure will help infusion from the seeds of the plant, which we are used to use as a popular seasoning. It's about dill. Pre-shredded seeds of the plant in an amount of 1 tsp. Pour a half cup of boiling water and insist for half an hour. Drink this infusion should be 3 times a day for half an hour before meals.

Reducing blood pressure and contribute to the fruits of viburnum, hawthorn, dogrose.

Herbal treatment in this case is reduced to taking tinctures of bear's ears (bearberry) and antihypertensive collection based on herbs of gold-bearing centenarians, tavelgia, bearberry with the addition of corn stigmas, birch leaves and wild pear, barberry root.

Get rid of renal colic will help herbs: horsetail field (decoction for the bath), mint, lemon balm and chamomile in equal quantities in the form of a decoction for drinking, yarrow, althea and chamomile in the form of an oily solution for lotions and compresses.

It helps to remove kidney stones and decoction of flaxseed (1 tsp per glass of water). Take the broth should be, diluting it with water, for ½ cup every couple of hours for two days.

With the inflammation of the kidneys developing against the background of the Frauley syndrome, herbal treatment is of particular importance. Useful will be: oats grass, corn stigmas, nettles, field horsetail, bearberry, plantain and chamomile. Yarrow, motherwort, St. John's wort, sporish, calendula and other green "friends" are suitable for the preparation of medicinal potions.

[40], [41], [42]

Homeopathy with the syndrome of Freilley

Homeopathy in the case of the syndrome of recurrent renal arteries offers its effective drugs, helping to get rid of painful symptoms.

With renal hypertension, Lachesis and Phosphorus preparations will be useful. Depending on the patient's condition, the homeopath doctor will prescribe an effective dosage and frequency of admission to take the above drugs was not only useful, but also safe. After all, a strong reduction in pressure is no less dangerous to health than its high rates.

Normalization of the mineral metabolism and improvement of the urinary function of the kidneys in the case of the Frauley syndrome is achieved by taking drops of Oxalur Edas-115 and Cantacite Edas-140, as well as granules of Cantacite Edas-940, produced by the Russian Federation. In this regard, the "Ascitget" dietary supplement of plant origin, produced in the form of capsules, also helps.

With renal colic and suspicion of pyelonephritis, it makes sense to begin therapy with a homeopathic drug "Renel" (1 tablet 3 times a day an hour after eating). With pains in the field of the kidneys of different intensity, the German preparation Berberis-Gomakord will also help. Both preparations are manufactured by the well-known German pharmaceutical company Heel.

As for the effective dosage of homeopathic remedies used in kidney diseases, then the recommendations of the layman are simply out of place. Dosage should be selected by a homoeopathic physician individually. This takes into account not only the patient's condition, the severity of the disease, the age of the patient, but also constitutional features, a combination of various symptoms, personality characteristics.

Concerning the safety of the above-described homeopathic remedies, it can be said that their administration in a dosage prescribed by a doctor does not cause health problems. Contraindications for such drugs are few. In general, this is a hypersensitivity to the components of the drug, and sometimes the child's age. Side effects and overdose with proper intake of drugs, as a rule, is not observed.

Prevention

The syndrome is a congenital pathology, the causes of which are not known for certain. That is, the prevention of the pathological condition itself, which occurs even in the embryonic period, does not go.

The only thing that a woman expecting a child can do is to help doctors identify the pathology as soon as possible in order to take the necessary measures to prevent the development of various complications of the insidious syndrome. To this end, you can try to "dig" in the pedigree and find out whether there have been cases of Frauley syndrome in the genus of the father and mother of the child. Thus, you can find out if you have a hereditary predisposition, and what is the probability of developing a syndrome in a child. If the result is positive, you should immediately tell the doctor who is watching you.

In addition, during pregnancy, it is worth taking care of one's health, carrying out preventive maintenance of infectious diseases in time, and taking examinations. Of course, we must abandon bad habits and take care to be less in places with a high level of contamination, especially radioactive.

Caution should be observed in the intake of various drugs, necessarily studying the information on their effect on the development of the fetus and the course of pregnancy.

After the child was born, with any suspicion of kidney disease in the baby, you need to turn to your pediatrician for a cut, who will prescribe the necessary tests and, if necessary, send them to a specialist doctor. A kid with a syndrome should be registered with a nephrologist who will monitor the child's condition and take all measures to ensure that the patient's condition does not deteriorate and, if necessary, prescribe surgical treatment.

The doctor will talk about various preventive measures that can prevent the appearance of kidney stones and the development of pyelonephritis, and in the case of surgical intervention, will prescribe effective means to prevent the formation of gross scars and adhesions.

[43], [44], [45], [46], [47], [48], [49], [50], [51], [52]

Forecast

The prognosis of the Frauleys syndrome depends on the degree of the kidney damage (how badly the urodynamics of the kidney is broken due to the compression of the renal pelvis by the arteries), the timeliness of seeking help in the event of unpleasant symptoms and the effectiveness of the prescribed treatment. Sometimes people do not know about their illness for years and there is no need for treatment. And others suffer as much with the kidneys, not deciding on the operation, and in fact the most favorable prognosis is observed, if, of course, they regularly follow all the prescriptions of the doctor after the operation and during the rehabilitation period.

[53], [54], [55], [56]