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Surgical treatment of osteoarthritis
Last reviewed: 23.04.2024
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A physician with a therapeutic profile should remember that every patient with osteoarthritis, regardless of the stage of the disease, should be consulted by an orthopedist who decides on the necessity and scope of surgical intervention. The recommendations of an orthopedic surgeon should be taken into account. Surgical treatment for gonarthrosis can vary from minimally invasive techniques (arthroscopic surgery) to complete replacement of the joint with a prosthesis (endoprosthetics), the most radical treatment method for today. In addition, new methods of surgical treatment are being developed (allo- and autologous transplantation of cartilage or its cells), aimed more at preventing the disease, especially after trauma, than for its treatment.
[Indications for surgical treatment of osteoarthritis
Arthrosis of metatarsophalangeal joint of 1st finger:
- constant sharp pain;
- impossibility to wear ordinary shoes.
Coxarthrosis I and II stages:
- "Unloading" operations aimed at moving the load to less pathologically altered departments.
Coxarthrosis III and IV stages:
- endoprosthetics;
- joint closure - arthrodesis.
Gonarthrosis:
- at I and II stages of gonarthrosis, corrective osteotomy is performed to transfer the load to other less pathologically altered sections;
- in later stages, endoprosthetics are performed.