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Convergent strabismus (esotropia)
Alexey Kryvenko, medical expert
Last reviewed: 23.04.2024
Last reviewed: 23.04.2024
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[The main causes of convergent strabismus (esotropia):
- Congenital esotropy
- Duane Syndrome
- Accomodative esotropy
- Defeat of the abducent nerve (one-sided or bilateral)
- Spasm of convergence (more often of psychogenic origin)
- Tonic spasm of convergence as part of the dorsal midbrain syndrome.
- Acute thalamic esotropia
- Rear internuclear ophthalmoplegia (pseudo-abdotsens)
- Neuromyotonia
- Insufficient divergence
- Divergence paralysis
- Cyclic oculomotor paralysis (in the spastic phase)
- Syndrome of nystagmus blockade (strabismus, in which the eyes and head assume a position minimizing nystagmus).
- Defeat of the abducent nerve with contracture of the antagonist muscle (ipsilateral straight muscle) in the recovery phase.
- Myasthenia gravis
- Infringement of the medial rectus muscle (with trauma)
- Dysthyreoidal orbitopathy (rare)
- Pathological processes in orbit
- Encephalopathy Wernicke
- Chiari malformation
- Diseases of the striated muscles.
Monocular nystagmus
- Acquired monocular blindness (nystagmus on the side of the blind eye)
- Amblyopia
- An infarction of the brain stem (thalamus and oral sections of the brain stem)
- Ictal nystagmus
- Internuclear and pseudo-nuclear ophthalmoplegia
- Multiple sclerosis
- Nystagmus with monocular ophthalmoplegia
- Pseudonystagm (the fascism of the century)
- Myocardium of the upper oblique muscle
- Spasmus nutans.