Influenza: treatment
Last reviewed: 23.04.2024
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Medication for influenza
Antiviral treatment of influenza is indicated for moderate to severe disease, as well as for patients with concomitant pathologies, whose aggravation may pose a threat to life. Etiotropic treatment of influenza includes the administration of preparations of the adamantane series (for example, rimantadine). Remantadine (rimantadine) has antiviral activity against strains of the influenza A virus. It is effective in prescribing the course of the disease in the first 2 days. Take inside after eating (drinking water) according to the scheme: in the 1st day - 300 mg in three doses; on the 2nd and 3rd days - 200 mg in two doses; on the 4th day - 100 mg at the same time. Algirem (rimantadine) - 0.2% solution of rimantadine in syrup (for treatment of influenza A in children). The course of treatment: 4 days in accordance with the age-related dosing regimen.
Treatment of influenza caused by viruses of serotypes A and B is escorted by drugs of the group of neuraminidase inhibitors (for example, oseltamivir, administered at 150 mg in two doses for 5-7 days).
The drug of choice - arbidol (a group of indoles) - an antiviral drug with interferon-inducing, immunomodulating and antioxidant properties. Effective against viruses A and B. Assign 600 mg / day in 3 doses for 5-7 days.
Alternative drugs are interferons and interferon inducers. The most common drugs interferon: interferon leukocyte human and recombinant compounds (interferon alfa-2). Interferon inducers are also used: tilorone, cycloferon (meglumine acridon acetate), sodium oxodihydroacridinilacetate - synthetic compounds; kagocel, ridostin (sodium ribonucleate) - natural compounds.
Disintoxication is carried out: 5% glucose solution or rheopolyglucin [dextran (compare mole mass 30 000-40 000)]. Appoint vaso-and cardioprotective drugs. To prevent or treat the onset of edema of the brain (or lungs), furosemide is prescribed at 40-80 mg / day.
For the same purpose, prednisolone is administered at 300-500 mg / day. To eliminate ICE use heparin, dipyridamole, pentoxifylline, fresh frozen plasma. At a hyperthermia preparations of an acetylsalicylic acid and paracetamol are shown with careful account of contraindications.
It is advisable to use drugs of antiprotease action (for example, aprotinin).
To improve cerebral circulation appoint pentoxifylline. Patients with a severe form of the disease need oxygen therapy (inhalation with an oxygen-air mixture).
It should constantly monitor the patency of the upper respiratory tract, aspirate sputum and mucus with an electric pump. Correction of disorders of acid-alkaline state of blood is necessary. When cardiac insufficiency occurs, cardiac glycosides (lily-of-the-valley glycoside, uabain), a 10% solution of sulfocamphocaine are used.
Assign the blockers of H2 receptors. To reduce the permeability of blood vessels - ascorbic acid, rutozide.
Diet and diet
Recommended bed rest during the entire febrile period. Treatment of influenza should be combined with the appointment of a full-fledged diet including lactic acid foods, fruit and vegetable juices. For detoxification, use a generous warm drink to 1.5-2 liters / day (tea, juice, broth of wild rose, decoction of lime blossom, mineral alkaline water, milk).
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