Treatment of influenza

Treatment of influenza is carried out mainly at home.

Hospitalization is carried out according to clinical, epidemiological and social indications.

Clinical indications:

• severe and hypertoxic forms of influenza;
• complicated course of influenza (meningitis, encephalitis, pneumonia, etc.);
• the period of the newborn, regardless of the severity of the disease; Hospitalization of infants is also advisable.

Epidemiological indications:

• stay of the child in a closed institution or in an organized collective (an orphanage, a child's home, a health camp, etc.).
• Social indications:
• lack of opportunity to organize treatment and adequate care in outpatient settings for social, technical or other reasons;
• the lack of an opportunity to organize a "hospital at home" if necessary in it;
• antisocial family;
• homeless and neglected children.

Patients with influenza should be hospitalized in a boxed or semi-boxed department.

All patients with influenza are shown:

• curative and protective regime (bed - during fever and intoxication with a further transition to the half-bed, which is observed until recovery);
• Milk-vegetable diet, enriched with vitamins, abundant drink in the form of hot tea, cranberry or cowberry mors, alkaline mineral water;
• anti-inflammatory and antipyretic agents in an age-related dose at a body temperature of 38 ° C and above (if there is no indication for antipyretics at a lower temperature - febrile seizures in history, epilepsy, etc.). The safest antipyretic for children is paracetamol (Pediatric Panadol, suspension or suppository). Single dose - 15 mg / kg, daily - 60 mg / kg of the child's body weight;
• at "red fever" also use physical methods of cooling (wiping alcohol in half with water);
• "Pale fever", as a rule, reflects an infectious-toxic shock and requires intensive therapy;
• In the case of influenza, the use of acetylsalicylic acid is strictly forbidden because of the risk of development of Reye's syndrome with a very high lethality;
• mucolytic agents (acetylcysteine, carbocysteine) with thick and viscous sputum, as well as mucolytics with expectorant effect - bromhexine, ambroxol;
• expectorants (lycorin, althea medicinal extract, thermopsis extract, etc.) to coughing patients with poorly receding sputum.

Local flu treatment

• with rhinitis intranasal 0.9% solution of sodium chloride, vasoconstrictive drops (oxymetazoline, xylometazoline); with prolonged rhinitis with severe nasal congestion, additionally topical antihistamines (desloratadine from 2 years), and with an allergic component - an intranasal spray with a topical glucocorticosteroid;
• with pharyngitis, tonsillitis 2% solution of silver of proteinate or collargol; in older children - bikarmint, chlorhexidine + tetracaine + ascorbic acid, etc .;
• with laryngitis, tracheitis, laryngotracheitis for children over 2 years to improve drainage steam inhalation (with infusion of chamomile, calendula, mint, sage, St. John's Wort, 1-2% sodium bicarbonate solution); in obstructive laryngitis / laryngotracheitis (croup syndrome) in the hospital use paroinhalation chambers with the use of bronchodilators (berodual, etc.), glucocorticosteroids, sodium bicarbonate;
• vitamins: ascorbic acid, B vitamins, multivitamins;
• antihistamines are indicated for children with allergic diseases in the acute stage (atopic dermatitis, respiratory allergies, etc.). Use klemastin, chloropyramine, loratadine, fexofenadine, etc.

Etiotropic antiviral treatment of influenza

• Adamantane derivatives: children from 1 to 7 years old - 0.2% syrup remantadine 5 mg / (kg / day); in children older than 7 years - remantadine 1.5 mg / (kg / day);
• Inhibitors of viral neuraminidase: oseltamivir 2 mg / (kg / day) for children over 12 years;
• Specific anti-influenza immunoglobulin, normal human immunoglobulin is indicated for severe and hypertoxic forms of influenza;
• Interferons (interferon-alpha intranasal, interferon-alpha 2 rectally, interferon-alpha 2a - intramuscularly with severe forms) and inductors of endogenous interferon (arbidol, anaferon kidney, kagocel), etc. On the background of therapy with a new domestic drug kagocel in children with influenza and other acute respiratory infections, duration of symptoms of intoxication, fever, catarrhal phenomena in the rhinopharyngeal cavity and the main symptoms of stenosing laryngotracheitis (bronchitis) are reliably reduced. Kagocel promotes an increase in the production of a- and y-interferons in 1,5-2 times in sick children with an initially low level. In no case of the use of this interferon inducer in clinical studies in children, no side effects and adverse events were reported, including no worsening of allergopathology in the background of treatment, while in the comparison group the respiratory infection caused an exacerbation of atopic dermatitis. Kagocel is well tolerated by children, shortens hospitalization and can be used in pediatric practice in children from 6 years of age, 1 tablet three times a day for the first two days, then 1 tablet 2 times a day for the next 2 days. The analysis of the conducted clinical studies has shown that kagocel has a universal effect on the infectious process in viral respiratory infections, regardless of their etiology and clinical manifestations.

[1], [2], [3]

Treatment of influenza with antibiotics

With the flu, as with other ARVI, there is no need to prescribe antibiotics, they are advisable only if there is a suspicion of the bacterial nature of the inflammatory process in the airways.

It should be clearly understood that the treatment of influenza with antibiotics does not have a positive effect, since antibacterial drugs are designed to treat infectious diseases that have been caused by bacteria, and influenza develops under the influence of viruses. Moreover, treatment of influenza with antibiotics can harm your body, as with uncontrolled and inappropriate use, the risk of developing infections that are resistant to antibiotics increases. Remember, bacteria and viruses have completely different nature, and treatment of the flu with antibiotics is absolutely useless. Antibiotics can be prescribed by a doctor only with complications provoked by the influenza virus, since such complications can be caused precisely by bacteria that penetrated the weakened organism. Antibacterial drugs are prescribed for such complications of influenza as pneumonia, bacterial bronchitis, inflammation of the pharynx or respiratory tract, conjunctivitis, etc.

Antibiotics for influenza are prescribed according to strict indications:

• Bacterial complications (acute obstructive purulent-necrotic laryngotracheitis / laryngitis - regardless of the degree of croup, II-IV grade croup, pneumonia, otitis, sinusitis, streptococcal or other bacterial tonsillitis / pharyngitis, lymphadenitis, especially with fluctuations, bronchitis with purulent sputum, pneumonia and etc.);
• Suspicion of bacterial infection in a patient with influenza (when it is difficult to exclude the development of bacterial infections - severe toxicosis, severe sore throat, raids on the tonsils, ear pain, dyspnoea without signs of bronchial obstruction, asymmetry of wheezing in auscultation of the lungs, leukocytosis in the blood more than 12-15х10 ⁹ / n). It is necessary to prescribe antibiotics early in case of suspected bacterial complications in children under 3 years of age. However, if the subsequent surveillance and examination does not confirm the suspicion of a bacterial infection, the antibiotic should be discontinued;
• Severe and complicated forms of influenza;
• Chronic foci of bacterial infection and especially their exacerbation (recurrent otitis media, chronic sinusitis, chronic pyelonephritis, etc.);
• Clinical signs of immunodeficiency.

Treatment of influenza in the home

Treatment of influenza in the home must necessarily be comprehensive. First of all, one should be aware that a patient with a flu needs a bed rest, since any physical activity significantly increases the risk of complications. To effectively fight infection, the body needs abundant and warm drink. This helps prevent intoxication, improves the excretion of sputum and helps restore water balance in the body. To bring down the temperature below 38 and a half degrees is not recommended, as it creates a barrier to the propagation of infectious agents. To reduce the heat at home, you can use raspberries - two spoons of raspberries are added by two spoons of mother and stepmother and oregano spoon, pour with boiling water, insist for half an hour and decant. The resulting broth is taken on a quarter cup four times a day. Reduce the temperature can also be done with acetic compresses on the calves of the feet. When coughing effectively warm milk with mineral still water. To facilitate nasal breathing with a cold and nasal congestion, vasoconstrictor drops and sprays (eucazoline, rinazoline), as well as oil-based drops (pinosol) are used. To wash the nose, you can use herbal decoctions and a solution of furacilin. To reduce the inflammatory process in the throat is possible with the help of rinses, using for these purposes an alcohol solution of chlorophyllipt, furacilin, chamomile and sage broth, soda-salt solution. At the very beginning of the disease shows the use of antiviral drugs, such as arbidol, anaferon, amyzon, etc. To ease the condition can onion juice in breeding with natural honey. Take this mixture you need every half hour for one teaspoon. A powerful antioxidant effect has a lemon - it reduces intoxication of the body and has a destructive effect on the virus.

Drugs for the treatment of influenza

Drugs for the treatment of influenza are prescribed depending on the accompanying symptoms. Antihistamines are indicated in the common cold, frequent sneezing, watery eyes. Decongestants are used to squeeze the head, discomfort in the nose, ears. Anesthetics and antipyretic drugs for influenza help relieve the pain syndrome of various locations and reduce body temperature. When influenza is also prescribed interferon preparations, interferon inducers, immunomodulating, mucolytic, antitussive, expectorant, anti-inflammatory and antiviral drugs.

Antiviral drugs have the ability to destroy viruses and are represented by etiotropic agents. The use of etiotropic drugs alone in a flu epidemic is not enough. Immunomodulating drugs restore the function of the body's defenses. The main indication for the use of this group of drugs is the infectious-inflammatory process, which is difficult to treat. To drugs for the treatment of influenza are the following:

[4], [5], [6], [7], [8],

Adapromine

The drug is taken orally after eating. At the first signs of the disease appoint 0.2 g once a day for four days.

[9], [10]

Daytiforin

Is taken orally before eating. On the first day of the disease - 0.1 g three times, on the second and third day - 0.1 g twice a day, on the fourth day - 0.1 g once. On the first day of the disease, the daily dose can be consumed in one session.

[11]

Remantadine

The drug is most effective at the very beginning of the disease. On the first day, take two tablets (100 mg) three times a day. You can drink a daily dose at a time (six tablets) or for two meals (twice a day for three tablets). On the second and third day of the disease - two tablets (100 mg) twice. On the fourth and fifth day - two tablets (100 mg) once a day. The course of treatment is five days.

Ingavirin

Take one capsule per day.

Immunostat

The drug is taken 200 mg four times a day. The interval between receptions should be six hours. The average duration of treatment is from three to five days.

Arbidol

For 0.2 g (2 two tablets) four times a day before meals. The drug is taken within three days.

[12], [13], [14], [15], [16], [17],

Anaferon

One tablet under the tongue from three to six times a day, depending on the severity of the disease. After the onset of improvement, a single dose is recommended for eight to ten days.

[18], [19], [20], [21]

Amizon

The maximum single dose - 1 g, daily - 2 g. The drug is taken by 0,25-0,5 g (one or two tablets) from two to four times a day. The course of treatment is from five to seven days.

[22], [23]

Amiksin

Take after eating 125 or 250 mg (one or two tablets) per day for two days, then one tablet with a break in two days. All doses of drugs are indicated per adult.

Treatment of influenza in pregnancy

Treatment of influenza during pregnancy has its own nuances, since many drugs against influenza are contraindicated for pregnant women. Among them, aspirin, various antitussive, antiviral and vasoconstrictive drugs. Therefore, the treatment of influenza during pregnancy should be combined with an abundant drink of warm liquid, which helps to eliminate toxins - tea with honey and lemon, milk, broth of wild rose, raspberries. To reduce the temperature, you can take a tablet of paracetamol. When you cough, you can drink breastfeeds and expectorants that are approved for use during pregnancy (Dr. Mom, Gedelix). To reduce the inflammation of the nasal mucosa, oil-based drops "Pinosol" can be used. To wash the nose use aquamaris, a homemaker, a marimer. As part of complex therapy, the use of vitamin-mineral complexes is mandatory.

Effective treatment of influenza

Anti-influenza therapy, started in the first thirty-six hours from the onset of the symptoms of the disease, can significantly reduce the duration of the disease and reduce the risk of complications. Effective treatment of influenza is a combination of chemotherapy drugs with nonspecific effects or is achieved by using only interferons and their inducers and immunomodulating agents that have antiviral activity. Effective treatment of influenza must necessarily be comprehensive. If you are sick, consume a large amount of warm liquid (tea, milk, cranberry juice, herbal decoctions). When you cough and runny nose, use disposable paper napkins, then wash your hands with soap and water. Often ventilate the room. Take antiviral drugs and keep bed rest.

[24], [25], [26], [27], [28]

Treatment of influenza in adults

Treatment of influenza in adults is carried out at home with strict adherence to bed rest. Hospitalization is indicated for hyperthermia, convulsions, blurred consciousness, severe arterial hypotension, cardiac disorders, complications. Symptomatic therapy at home is the regular use of a large number of warm drinks, the use of antiviral, antihistamine and antipyretics. If the temperature subsided, you can make herbal inhalation with chamomile, calendula, sage. At the very beginning of the disease, remantadine is used, the nasal passages are washed with furacilin and lubricated with oxalic ointment. Antibacterial drugs and sulfonamides are shown only in case of bacterial complications, and also in order to prevent the development of chronic purulent-inflammatory diseases.

Treatment of the influenza virus

Treatment of the influenza virus consists in carrying out specific therapy depending on the type of virus. The influenza A virus is capable of creating an epidemiological situation of moderate to severe severity, for example, swine and chicken flu. Influenza type B usually does not cause epidemics and has local outbreaks of the disease. The influenza type C virus has not been sufficiently investigated. Its signs are usually insignificant or nonexistent, this type of virus can be combined with a type A virus. Treatment of the influenza virus, first of all, should be aimed at the destruction of viral cells. The influenza A virus, for example, is sensitive to oseltamivir and zanamivir. The main types of influenza virus are A and B. Type A is more common, to combat it, M2 inhibitors are used. Against the viruses of group A and B, neuraminidase inhibitors are effective. Antiviral drugs that use flu treatment can suppress viral enzymes and stimulate the formation of interferon. The first group of drugs suppresses the virus itself, the second - reduces the susceptibility of cells to viral agents. Treatment of the influenza virus should begin with the first symptoms of the disease.

Treatment of influenza

The treatment regimen for influenza includes sequential procedures to remove current symptoms of the disease and neutralize viral cells.

1. To directly neutralize the virus, antiviral drugs are taken (arbidol, amixin, rimantadine, groprinosin).
2. High fever (above 38.5 degrees), which is accompanied by severe chills, headaches and muscle pain, can be brought down with antipyretic drugs (aspirin, paracetamol, ibuprofen).
3. The primary symptoms of the disease may also be a dry cough and a sore throat. In such cases, expectorant tablets and syrups (bronchial, Dr. Mom, herbion, lazolvan) are shown three to four times a day, antiseptic resorption tablets and lozenges (septefril, pharyngept, decatilene, septothete, strepsils) - from three to six times in day.
4. To eliminate nasal congestion, locally used vasoconstrictive drugs - naphthyzine, rinazolin, tizin, eucazoline - one injection in each nasal passage three times a day. When the mucous compartment of mucus from the nasal passages is abundant, the nose is washed with saline solution, as well as preparations such as saline, a hummer, a marimer, and a pure.
5. As part of complex therapy, they take funds to strengthen immunity (tincture of Echinacea purpurea, immunal, vitamin-mineral complexes). Immunal is taken as follows: twenty drops three times a day, with a small amount of liquid. The primary dose can be forty drops once, then for two days, take twenty drops every hour or two, after which they switch to the recommended average dosage.
6. Periodic rinsings of the throat with herbal decoctions, soda-salt solutions, regular abundant warm drinks, rest and bed rest are also shown.
7. Contraindicated any physical activity, antibacterial drugs, as well as thermal procedures, if the high body temperature.

Treatment of influenza in lactation

Treatment of influenza with lactation, as in pregnancy, should be done with extreme caution. With a severe course of the disease without taking medication can not do, but, of course, not all medications are allowed during breastfeeding. According to the doctor's prescription, antiviral drugs based on interferon can be taken. To reduce the temperature, you can drink paracetamol. With the flu, you should always drink warm tea with honey, raspberries, lemon or milk. The throat can be rinsed with an aqueous solution of soda and salt, a decoction of chamomile. Regularly ventilate the room to clear the air from the accumulated viruses. When the flu is also necessary rest and bed rest. In severe cases, drug treatment of influenza with lactation is an indication for the interruption of the feeding process.

Modern treatment of influenza

Modern treatment of influenza includes a set of various procedures for the destruction of viruses and the elimination of symptoms of the disease. When influenza, the patient is necessarily shown bed rest, copious drinking, gargling and nasal passage for the erosion of infection. Modern treatment of influenza also implies the appointment of a dairy and vegetable diet, foods rich in vitamin C. In recent years, the treatment of influenza is combined with the use of immunomodulators, helping the body to cope with the disease more quickly. Natural immunostimulants are rose hips, Eleutherococcus root extract, Chinese magnolia vine, Echinacea purpurea, etc. However, it should be remembered that uncontrolled use of them can, on the contrary, worsen the functioning of the immune system. In the case of influenza, a remedy like remantadine, which has high antiviral activity, is well established. At the very beginning of the disease, you can dig in three to five drops of human leukocyte or recombinant interferon in each nasal passage with a break of one to two hours for two to three days. Nasal passages can also be lubricated with oxalic ointment. With nasal congestion, vasoconstrictive drops and sprays are used. The temperature is knocked down only if it exceeds thirty-eight and a half degrees, since it promotes the production of endogenous interferon (the organism fights the infection). When influenza is recommended taking vitamins and minerals, as well as immunomodulating drugs. Detoxication therapy is carried out with the help of such drugs as polyglucin, reopolyglucin, a five percent glucose solution, hemodez, ascorutin.

Rapid treatment of influenza

Rapid treatment of influenza depends on the combination of various factors that affect the course of the disease. First, it should be clearly understood that with the flu, it is necessary to show bed rest. This is one of the necessary conditions for successful and rapid treatment of the disease. If you take antiviral drugs and at the same time engage in physical activity, then naturally, you should not expect a quick effect, this can only aggravate the situation. So, the first rule - a full rest and bed rest. The second obligatory condition is active consumption of warm liquid in any kind - it can be green or black tea with honey, lemon, milk, fruit juice, raspberry compote. The liquid helps to remove toxins from the body and, as a result, rapid treatment of influenza. Do not forget to regularly ventilate the room and use disposable handkerchiefs when coughing and sneezing to avoid the multiplication of viruses. Antiviral drugs such as arbidol, anaferon, amixin, remantidine, etc. Are shown for the elimination of viruses. Use antiseptic tablets and sprays (anginal, chlorophyllipt, orasept, septefril, lysobact, pharyngept, etc.) to eliminate current symptoms of the disease, expectorants (mucaltin, ambroxol , herbion) and vasoconstrictor (galazolin, tizin, rinazolin, eucazoline).

Treatment of influenza by alternative means

Among the alternative means of treating influenza, the dog rose proved to be a good candidate. Dry rose hips must be crushed and poured in cold water (1 L), then boil for ten minutes. The resulting broth to insist in a warm place for eight to ten hours, then strain. Take a ready-made medicine you need one glass five to six times a day, you can add honey.

A similar agent can be prepared by mixing the dogrose with honey and adding the fruits of currants or raspberries. Take three times a day for half a glass before eating. A good effect in the treatment has a viburnum. The fruits of this plant are mixed with mother-and-stepmother and poured with boiling water, and then strain and take one glass a night in a warmed state. Another alternative to the flu is the onion. A medium-sized bulb should be rubbed on a grater, then spread on gauze, folded into several layers. Put the resulting mixture on the side surfaces of the nose for ten to fifteen minutes. Repeat the procedure should be three to four times a day. Skin covers before the procedure, it is recommended to lubricate with lean oil or a cosmetic face cream. Rinse nasal passages can be saline. Also, with a cold, you can dig in the nasal passages of a drop of vegetable oil mixed with garlic. Garlic crushed, add a spoonful of lean oil, insist for twelve hours, and then filter. At a temperature, mixed rose hips with mountain ash, poured hot water, insisted for four hours and decant. Received infusion take three times a day for half a glass. Also to remove the heat, you can dilute 1 tablespoon of vinegar per liter of slightly warm boiled water, moisten the vinegar solution with a towel and rub the shins, arms, the armpit area. When the temperature drops, you can pour dry mustard powder into your socks and put them on all night, wrapping your feet warmly. At normal body temperature, you can do inhalation with sage, eucalyptus, chamomile. You can also cook unrefined potatoes, drain the water, crush, add two or three drops of fir oil and breathe steam for five to seven minutes, pre-covered with a towel. Inhalation is contraindicated in people with diseases of the cardiovascular system.