Lymphoma of the eye

Lymphomas of the eye auxiliary apparatus (conjunctiva, tear gland and orbit) account for approximately 8% of all extranodal lymphomas. Lymphoma, like benign lymphoid hyperplasia, is referred to as lymphoproliferative diseases. Between these two forms lies the so-called "gray zone" of intermediate forms, the diagnosis of which using traditional histological techniques is impossible.

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Symptoms of eye lymphoma

Lymphoma of the eye manifests itself in 6-8 decades of life with fuzzy symptoms.

• It is localized in any part of the orbit and sometimes has a two-sided character.
• Front localization can be accessed by palpation and have an elastic consistency.
• Sometimes the lymphoma is confined to the conjunctiva or the lacrimal gland and does not affect the orbit.

Systemic examination of patients with lymphoid hyperplastic lesions of the orbit includes chest X-ray, electrophoresis of serum immunoglobulins, thoraco-abdominal CG to identify possible retroperitoneal spread and, if necessary, bone marrow puncture.

The course of lymphoma of the eye is diverse and can be unpredictable. In some patients histologically, the apparent malignant lesions are resorbed spontaneously or after the use of steroids. Conversely, the benign lymphoid hyperplasia that develops after a few years gives rise to lymphoma.

Classification of eye lymphoma

Euro-American classification of lymphomas (REAL) divides lymphomas into 5 types according to the increased risk of extranodal spread, dissemination with time and mortality.

• Extranodal B-cell lymphoma of the marginal zone.
• Lymphoma of the center of the follicle.
• Diffuse large cell B-lymphoma.
• Plasmacytoma.
• Lymphoplasmocytic lymphoma.

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Treatment of eye lymphoma

Treatment of eye lymphoma includes radiation therapy for localized processes and chemotherapy for disseminated forms.