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Pain in the gums
Last reviewed: 20.11.2021
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Toothache in the gums is a fairly common problem, and the reasons for its occurrence may be different. However, do not delay treatment, as this may be a signal that the situation is running and requires urgent intervention.
Short description
The gingiva is a mucous membrane that is located in the oral cavity and covers the alveolar parts of the jaws. The alveolar process is covered with a bright mucous membrane (unlike the cornified epithelium) through which thin capillaries can be seen. The keratinized epithelium of a gum of more light matte shade. During food processing, the gums are loaded, which in turn affects the condition of the epithelium and connective tissue. The gingiva consists of a multitude of layers of epithelium and its own plate. Epithelium is of three types: the epithelium of the furrow, the oral cavity and the connective. The epithelium of the interdental papilla can horn, and its layers are divided into basal, prickly, granular and horny. You may not suspect for a long time that your gums need treatment, as the symptoms of the diseases can be detected not immediately, they are almost invisible. Therefore, it is worth accepting the fact that pain in the gums is a serious problem.
The main causes of pain in the gums
One of the most common gum diseases that occur without pronounced symptoms is gingivitis. Gingivitis is the defeat of the gums by bacteria that are placed on the mucous layer of the epithelium. With this disease, there is itching and irritation, which can lead to pain in the gums and bleeding. The gums detach from the tooth, creating an opening in which even more plaque accumulates. If you do not stop the disease on time, gingivitis gradually flows into a more serious illness - periodontitis. In this case, bacteria even more deeply affect the bone and tissues - in the place where the tooth is attached. Diseases of this nature most often can be caused by the following reasons:
- non-observance of the rules of hygiene of the oral cavity
- pregnancy, menstruation, hormonal outbreaks, puberty
- lack of vitamin C, hypovitaminosis
The next common disease is stomatitis - inflammation of the epithelium of the mouth. It can occur both independently and due to other diseases. Stomatitis can develop with exacerbation of chronic diseases of internal organs and nervous system, lack of vitamins. Smoking, too cold, hot, salty or sour food - all this also creates favorable conditions for the disease. When stomatitis is observed reddening of the epithelium, pain, swelling of the tissues, an increase in lymph nodes.
A disease in which only the mucous membrane is affected is called glossitis. It is more superficial, but in the case of deep injuries, purulent inflammation, swelling of the tongue, inconvenient swallowing can occur. Inflammation can not go beyond one or two teeth, or it flows over the entire gum.
Parodontitis (periodontal disease) is a disease of the tissues surrounding the teeth. This disease begins unnoticed, often itching, irritation, pain in the gums is felt first, after which there may be edema, and the neck of the teeth are exposed. The tooth is badly held by the gum, and if you do not take measures in time, it can lead to tooth loss.
Prevention
To prevent the development of diseases will help you various rinsers that fight with harmful bacteria, and regular diagnosis in the dentist will help to avoid pain in the gums, as well as a number of problems or identify the disease at an earlier stage.