Angina in pregnancy

Angina in pregnancy is a disease of a viral or bacterial etiology, the causative agents of which can be both adenoviruses, pneumococci, streptococci, and staphylococci. Angina is manifested by acute inflammation of the tonsils - lymphoid tissue of the throat. The disease is transmitted by airborne droplets, and can also be transmitted by contact and even by household means (through dirty, bacteria-contaminated objects).

Immunity of a woman during pregnancy is somewhat reduced, so as not to harm their active properties of the nascent life - the fetus. In addition, the gestation period is quite long, one way or another it captures within nine months the cold period, when acute inflammatory diseases and viruses are activated.

Angina is a danger to any person, regardless of age, sex, it can provoke cardiological, rheumatic, urological pathologies.

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Forms

Types of sore throats during pregnancy

Angina is caused by various pathogens, the course of the disease depends on their type. The most common is the angina of bacterial etiology, that is provoked by streptococci or staphylococci. Also, inflammation can cause enteroviruses, adenoviruses

In clinical practice, it is customary to systematize angina in this way:

1. Catarrhal angina, which differs from the bacterial one in that there are no white spots and raids on the swollen and reddened tonsils. Tonsils are covered with mucus, all other symptoms are similar to those of purulent angina.
2. Purulent sore throat. Purulent sore throat during pregnancy can be in such forms: •
   • Follicular (the easiest form), with characteristic white dots (pustules). •
   • Lacunar angina, in which the tonsils are covered with a yellowish coating in the form of a film. •
   • Necrotic angina or agranulocyte is the most severe form in which tonsil tissues are necrotic.

Purulent sore throat during pregnancy is most common. You can distinguish its forms independently by such signs.

Follicular tonsillitis in pregnancy, as well as in all other patients, is characterized by specific white and yellow spots that are "scattered" on the surface of inflamed tonsils. These points are the source of inflammation.

Lacunar angina is characterized by the fact that the tonsils are gradually covered with a specific white and yellow film, practically covering the entire surface, thus creating a lacuna (cavity).

Necrotic form of angina most often develops against the background of scarlet fever, which in itself is a deadly threat to the fetus. With this type of tonsillitis, the tissue of the tonsils dies out, is necrotic.

Angina in early pregnancy is fraught with severe toxicosis, placental abruption due to hyperthermia, there is also a threat of miscarriage or intrauterine deviations in the development and formation of fetal organs and systems. Angina in the first weeks of pregnancy, as a rule, is much easier and less dangerous. This is explained by the fact that the mother's immunity has not yet been reorganized into another mode of functioning, and adequately fulfills her own defense. Much more threat is borne by tonsillitis in the first trimester of pregnancy, especially if a woman is diagnosed with a purulent, follicular form. Bacteria can be carried with blood and provoke a general septic poisoning of the body, which often leads to abortion or fading of the fetus.

Angina in late pregnancy is no less dangerous, as the reserve properties of the mother's body are already depleted, there is a threat of myocarditis and even heart failure. Quite often, sore throat in late pregnancy provokes the development of glomerulonephritis. In addition, purulent angina can cause a weak labor activity.

Complications and consequences

What is the risk of angina during pregnancy?

Angina during pregnancy threatens the health of the mother and the health of the fetus in the event that the disease becomes acute form or it is in a neglected state, which happens with improper, as a rule, independent treatment. Is angina dangerous during pregnancy? Of course, there are dangers, among them the main threat is represented by the following:

• Abscess of the larynx with large purulent lacunae (cavities).
• Meningitis, which can develop due to the spread of infection into the cranial cavity.
• Septic intoxication of the body.
• Inflammation of the lymph nodes is lymphadenitis.
• Infectious polyarthritis.
• Pyelonephritis.
• Rheumatic myocarditis.

Angina can also occur in atypical form, especially at the very beginning of its development. Angina without temperature during pregnancy occurs periodically because the mother's immune system directs its resources to preserve the fetus, and not to respond adequately to the invasion of bacteria. Such a beginning of an angina is fraught with a rapidly developing exacerbation, when the body temperature can rise to 40 degrees within one to two hours.

What is dangerous for sore throat during pregnancy? Certainly a threat to the health of the baby, because any mother's malaise affects all the developing organ and fetal systems, in addition, the maternal hyperthermia during the disease causes oxygen starvation in the child. Hypoxia of the fetus can end very badly - miscarriage or fetal death. Angina at pregnancy consequences can have the most serious, therefore at the first alarming signs to the future mum it is necessary to address to the doctor and to receive the timely help.

Signs and symptoms of sore throat during pregnancy:

• A sharp increase in body temperature, up to 39-40 degrees.
• Sore throat, which is characterized by its build-up.
• Difficulty swallowing, it is difficult even to swallow fluid.
• Redness of tonsils, white coatings are often visible on them.
• Weakness, an ache.
• Chills.
• Loss of appetite, nausea is possible.
• Painful to the touch lymph nodes under the lower jaw.

Treatment Angina in pregnancy

How to treat sore throat during pregnancy?

Treatment of sore throat during pregnancy should be as gentle as possible, but at the same time complex. It is well known that medications for sore throats during pregnancy are a risk of intrauterine fetal pathologies. However, the bacterial form of angina is treated only with the help of antibiotics, so drug therapy is inevitable. The modern pharmaceutical industry produces a variety of drugs that are able to affect the mother's body, bypassing the placenta and not having a harmful effect on the fetus. Of the relatively safe antibiotics can be named the following:

• Cephalosporin group - cefazolin, cefepime.
• Macrolides - sumamed, rovamycin, clarithromycin.

Reduce the temperature of acetylsalicylic acid is contraindicated. Only drugs based on paracetamol are allowed. The appointment should only be done by a doctor, only he knows how to cure a sore throat during pregnancy and do no harm to the health of the mother and baby.

Treatment of sore throats during pregnancy involves the following rules:

• A future mother should comply with bed rest. It is allowed to get up only in case of extreme necessity for the administration of natural physiological needs and, possibly, for food intake, although it is better to take food in bed. Even a relatively healthy woman who does not expect a baby, and all other people who have fallen ill with angina, are strictly forbidden to suffer angina, which is called "on their feet." When it comes to the health of a future mother, it is worth considering how the influence of angina on pregnancy exists and how many risks and threats it carries.
• The intake of food must correspond to the desire of the pregnant woman and her appetite. You can not force her to eat, supposedly for the benefit of the baby. The fact is that there is a risk of transporting the infection with food inside the body, when the pustules are damaged and punctured. Of course, it is also not worth starving, there must be a measure in all. Food should be a dietary, comfortable temperature. Sharp, hot meals are excluded, as well as rough, annoying food. Dishes should be steamed and made as finely ground as possible.
• Obligatory drinking is essential, which promotes the fastest elimination of toxins from the body. The temperature of the drinks should not be too high. Unacceptable hot teas, milk and so on.
• Necessarily frequent, regular gargle of a throat. It is better to make a solution from special pharmaceutical preparations - chlorophyllipt, furacilin. Also, injections or rinses with miramistin or 0.1 percent chlorhexidine solution are effective. Irrigating the throat is possible with Bioparox, which does not pose a risk for the course of pregnancy. The conventional method of salt rinsing is ineffective, moreover, it can provoke complications.
• In no case can you soar, warm your legs or take hot baths. It is also unacceptable to wrap the throat with warm scarves or compresses. Any thermal procedures of this type carry the risk of miscarriage or spread of infection throughout the body, up to sepsis.

At pregnancy treatment of a purulent quinsy is a prerogative of the doctor. Only the attending physician has the exclusive right to prescribe and recommend medicines, methods and methods of treating angina. All sorts of alternative drugs, which I advise as a panacea, can harm the health of the future mother. The use of many phytopreparations, herbs is contraindicated during pregnancy, so how is angina treated during pregnancy, how to cope with its consequences, it is better to ask the doctor.