Yellow body cyst

A yellow body cyst develops when the ovarian follicle bursts and is filled with a liquid, often with an admixture of blood. This kind of cyst is rare in gynecological practice, it is diagnosed in only 3-5% of women who have neoplasms. The formation of yellow body cysts does not depend on age, they can appear in reproductive age in women aged 15 to 55 years. The etiology of the neoplasm is still being clarified, but more and more gynecologists are inclined to the theory of pathological changes in the circulatory system and the blood supply of the temporary gland of internal secretion, which is corpus luteum (yellow body). Also, cyst formation may be associated with functional impairment during the second, luteal phase of the cycle.

Corpus luteum is a specific gland that produces progesterone after the end of the ovulation period. Yellow this gland is called because of the shade that lutein gives it. Actually, the yellow body begins to form from the follicular cells in the luteal phase, when the oocyte (oocyte) leaves the follicle. The formation of the yellow body controls the pituitary gland with the help of the peptide hormone luteotropin. Corpus luteum is needed only in case of fertilization, if it does not occur, the gland gradually transforms into a scar, reduces the production of progesterone, thereby activating the onset of menstruation. The yellow body during fertilization performs a kind of "watchdog" function - it keeps the pregnancy with progesterone and prevents the appearance of new oocytes, and hence the new menstruation.

Symptoms Yellow body cyst

How does the yellow body cyst appear?

Cystic formation, which develops in place of the cells of the yellow body, is practically not manifested. Such neoplasms can grow for several months, asymptomatically, then they also invisibly invoke, disappear. Rarely, the yellow body cyst may disrupt the menstrual cycle, slightly delay its onset or provoke its lingering nature. Even less often the neoplasm is manifested by drawing pains in the lower abdominal region. If the tumor develops intensively and grows to a large size, it can be accompanied by complications, such as tearing or torsion of the legs.

Symptoms of complications of the yellow body cyst, such as a rupture, are manifested by the clinical picture of the "acute abdomen": 

• Sudden severe pain, often cramping. 
• Pain diffuse, that is spilled, it is not localized in any part of the abdomen. 
• Nausea and vomiting. 
• Tension of the abdominal muscles (dappled stomach). 
• Tenderness of the abdominal muscles during palpation.
• A pronounced symptom of Schetkina-Blumberg: intense pain with a sharp removal of the palpable hand from the abdominal wall. 
• Constipation. 
• A meteorism with difficulties in the escape of gases. 
• Peristaltic "silence" in the intestine. 
• Increased heart rate. 
• Sweating and pale skin.

This condition requires urgent surgical care, and the ambulance must be called forth immediately, every hour of delay can be fraught with a fatal outcome.

Such a complication is very rare, nevertheless it is also dangerous not only for the health of a woman, but also for her life. As a result of torsion, the blood supply to the veins is blocked with the blood flowing through the arteries. As a result, the cyst rapidly increases in size, the commissure process begins, which causes necrosis of the cyst itself. If there is at least a minimal presence of bacteria in the intestine, they begin to multiply in necrotic tissues, which leads to peritonitis.

Torso of the legs of the cyst of the yellow body, symptoms: 

• Acute pain in the lower abdomen, localized in the side where the cyst is located. 
• Nausea, weakness 
• Increased body temperature. 
• Frequent pulse. 
• Tension of the abdominal muscles. 
• A positive symptom of irritation of the abdominal walls.

Diagnosis of the tumor is often random in planned surveys. If there is a clear symptomatology indicating the presence of a neoplasm in the ovaries, a complete diagnostic complex is carried out, including: 

• Visual inspection on the chair. 
• Abdominal, intravaginal ultrasound scanning. 
• Laparoscopy. 
• Laboratory blood tests.

To clarify the diagnosis, monitoring monitoring is often prescribed for two months using an ultrasound scan. Often during the observation period, the cyst of the yellow body is involved, this indicates its small size and the initial stage of development. If resorption does not occur, the cyst increases, it is operated to avoid the risk of complications.

Treatment Yellow body cyst

Treatment of cyst of the yellow body

The yellow body cyst refers to the functional form of the neoplasm and is successfully treated in a conservative way. To avoid surgical intervention, it is necessary for all women of reproductive age to undergo preventive gynecological examinations once every six months.