Treatment of cervical dysplasia

As a result of the emergence of new methods and technologies, diagnosis and treatment of cervical dysplasia have become more effective. Specialists managed to significantly reduce the number of adverse outcomes of the disease. Of course, success in treatment largely depends on the cause of the pathology, on the age and condition of the woman, on the prescription of dysplasia. Nevertheless, the disease is amenable to therapy, and there are many ways of such treatment. In this article, we will try to describe the most common therapeutic methods that are used in pathology.

Degrees of dysplasia and their treatment

The degree of disease is considered one of the factors by which the treatment regimen is determined.

• Treatment of dysplasia of the cervix 1 degree (a facilitated form of the disease) is sometimes not carried out at all. The bottom line is that the presented course of dysplasia in many cases regress itself. For such a disease observed: if the self-healing did not happen, the doctor can prescribe conservative therapy, which includes the effect on the main infectious focus, restoration of immunity and anti-inflammatory treatment.
• Treatment of cervical dysplasia of 2 degrees is assigned depending on the results of the studies. Most often, these methods are used:
  • immunostimulating therapy (always performed with extensive epithelial lesions, or with frequent relapses of the disease);
  • radio wave treatment;
  • laser therapy;
  • electrocoagulation;
  • cryodestruction.

Even with the 2nd degree of defeat, there is a possibility that the affected area will heal itself. Therefore, sometimes doctors use expectant tactics.

• Treatment of cervical dysplasia of 3 degrees is prescribed only after the exclusion of oncopathology. Usually, diagnostic scraping is used, and if the diagnosis is confirmed, then the surgical solution of the problem is most often resorted.

Treatment of severe dysplasia of the cervix is carried out exclusively in stationary conditions, since the third degree of the disease requires a more complex therapeutic approach. The doctor may decide to have surgery, but before the operation, anti-inflammatory therapy must be prescribed. If there are signs of an inflammatory reaction, surgery is not performed.

[1], [2], [3], [4], [5], [6]

Methods of treatment of cervical dysplasia

Before choosing a therapeutic tactic for dysplasia, you need to know all the information about the patient concerning the disease. First of all, the age criteria, the extent of the damage to the cervical tissues, the size of the focus, the chronic infections, the possibility and desire of the sick to bear children in the future are taken into account.

The most known methods of therapy are the following.

• Radio wave treatment of cervical dysplasia is a so-called loop conization. The procedure is carried out using a modern radio wave apparatus with an electric generator and loop electrodes. Before starting treatment, the patient is assigned a number of studies (for example, colposcopy and bacterioserial microflora). During the procedure, use local anesthesia, and the session lasts no more than a quarter of an hour.

Radio wave treatment is usually prescribed in the first 7 days after the end of menstruation. Before therapy, you should stop having sex and make sure that there is no pregnancy.

Radio waves have the ability to accurately affect the necessary area of the cervix. High-frequency current completely destroys the modified cells. The tissues heal for 15-20 days.

• Photodynamic therapy of cervical dysplasia provides intravenous or fingering introduction of special preparations - photosensitizers. Such drugs have the property of accumulating in damaged cells without affecting healthy cell structures.

Further, the cervical vestibule is subjected to laser irradiation. As a result, chemical reactions are triggered, which destroy the altered cells. Affected tissue over time is replaced by a full-length epithelium.

Photodynamic therapy is performed on an outpatient basis and does not require much time. Complete recovery occurs within 4 weeks.

• Cryodestruction of cervical dysplasia (so-called moxibustion, or cold destruction) is carried out using liquid nitrogen, which acts through a strong cooling of tissues. The session is prescribed in the I phase of the menstrual cycle (about 7-10 days). The procedure does not leave behind a modified tissue and can be used in patients who later plan pregnancy.
• Treatment of cervical dysplasia with laser (vaporization) is performed in a hospital setting, using local anesthesia. The laser is an invisible infrared ray that acts on cells with a high water content. Such cells completely absorb laser energy, which provokes evaporation of the tissue. The procedure lasts about 20 minutes, it can be somewhat painful, and a few days after it a slight bleeding is allowed.
• Conization of cervical dysplasia is a radical therapeutic technique, which is practiced at 2 and 3 degrees of disease. The essence of conization is in the removal of a modified section of mucous tissues. Earlier, such a procedure was performed with a scalpel, and at present laser and radio wave action is used for this. The operation is performed in a hospital. Anesthesia is local. Sometimes after the procedure, a small scar remains on the site of dysplasia, which should not become an obstacle to subsequent pregnancies.
• Amputation of the cervix in dysplasia is an organ-preserving operation performed in the surgical operating room, using epidural or intravenous anesthesia. Amputation is the removal of part of the body - this is a radical treatment, which is prescribed for extensive lesions of epithelial tissue. As a result of the operation, the cervix in the patient is shortened, which reduces the woman's ability to conceive and endure the baby.
• Excision of the cervix in dysplasia (excision, or knife conization) is the removal of the affected tissue with the use of a scalpel. The procedure is performed for diagnostic or therapeutic purposes, with mild to moderate disease. The surgeon cuts out the damage site without leaving the boundaries of healthy tissues. Healing occurs during the month and can be accompanied by pain (similar to menstrual pain), as well as brown bloody discharge.

Medication for cervical dysplasia

Treatment with the method of chemical coagulation with the use of such drugs as solcogin, vagotide, etc., is very common now. The effect is especially noticeable when exposed to insignificant in size and depth lesions: mainly, it is about 1 degree of dysplasia. In severe cases, medication does not lead to cure.

Conservative therapy involves the appointment of various drugs of natural or inorganic etiology. It can be extracts of plants, oils, saline solutions, ointments, antiseptic agents, etc.

With a light course, the doctor can prescribe such means of treating cervical dysplasia:

Antibiotics for cervical dysplasia are prescribed only in the presence of concomitant infectious diseases, since the use of surgical methods of treatment in the presence of inflammation and sexual infections is unacceptable. Directly on the modified tissue antibiotic therapy does not work. As a rule, antibiotics can be prescribed for background chlamydia, ureaplasma, gonorrhea, syphilis, Trichomonas, as well as for colpitis, vaginitis, cervicitis. Most often such infections are cured by such drugs as azithromycin, ceftriaxone, doxycycline, betadine, etc.

Treatment with terminal using the drug Terzhinan is used to prevent inflammatory-purulent complications before and after surgical interventions on the cervix. Such treatment allows preserving the structure of healthy epithelial tissues and retaining the natural balance of the vaginal environment. Terzhin eliminates the signs of vaginitis, vaginosis, including fungal and mixed etiology. Apply 1 tablet a day.

Genferon with dysplasia of the cervix helps to get rid of papillomaviruses, the herpes virus, as well as from many bacterial lesions (chlamydia, trichomonas, mycoplasma, ureaplasma, gardnerella, etc.) and fungi. Usually appoint one suppository twice a day, the duration of treatment is not less than 10 days.

Isoprinosine with cervical dysplasia acts as an immunostimulant and an antiviral drug. As a rule, he is prescribed before and after surgical interventions on the cervix. Isoprinosine is most effective in the herpes virus. Take the drug for 5-10 days, depending on the doctor's recommendations.

The naturopathic preparation of Malavit with dysplasia of the cervix is able to eliminate unpleasant signs of the disease. Malavit eliminates itching, fetid smell, relieves pain and swelling of the mucosa, and also destroys pathogens. The product is available as a solution: use 10 ml / 200 ml of water for washing, douches and tampons in the vagina.

Vitamins for dysplasia of the cervix are important, because everyone knows that vitamin substances serve as catalysts for metabolic processes inside tissues:

• vit. A helps to repair the damaged mucous, so it is often prescribed in the postoperative period;
• vit. B1 regulates the exchange of sex hormones (estrogens), as well as electrolyte metabolism;
• vit. B2 provides the supply of tissues with oxygen, participates in the regeneration of mucous membranes;
• vit. B6 is a necessary link in the exchange of proteins and amino acids;
• vit. B12 helps to eliminate anemia. Together with folic acid is involved in the production of nucleotides;
• ascorbic acid is considered to be the most important vitamin, triggering oxidation-reduction processes in the body, enhancing the function of estrogens, providing collagen production and hemoglobin formation;
• vit. E is a known antioxidant that prevents functional disorders in the genital area, prevents hemolysis;
• folic acid is involved in the production of amino acids and nucleotides, provides erythropoiesis, protects body tissues from damaging factors, helps to establish an exchange of estrogens.

Vaginal suppositories for the treatment of cervical dysplasia are used to eliminate unpleasant symptoms of the disease, normalize the microflora, destroy bacteria and other pathogens:

• sea-buckthorn suppository used for 1 pc. Twice a day. Seabuckthorn effectively regenerates tissues, eliminates inflammation, heals minor damage to the skin and mucous membranes. The course of treatment is about 2 weeks;
• Betadin suppressants have antimicrobial and antiseptic effects, without causing addiction, and also eliminate vaginitis, candidiasis, trichomoniasis (in combination with other drugs). Betadin use 1-2 suppositories per day for 1-2 weeks, depending on the disease;
• Livarol is a vaginal suppository with ketoconazole, a known antimycotic substance. Eliminates fungal infection in the vagina, preparing the mucosa to use other methods of treatment;
• candles Hexicon help cure cervicitis, vaginitis, prevent the development of vector-borne infections.

Douching with cervical dysplasia will not eliminate the problem completely, but it often helps to get rid of the unpleasant symptoms of the disease. Nevertheless, it is strongly advised to perform douching not to the detriment of the basic treatment and only with the approval of the doctor. Usually for simple douching, simple proven means are chosen:

• eucalyptus leaf (2 tsp) pour 250 ml of boiling water, insist for at least 2 hours. Filter and use for syringing in the amount of 1 tablespoon per 250 ml of boiled water. It is enough for 1 syringing per day. Duration of treatment is 20-30 days;
• celandine (1 tablespoon dried flower) pour 250 ml of boiling water, leave for 1 hour, filter. Douching before going to bed for 2 weeks;
• a bug (1 item the spoon) to fill in 250 ml of boiled water and to insist 50 minutes. Filter and apply once a day;
• green tea (2 tsp) pour a glass of boiling water, insist for at least 1 hour. Filter and use for douching twice a day, morning and night;
• syringing soda is commonly used in the treatment of vaginal candidiasis and to eliminate the unpleasant symptoms of the disease (itching, discharge, burning sensation). With dysplasia, this method is unlikely to help, but sometimes this method is appropriate (if your doctor approves such treatment). To prepare the solution, you need to pour ½ teaspoon baking soda in 250 ml of boiled water. The procedure is carried out at night, not during menstrual bleeding. During the treatment period, you should refrain from sexual contact, drinking alcohol and not visiting the sauna and sauna.

Treatment of dysplasia of the cervix by alternative methods

Alternative methods are recommended to be used only after visiting a medical specialist and conducting a thorough diagnosis. In no case should the basic treatment be replaced by alternative means.

1. Propolis ointment is considered to be a common prescription for fighting dysplasia: it is used to accelerate the healing of tissues and to kill pathogenic bacteria. Every day before going to bed, the ointment is applied to a tampon and injected into the vagina. Duration of treatment is 10 days.
2. Effective treatment of cervical dysplasia with sea buckthorn oil. Tampons with oil are used for 12 days, at night.
3. It is good to use a fresh infusion of St. John's wort for syringing. For 2 tablespoons of raw material, take 1 liter of boiling water, insist for 1 hour and filter.
4. For washing, douching and ingestion, the rhizome of badana is also suitable. To prepare a medicine, 3 tbsp. L. The crushed rhizomes are brewed in a saucepan with a glass of boiling water. They put on small fire and boil about twice. The use of decoction for douching or washing means that it is diluted in 300 ml of boiled water. For ingestion, take 30 drops three times daily before meals, with water.
5. Calendula tincture can be purchased in pharmacies and used to treat dysplasia and inflammatory diseases of the genital area. To prepare a solution of 4 tsp. 2% of the tincture is stirred in 200 ml of boiled warm water. Douching with this solution is carried out thrice a week (for example, every other day).

Before using alternative methods, do not forget to consult a doctor to avoid the unpleasant consequences of the disease in the future. Do not start independent treatment, especially if the final diagnosis is not yet established. This can cause irreparable harm to your health.

Pregnancy after treatment of cervical dysplasia

Most patients know that the treatment of dysplasia can lead to infertility in women. This is not quite true. In general, reproductive functionality of the uterus and cervix is preserved. Before starting treatment, it is recommended to warn the doctor that a woman in the future plans to become a mother. In this case, the doctor will choose the most appropriate and sparing method of treating the disease.

To think about planning of pregnancy it is possible already in 4 months after the termination of treatment. By this time, the cervical tissues should be fully restored.

The development of infertility is possible when the surgical procedure was carried out more than once, or with some disorders, as well as with extensive lesions of the mucous membranes. Formation on the spot pathology of scars or scars can also cause the impossibility of conceiving a child.

All questions regarding pregnancy must be resolved with the treating doctor before the treatment of the disease is prescribed, and the pregnancy of a woman who has undergone dysplasia must be under the mandatory supervision of medical specialists. This will help to avoid negative consequences: cervical ruptures, spontaneous abortion, premature birth, etc.

Dysplasia of the cervix is not a sentence, but a motivation for action, because the disease can and should be treated. Otherwise, not only the state of health of the reproductive sphere, but also the life of the woman, are threatened.

Complications after treatment of cervical dysplasia

For several weeks after cauterization of the affected areas, uninvolved brown or mucous discharge from the vaginal cavity may appear. Exceptional pain in the groin and in the pelvic area is also possible. In most cases, such signs disappear on their own, without special treatment. If the pain becomes stronger, you can take an analgesic (for example, one pill of Ibuprofen). In no case should you take aspirin and other drugs based on acetylsalicylic acid - this can exacerbate bleeding.

During 1-2 months after cauterization procedures it is not recommended:

• practice sex;
• Apply tampons (only soft pads);
• syringing;
• to bathe in a bath, take a bath;
• lifting weights, doing sports or intensive gymnastics.

It is recommended that after a period of healing, to visit the doctor again to monitor the process of convalescence.

After surgery to remove dysplasia, there may be some complications that a doctor must knowingly warn the patient about:

• disorder of the monthly cycle;
• scars and changes in the shape of the cervix;
• re-development of the disease;
• relapses of chronic diseases of the reproductive system;
• impossibility to become pregnant.

The listed consequences arise infrequently: this happens after complicated procedures, in large and deep affected areas, as well as when the patient does not follow the recommendations associated with the postoperative period.

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