Ultrasound of the arteries of the internal organs of the abdominal cavity

Where to make ultrasound of blood vessels, how to conduct diagnostics and what is the peculiarity of the study, we will consider these questions.

The arteries of the internal organs of the abdominal cavity should be examined on an empty stomach. Scanning with a full expiration gives a better picture than with a full breath. The results are documented by spectral traces, and the measured blood flow velocities are interpreted in accordance with the blood flow in the aorta. Direct scanning in color mode sometimes facilitates the visualization of small vessels, but delays real-time visualization, and circular motion of the sensor in search of vessels can increase the number of color artifacts.

The main indications for the ultrasound of vessels:

• Detection of chronic stagnation of venous blood and varicose veins.
• Diagnosis of organs and body systems.
• Observation and prevention of vascular disease.
• Diagnosis of gravity in the limbs and the appearance of vascular asterisks on the skin.

The ultrasound scanning procedure is safe and painless for the patient. With the help of ultrasonic waves it is possible to determine the features of the systemic blood flow to different organs. Particular attention is required to diagnose cerebral vessels, as a violation of blood supply leads to dizziness, high blood pressure and noise in the head. The second most important is the ultrasound of the vessels of the neck and cervical vertebrae. Vascular insufficiency in this area can lead to epileptic seizures and atherosclerosis.

Normal ultrasound picture of arteries of internal organs

With ultrasound of the arteries of the internal organs of the abdominal cavity, a combination of blue and red segments is determined, the nature of which depends on the direction of the blood flow (to the sensor or from the sensor). There may be an increase in speed in areas such as the site of the superior mesenteric artery, where the blood flows directly towards the sensor, resulting in the colors becoming brighter or even smeared. Since the site of the divergence of the superior mesenteric artery is a frequent zone of increased blood flow due to stenosis, it is necessary to carefully analyze the velocity spectrum in order to distinguish artifacts from true stenoses.

A sensor with a frequency of 5 MHz is used to examine asthenic physique patients. Greater spatial resolution and enhanced ultrasonic beam control capabilities in the case of linear sensors facilitate the visualization of structures such as the location of the inferior mesenteric artery.

Blood flow in the arteries of the internal organs of the abdominal cavity depends on the intake of food and respiratory movements. In post-meal research, the peak systolic blood flow velocity and the terminal diastolic blood flow increase, although these effects are less pronounced in the celiac trunk than, for example, in the superior mesenteric artery. The spectrum from the superior mesenteric artery on an empty stomach often has a three-phase picture, and after eating it becomes biphasic. The absence of changes in the spectrum after a test meal is of diagnostic importance.

Ultrasound signs of pathology of arteries of internal organs

Bowel ischemia

Chronic ischemia of the intestine can be asymptomatic for many years due to the development of collaterals. However, with the formation of thrombi on atherosclerotic plaques or in the case of embolism, acute ischemia may develop. Of the mesenteric vessels, most often due to its localization, the superior mesenteric artery is affected.

The differential diagnosis includes non-occlusive bowel ischemia caused by postoperative or pharmacological vasospasm, as seen with ultrasound. Ultrasound does not allow to exclude the acute occlusion of the mesenteric vessels, since it often visualizes only the places of the arteries, especially if there are flatulence and pain. If ultrasonography of the superior mesenteric artery determines a sudden drop in blood flow in the absence of spectral traces, then, in the presence of an appropriate clinical picture and laboratory data (increase in plasma lactate levels), an occlusion diagnosis should be made

Ultrasonic dopplerography helps to detect chronical ischemia of the intestine. The proximal part of the superior mesenteric artery is a site prone to stenosis, and it is easy to examine with ultrasound dopplerography. Systolic and diastolic velocities are important parameters for the quantitative assessment of stenosis.

Collaterals are often found, but digital digestive angiography is required to accurately map the circulation. The occluded superior mesenteric artery) is determined by the bright retrograde blood flow through Buhler's anastomosis.

[1], [2]

Syndrome of compression by an arcuate ligament

Patients (mostly young women) present nonspecific abdominal complaints, which usually pass on their own. This is due to the proximal compression of the celiac trunk with the feet of the diaphragm when exhaled.

Aneurysms

Aneurysms of the arteries of the internal organs of the abdominal cavity are rare and are usually found accidentally. The splenic and hepatic arteries are most often affected. Pseudoaneurysms can develop in these vessels due to tumor erosion, inflammatory processes and for other reasons.

[3], [4], [5]

Vascular prosthesis

Vascular prostheses have echogenic borders, visible in this case due to the imposition of a prosthesis on the occlusal area of the celiac trunk. Ultrasound dopplerography is a non-invasive method for detecting postoperative complications, such as aneurysm suture, failure of anastomosis and occlusion.

Where to make ultrasound of blood vessels?

Ultrasound scanning of the vascular system is necessary in order to determine the state of the vessels that supply blood to the brain, limbs and internal organs. With the help of the study, it is possible to establish the presence of atherosclerotic plaques, pathological constrictions and the state of the vessels in any part of the body.

Kiev:

• Clinic "YurinMed" - st. Miropolskaya 15B, tel. [phone].
• The network of medical clinics "Viva" - ul. Lavrukhina, 6, tel. [phone].
• ACMD-MEDOX - ul. Petropavlovskaya, 14D, tel. [phone].
• Cardiology clinic "Heart and blood vessels" - st. Zhilyanskaya, 69/71, tel. [phone].
• Diagnostic center "Omega Kiev" - st. Vladimirskaya, 81A, tel. [phone].

Moscow:

• The network of multi-profile clinics "Your Health" - ul. Profsoyuznaya, 104, tel. [phone].
• Clinic "Women's Health Center" - Kutuzovsky Avenue, 33, tel. [phone].
• The network of medical clinics "DoctorRU" - ul. Grizodubova, 2, tel. [phone].
• "Home Clinic" - Leninsky Prospect, 102, tel. [phone].
• Neuromed Clinic - Generala Kuznetsova Str. 32, building 2, tel. [phone].

St. Petersburg:

• GrandMed Clinic - ul. Marata, 25A, tel. [phone].
• Center for Clinical Neurology "TSMR" - ul. Lenskaya, 19A, tel. [phone].
• Multidisciplinary clinic "Doctor" - st. Lazo, 5, tel. [phone].
• Center for Complex Diagnostics of LDTS MIBS - ul. 6th Soviet, 24/26, tel. [phone].
• The network of clinics "Scandinavia" - Liteiny prospect, 55A, tel. [phone].