Removable dental prosthetics

In the event that one or several teeth can not be replaced by bridges and crowns, a removable denture is used. Many such a proposal can scare, memory immediately draws the false mouth of a grandmother or grandfather in a glass with water. But today dentistry has improved not only the materials from which the prosthesis is made, but also the technique. Modern orthopedics is able to provide quality care for elderly patients, whose most problems with teeth originate from negligent attitude to their work of Soviet dentists, and young people who lost their teeth, for example, as a result of trauma.

Removable denture is made according to individual measurements, therefore it delivers a minimum of inconveniences. In this case, not only the aesthetic function is restored, but also chewing, which is important, since it is well known that poorly chewed food causes disruption in the work of the entire gastrointestinal tract. Modern dentures, thanks to the durable material, the improved manufacturing techniques, are not only beautiful in appearance, but also have high strength, have good fixation, they are easy to install and remove, do not require special care.

Qualitatively manufactured removable denture is practically indistinguishable from real teeth. In addition to you and your dentist, no one will guess the secret of your smile.

[1], [2], [3]

Indications for removable dental prosthetics

The main indication in which a removable dental prosthesis is needed is the defect of a number of teeth. Such defects include loss - partial (when the root is preserved) or full chewing teeth (as a result of destruction by caries, trauma, etc.). The absence in the dentition of more than 3 teeth in a row indicates the need to install removable dentures. In addition, indications for the installation of the prosthesis are various pathological conditions of periodontal disease. Removable dental prosthetics will be the best option for patients who are prone to periodontitis in severe form. In dentistry to date, removable prosthetics is an ideal technique, based on the ratio of beauty, quality and price. In each specific case, the dentist will help to determine and choose the best option, taking into account the patient's oral cavity, his preferences and wishes, as well as financial opportunities.

Advantages of removable dental prosthetics

To date, removable dental prosthetics has a number of advantages, in comparison with prostheses of the recent past. The development of new technologies, the appearance of new materials, the improvement of professional skills suggests that modern removable orthopedic structures have aesthetic, durable, and hygienic properties. Removable prostheses have no age limit, while manufacturing takes into account the characteristics of the jaw of the patient, i.e. Manufacturing is strictly individual, to minimize discomfort when using a removable prosthesis.

Removable prostheses of the present do not require special care, are easy to handle, besides they have an almost perfect ratio of parameters aesthetics, quality, price.

The most common are the following types of removable dentures: 

1. Full plate prostheses are installed, in the case when the patient completely lacks teeth. The prosthesis is a series of artificial teeth that are located on a plate (hence the name plate). In its shape and color, the plate is completely identical to the gum. The advantage of plate prostheses lies precisely in their rigidity, since the load distribution in the oral cavity is uniform. 
2. Partial plate prostheses are installed when teeth are missing partially in the tooth row and there is no possibility of their restoration with removable structures (bridge prosthesis, crown). 
3. Clasp prosthesis is installed with partially missing teeth, if it is impossible to restore the dentition with fixed prostheses. Brugel prosthesis in its design has a light metal arc (rather than a solid wide plate), in this regard, it is perfectly fixed, retains teeth and gums due to the optimal distribution of the chewing load between the gums and supporting teeth. Brugel prosthesis worn more comfortably than the plate, so there is no need to remove it at night. Adaptation to this prosthesis occurs a little faster. Brugel prostheses are found in two types: with locking and clamping locking systems. The prosthesis with the clasps is fixed to the supporting teeth with the help of cast metal hooks - clasps. 
4. Prostheses on telescopic crowns. Such prostheses are held on the teeth with the help of a crown, which consists of two parts: a metal cap that is attached to the supporting tooth, and a crown located on the prosthesis itself. When fixing the removable structure, the two parts that fit tightly together and ensure maximum fixation of the prosthesis are combined. Prostheses with telescopic crowns can be made on a supporting tooth or on implants.

[4], [5],

Disadvantages of removable dental prosthetics

One of the main drawbacks of removable dental prosthetics can be attributed to the need to remove them every day in order to maintain hygiene of the oral cavity and prosthesis. Also worth noting is the period of getting used to the prosthesis. In each specific case, everything happens individually, here you can not say the exact time, one person will get used to a couple of days, another will need a couple of months. In the adaptation period, an additional visit to the dentist should be made, which will carry out appropriate correction of the prosthesis. Each type of removable denture has its drawbacks.

When using plate prostheses, atrophy (shrinkage) can occur from the pressure on the underlying tissues. Also, their use can lead to inflammation due to a continuous effect on the oral mucosa or carious process in the place where the clamping and the base adjoins the teeth. To that the constituent components of the prosthesis can cause allergic reactions in the oral cavity (especially the base part, made of colored plastic and almost continuously contacting the mucosa in the mouth). In this case, it is recommended to use prostheses of colorless plastic.

Clasp dentures have significantly fewer drawbacks, compared to plate braces. This is achieved through the appearance in the construction of a support clamp, fixing the prosthesis on existing teeth, locks, a smaller base area, divided into parts, which are connected by a light metal arc.

The distribution of the masticatory load by the brugal prostheses occurs between the gum and the supporting teeth. Such prostheses are used at the first stages of destruction of the dental arch, when there is no risk of functional overload. The prosthesis frame corresponds to the prosthetic bed as precisely as possible and consists of very thin parts while maintaining rigidity.

[6], [7], [8], [9],

Removable prosthesis for dental prosthetics

Removable dental prosthetics are performed by lamellar, partially-removable, clasp (arched), nylon, immedia-prostheses.

Thanks to the manufacturing technologies, the dentures are strong, easy to remove (dress), well fixed, aesthetically attractive.

Plate-shaped dentures do not externally differ from those that our grandmothers kept in a glass, but this concludes their similarity. Such prostheses are made of modern plastic, a set of teeth, clasps (hooks), impression mass, etc. Base plastic is now not only a pink shade, but can have a vascular-capillary pattern, with maximum accuracy repeating the present oral mucosa. Artificial teeth have high wear resistance, at the same time, their appearance is practically indistinguishable from the real ones.

The installation of a full plate prosthesis quite often is the only way to restore a complete absence of teeth. Fixation in the oral cavity is due to the ability to suck (it seems like attracted to each other two wet glass). The lower jaw, unfortunately, does not have such a strong effect, since the minimal support area and greater mobility do not allow the artificial jaw to adhere well, especially since the closely located tongue makes the task almost impossible. Therefore, the lower jaw is called "floating", because it is swimming, and not tightly fitting, and getting used to such a prosthesis goes much longer.

The installation of a partial plate prosthesis is possible with the loss of one or more teeth. This prosthesis is completely made of plastic (except for metal clasps). The prosthesis is light enough, but takes up a lot of space in the oral cavity and the support completely goes to the gum, all this makes it short-lived. A great option for temporary prostheses. Partial denture can be attached not only to clasps, but attachments - fastening structures that are practically not noticeable when fixed in the oral cavity. This fixation significantly increases the cost of the prosthesis.

Plate prostheses are now technologically advanced, made of high-quality modern materials, although in appearance there are few differences from their previous "colleagues".

Nylon dentures have clamps that are almost invisible to surrounding fixation, which are made of the same material as the prosthesis (and not metallic as in other prostheses). Such prostheses look very plausible at the expense of translucency under the color of the oral cavity. Nylon dentures are securely fixed in the oral cavity, have a small volume, so that the process of habituation takes place faster. When fixing the prosthesis, the supporting teeth are kept as much as possible, since during the installation of the prosthesis they are not grinded and, during the process of wearing them, they do not loosen. From time to time, the prosthesis should be cleaned with a special solution.

The advantages of such prostheses include higher strength in comparison with others, elasticity, stable fixation, lightness, wearability, maximum hygiene (it does not absorb moisture in the oral cavity, so it does not spread bacteria), beautiful appearance even after long-term operation, the process of getting used to prostheses is minimal. Nylon dentures serve both to correct a small flaw in the oral cavity (one or two teeth), and for more significant defects. There are prostheses similar to nylon: from kvadrotti (flexible plastic) and polyurethane (have a lower cost).

The clasp or arc prosthesis is radically different from the plate prosthesis. They have a more delicate structure, occupy much less space in the mouth, which makes them much more convenient and capable of densely and securely fixed in the oral cavity due to the clasps. Usually clasp prosthesis requires several supporting teeth, otherwise the cameras will not be where to fix. It is this nuance that makes it possible to make them much more accurate in volume. However, there are several points: the supporting teeth should be selected very carefully, because they are applied sufficiently high load. People with clasp prostheses are recommended not to heavily burden the jaw, otherwise the supporting teeth will quickly loosen up. The method of fastening is by means of krammer or attachments. In the second case, the prosthesis becomes almost invisible, but also by an order of magnitude more expensive.

Complete removable dental prosthetics

Complete removable dental prosthetics - involves the restoration of dental rows in the mouth, when the natural teeth (for whatever reason) could not be saved. A removable denture is attached to the gum due to its suction capacity. The full prosthesis has the shape of a curved plastic plate that covers the palate and jaw (for the upper jaw), artificial teeth are fixed on the plate. The teeth used on removable prostheses are produced in factories and are supplied in a set. Color and shape can be selected based on the individual needs and desires of the patient.

A removable denture is a gum of artificial material (basis), on which teeth are fixed. Optimal for each patient option of teeth can be selected from ready-made sets, and the color of the gum is selected as close as possible to the natural. In the manufacture of the base, pink plastic is used, in the case of manifestations of allergic reactions - a basis of colorless plastic is used. Complete prosthesis is done in the absence of your own teeth for any reason or when several teeth remain in the jaw in a relatively good condition. Such teeth are used as a kind of "locks". The fixation of the prosthesis occurs as a result of adhesion to the gum, which is why the basal area is quite large, and the prosthesis itself looks impressive. On the upper jaw prosthesis is fixed (sticks) on the upper palate.

As a material for dentures use solid plastics, such as acrylic, or soft (nylon). Solid (acrylic) dentures create an even distribution of the load on the gum, which allows chewing the food. Soft prostheses made of nylon are too flexible, so their use in full prosthetics is not common.

In the process of manufacturing a full-row dental prosthesis of any kind of plastic, first of all, make casts, cast the base, attach teeth from the individually selected set to the base, and then adjust to the jaw of the patient. The technique of manufacturing an acrylic prosthesis is simpler - with the help of a well-known method among dentists, injection molding. For dense fixation, this prosthesis occupies a wide area in the oral cavity. That is why the process of getting used to the prosthesis is delayed, and people with high gag reflexes sometimes can not adapt to such a prosthesis and must abandon it, replacing it with another. Nylon prosthesis is much smaller and more comfortable to wear, but in the manufacturing process requires sophisticated equipment and skilled employees.

In orthopedics, removable dentures of a full row of teeth made of acrylic are popular. The base here looks like a plate corresponding to the contour of the gum, hence the corresponding name - plate. In the manufacture of acrylic plate prostheses are fairly simple, they do not cost much - which makes them affordable and widely used. Since recently, orthopedic dentistry began to use complete removable dentures made of nylon. The bases in them are elastic, due to which they are better kept on the jaws. But, nevertheless, most dentists prefer plate-like dentures, which cope with the chewing function much better, just because of their stiffness. Today, in the prosthetics of teeth, approaches have changed somewhat. If earlier it was thought that prosthetics should be done only in extreme cases, now the high strength and aesthetics of the designs radically changed the views of dentists on this problem.

To improve the fixation of the denture, you can use the special means that the modern market abounds today, and there is always the possibility of a suitable tool for you.

Care for removable dentures is exactly the same as for natural teeth. It is necessary to remove the prosthesis from time to time and cleanse the remains of food. Ideally, you need to do this after each snack, but it's enough if you do it twice a day - in the morning and in the evening. Whether to leave a removable denture for the night or to take it depends on the patient's desire, there are no special requirements here. Also, patients with removable dentures should follow the diet: do not eat foods with a viscous structure, in particular, reduce the consumption of solid foods, give up chewing gum, toffee and the like. It is also necessary to protect the prosthesis from chemical and mechanical damage. In no case can you self-saw or polish them. If defects are found (chips, cracks), you should stop using the prosthesis and contact the dentist. Do not forget that you need to undergo examinations twice a year at the dentist, even if you do not have any problems with the prosthesis.

[10], [11], [12], [13],

Prices of removable dental prosthetics

The formation of the price of a denture includes the cost of materials (mounts, gums, teeth, etc.) and the complexity of the work. For example, removable dental prosthetics from plastic will be much cheaper than nylon. Also, two prostheses from one material can have a different price - a set of teeth, types of fastenings, etc. Are taken into account. The cost of prosthetics on implants depends on the price of the screws that were required for prosthetics, plus the work of the doctor. In any case, only after a preliminary consultation with the dentist, and discussing all possible options for prosthetics, taking into account the state of your jaw, your preferences and financial possibilities, you can talk about the estimated cost.

Removable dental prosthetics are sometimes the only way to regain not only a beautiful smile, but also to restore chewing function, no less important for human health. If at least one tooth is missing in the mouth, it can lead to deformation of the jaw: adjacent teeth begin to fill themselves with empty space, overlapping with each other. To that poor-quality chewing food can lead to disruption of the stomach, pancreas, gallbladder, liver. Prosthetics not only restore aesthetics and chewing function, but also protects the jaw from further destruction.