Whitewash

Representatives of this genus are characterized by a special body structure. Due to the filamentous part, the vaginal head easily penetrates into the esophagus. There he begins his pernicious activities.

Structure of the sycamore

The worm got its name not by chance. The fact is that his body has a special structure. So, its first part resembles a thin thread or hair, but to the posterior end sharply thickens. This is due to the fact that the threadlike section contains only the mouth and the long esophagus. The remaining organs are located in the rear of the thickened part. Such a unique structure allows the slag to quickly penetrate the human intestine. They stick to the blood vessels and drink blood.

In appearance, they resemble worms of white color. Their length does not exceed 5 cm. From other intestinal worms, vaginal heads differ in their posterior part, because it is much larger than the anterior one. This is a very interesting and atypical structure. Thanks to a thin head, a man gently slides the thin walls of the cecum with a needle. The rear part just hangs down. The lifespan of the parasite is very rarely 5 years.

Life cycle

Vlasoglav is able to produce an incredible number of eggs per day. Their number reaches 60 000 pieces. They stand out in the lumen of the intestine and go out together with all the feces. They have a barrel-like shape with a peculiar cork, which is located on each of the poles. The stage of formation of the larva occurs without an intermediate host. In wet soil, eggs begin to develop into the larva, at a temperature of 30 degrees. In a month, it becomes invasive, but the life cycle of the parasite does not end there.

Once the larva enters the large intestine, the development cycle continues. After a few weeks in the human body there are already mature worms. After the development of the embryo is completed, the parasite is attached to the intestinal mucosa due to its filiform part. For the period of penetration into the intestine from development takes about 3 months.

Eggs of the Whipworm

They resemble in their form a lemon, which has cork at all poles. So, the eggs of the vagal head have a simple life cycle. The fertilized female is able to lay eggs right in the human intestine. Then, together with the feces, everything gradually comes out. This leads to a risk of infection among other people.

The development of larvae occurs from eggs, but only in the external environment. Nothing happens in the human body. Optimum conditions for development should include a special temperature regime, no more than 30 degrees of heat. The appearance of the larvae takes about 4 weeks. The whip-head does not have an intermediate host.

The parasites themselves penetrate the human body through dirty hands, water and unwashed vegetables. People who fertilize the soil in the garden with manure are exposed to infection. Eggs enter the intestine and gradually reach the cecum, where they begin to turn into mature individuals. In the human body, the parasite is able to live about 5 years.

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Withered larva

The rhabditic larvae begin to develop only under favorable conditions. For this, the temperature regime must be observed. The optimal temperature for the development of the larva is 28-30 degrees. The egg becomes contagious after 28 days.

Observations of the parasite have shown that by the 41st day maturation occurs only by 19%. For this, too, certain conditions must be observed. The optimum temperature regime is 22 degrees. If you raise the temperature to 30 degrees, then the ripening will be more rapid and by 41 days will be 64%.

For the invasive larva of the parasite is characterized by the presence of dry mouth. Developed larvae can remain alive under the membrane for several months. Eggs are opened only after they enter the human body. When the larvae are released, they begin to settle in their typical places of existence. At the same time, migration to the human body is not observed.

Infection with sycamore

The source of the invasion is the infected person. After all, it is with feces that eggs of the parasite enter the environment. The mechanism of infection with vaginal head is fecal-oral. It is enough to swallow the eggs of the parasite to get infected. It is found on dirty vegetables, fruits and water. Most often, the parasite affects fruits and vegetables that are grown in gardens and gardens, with soil fertilized with feces.

The risk of infection through common household items with the patient is almost impossible. Because there are no specific conditions for their development. The peak of activity of the whipworm is observed in the spring-autumn period. Falling into the soil in autumn, the parasite reaches the invasive stage only by the spring of next year.

The most vulnerable to infection are children between the ages of one and fourteen. In general, people of any age can suffer. In recent years, it has become known that parasites of dogs can penetrate the human body.

Diseases that are caused by sycamore

Vlasoglavy can lead to the development of the disease Trichocephalus. For this pathology is characterized by asymptomatic course. If a severe invasion is observed, then gastrointestinal disturbances manifest themselves. Trichocephalosis is the only disease that causes swallowing. This disease is common in tropical and subtropical areas. Most often it occurs among children.

In severe form of the disease, abdominal pain manifests itself, appetite is significantly reduced, diarrhea with impurities of mucus or blood is observed. The course of the disease is similar to nonspecific ulcerative colitis. The development of the parasite in the body occurs during 3 months. The life span of the whipworms is several years.

The introduction and fixation of the parasite in the intestinal mucosa leads to the formation of edema and hemorrhages. This contributes to the defeat of microflora by bacteria. Long-term irritation causes systematic disorders of the functionality of the stomach, duodenum and central nervous system. A special role is played by the allergic component.

When parasitizing a large number of withered heads, diarrhea, a stool with an admixture of mucus and blood can develop. Changes in the digestive and nervous system are possible. Patients often complain of pain in the side, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea and strong salivation. Acidity of the stomach may increase, insomnia and irritability are noted.

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Symptoms

In the early phase of development of slagheads, no signs appear. Most often, the infestation is subclinical. With intensive infestation, the first symptoms begin to manifest themselves one and a half months after infection. The gastrointestinal tract begins to suffer.

Patients suffer from a decrease in appetite, they have nausea, often vomiting. There may be abnormalities on the part of the digestive system, often there are diarrhea, constipation and flatulence. The pain is strong, it has a spasmodic course, manifests itself in the right ileal region.

In some cases, the development of appendicitis. Most often isolated tiflitis is treated as chronic appendicitis. If the syndrome is too severe, severe hemocolitis or prolapse of the rectum can be observed.

Severe intoxication contributes to sleep disturbance, the appearance of a headache, a decrease in working capacity. Some children may experience seizures. In the hemogram, moderate or significant eosinophilia is observed. In severe disease, anemia may develop.

Diagnostics

The first step is to give a general blood test. In her research, mild eosinophilia and hypochromic anemia are found. The degree of their completely depends on the intensity and duration of the presence of parasites in the human body. Another method of diagnosis is the study of faeces for the presence of parasites in them. Enrichment methods increase the effectiveness of research. And they need to be carried out in a certain order.

The presence of infection is indicated by some basic signs. So, there is an epidemiological anamnesis. It implies frequent consumption of vegetables and fruits that were grown in their own garden with the use of fertilizers. Periodic pain of paroxysmal nature, for which the increase of leukocytes is not typical, may indicate the presence of infection. An unstable stool, a persistent course of the disease, the treatment of which does not lead to relief, indicates a parasitic lesion. Pale skin and mucous membranes is also a symptom of the disease. Therefore, the diagnosis is made after the examination of a person, the collection of anamnesis and the study of blood and feces.

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Treatment

Elimination of the disease should occur in several stages. The first step is to organize organizational and operational measures. Apply them in a hospital. The main indications for hospitalization include diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, as well as lesions of the nervous system. But this is only the first stage of qualitative treatment.

The second stage is presented by antiparasitic therapy. To do this, use drugs such as Vermox, Quantar and Diphezil. Use them you need one tablet a day for an hour before eating. The third stage includes medical therapy. It includes the use of B vitamins, as well as iron preparations. To restore the functionality of the intestines prescribe probiotics. To help spasmalytics do not resort, they can lead to difficulties in diagnosis.

Control of treatment is carried out with the help of special coproscopic studies. It is necessary to conduct them 4 weeks after the end of the course of treatment. If the effect is not observed, then it is necessary to conduct therapy with other drugs.

Clinical examination is carried out for 2 years, but at the same time it is necessary to conduct a study at least 3 times. It is worth noting that clinical examination is possible only after a complete cure.

Treatment with tablets

Vermox is the most effective treatment for parasites. Analgesics are also used, including Diphezil. A wonderful effect gives Medamin and Naftamon. In fact, tablets are the most effective treatment.

• Vermox. The drug is applied once, just one tablet per day is enough. Duration of application - 3 days. As a preventive measure, the remedy should be used again after 2 weeks. Use the drug is not necessary for hypersensitivity, as well as children under 2 years of age. May lead to the development of dyspeptic disorders, allergic reactions.
• Diphezil. The drug is applied 3 times a day for one tablet. The course of treatment is 5 days. Use the product is not necessary for liver failure and hypersensitivity. May cause nausea and vomiting.
• Medamin. The dose is calculated based on 10 mg per kilogram of weight. The dose should be divided into 3 doses. Duration of use is prescribed by the doctor. It can not be used for individual intolerance and during the period of bearing a child. May cause general weakness and nausea.
• Naftamon. The drug is used in a large dosage, up to 10 tablets per day. Duration of use is 5 days. If necessary, the treatment is repeated after 2 weeks. It should not be taken if the liver function is impaired. Can lead to nausea, vomiting and frequent stools.

Treatment with alternative means

Alternative medicine has managed to prepare several effective recipes for this case. All of them are based on the use of various substances that have a harmful effect on parasites. Despite this, treatment with alternative drugs should be done with caution.

During the fight with vagabodies, it is recommended to adhere to vegetarian food. The diet without meat and other livestock products will undermine the strength of parasites. This will weaken them and allow us to proceed with the rapid removal.

Alternative medicine recommends resorting to enemas based on garlic and milk. In a glass of milk should boil the head of garlic. After that everything is filtered and cooled. The volume of enema for an adult is one glass, for a child - half or a quarter of the vessel.

An effective way to get rid of parasites is to use infusion from onions. For its preparation, it is necessary to grind the middle bulb and pour it with a glass of boiling water. The procedure is best done after 7 pm and instruct the remedy until 7 am. Then it is filtered and drunk on an empty stomach for half a glass. Duration of treatment is 4 days. Perfectly helps to cope with the problem of eating raw carrots and fresh juice from it. The melon juice has a similar effect.

Prevention

Preventive measures should be carried out on the same principles as against infection with ascarids. To do this, you must always keep clean. You can not eat with dirty hands, eat unboiled vegetables and fruits. Especially in the case if all the fruits are grown in their own garden with the use of human feces as fertilizer. In addition, prevention includes the use of exclusively boiled water. The crude liquid can contain the eggs of the whipworm.

It is worth noting that a temperature of 52 degrees of heat is capable of killing a large number of eggs of whipworms. It is enough to hold fruits and vegetables in water of such temperature for 5 minutes. There are no other preventive measures. You just have to comply with all the rules of general hygiene. Through common objects the parasite is not transmitted, so if someone in the family gets sick, special conditions for its existence should not be created. It is enough just to resort to effective treatment.

Forecast

If the treatment was started on time, nothing terrible can happen. In most cases, the forecast is favorable. If intensive invasion develops, complications may occur. The most severe consequence is the manifestation of anemia.

The prognosis depends entirely on the person himself. As soon as the main symptoms are noted, you should immediately seek help from a doctor. Proper treatment is the guarantor of a favorable prognosis.

Cases with an adverse outcome was not observed. In some cases, a person's serious condition may develop. It is associated with a large content of parasites in the body. This can lead to intoxication of the body. All this can be corrected with the help of a special treatment, which was described above. The person should be registered and for 3 years to be observed in the dispensary. This will achieve maximum positive effect.