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Violation of posture in children: causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment
Last reviewed: 18.10.2021
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Posture is the habitual position of the body of a person who is at ease. For a correct or physiological posture, the symmetrical arrangement of the shoulder girdle, shoulder blades, wings and pelvic lobes, as well as other prominent bony landmarks of the human body, is characteristic.
The axis of the spine coincides with the plumb line. When viewed from the side, the physiological curves of the spine are noted, which are formed as the child's motor development progresses: holding the head, sitting, standing and walking - cervical and lumbar lordosis, in the thoracic region - moderately pronounced kyphosis.
Violation of posture in children is noted both in the frontal (when viewed from the front and from behind), and in the sagittal plane (when viewed from the side).
What causes discomfort in children?
Causes of disorders of posture may be various adverse factors leading to a decrease in muscle tone: poorly developed musculature of the back and abdomen, constitutional features of the structure of the skeleton, the effects of somatic diseases, poor eyesight or hearing, eating and sleeping disorders. In addition, the following matters are important: discrepancy of the working table, schoolchildren's age and height, soft bed, the stereotype of the wrong sitting posture, imitation of the wrong posture of others, etc. In violation of posture, structural changes in the skeleton and bone tissue of the vertebrae are not detected.
Where does it hurt?
Types of violation of posture in children?
In children, there is often a violation of posture in the frontal plane. The term was proposed in the Research Children's Orthopedic Institute. G.I. Turner. When examining the child in the frontal plane (ie Front and back), note the asymmetry of the shoulder girdle, shoulder blades, lateral deviation of the spine. These signs are also characteristic for the disease of the spine - scoliosis. However, if there is a violation of the posture in the frontal plane, there are no cardinal scoliosis symptoms caused by abnormal rotation of the spine: clinically there is no evidence of a rib hump and muscle cushion in the lumbar region, there is no evidence of torsion radiographically, and the projection of the vertebra arches on both sides is symmetrical. Most often, violations of posture are revealed during periods of "growth spikes" - at the age of 6-7 years and in the puberty period.
Disorders of posture in the sagittal plane - stoop, round back, round-concave and flat back - are manifested by changing the physiological curves of the spine and are diagnosed when examining the child in front and side.
What do need to examine?
How to examine?
Treatment of violation of posture in children?
Identified in the child's violation of posture require periodic observation from a pediatrician or orthopedist. It is necessary to find out and eliminate the cause of abnormal posture, appoint a child a rational diet, the regime of the day and walks, restorative massage, therapeutic gymnastics for the formation of a healthy posture and strengthening of the muscular corset. Good results in the formation of correct posture are given by swimming and playing sports.