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Venography

 
, medical expert
Last reviewed: 06.07.2025
 
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Venography can be performed using direct and indirect methods.

In direct venography, a contrast agent is introduced into the blood by venipuncture or venosection, in some cases using catheterization using the Seldinger method.

Indirect contrasting of veins is carried out in one of three ways:

  1. by introducing a contrast agent into the arteries, from which it reaches the veins through the capillary system (in other words, they use the venous phase of arteriography to obtain an image of the veins);
  2. injection of contrast agent into the bone marrow space, from which it enters the corresponding veins;
  3. by introducing a contrast agent into the organ parenchyma through a puncture, which will show the veins that drain blood from the organ in question on the images.

In this way, for example, an image of the splenic and portal veins is obtained by injecting a contrast agent into the parenchyma of the spleen (splenoportography).

There are a number of special indications for venography: chronic thrombophlebitis, thromboembolism, post-thrombophlebitic changes in veins, suspected abnormal development of venous trunks, various venous blood flow disorders, including those due to venous valve insufficiency, venous injury, conditions after surgical interventions on veins.

At the end of phlebography, isotonic sodium chloride solution is injected into the vein. The puncture site is pressed with the index finger. After the bleeding has stopped, an aseptic bandage is applied. If pain appears along the vein, the body temperature rises and the limb becomes pasty, the leg is elevated, a bandage with balsamic liniment according to A.V. Vishnevsky is applied and heparin is drip-injected intravenously - 5000 U in 250 ml of isotonic sodium chloride solution. The limb is tightly bandaged.

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