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Venography
Last reviewed: 20.11.2021
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Venography can be performed in direct and indirect ways.
With direct venography, a contrast agent is injected into the blood by venipuncture or venous section, in some cases using Seldinger's catheterization.
Indirect contrasting of veins is carried out in one of three ways:
- the introduction of a contrast medium into the arteries, from which it reaches the veins through the capillary system (in other words, the venous phase of arteriography is used to obtain images of veins);
- injection of a contrast medium into the medullary space from which it enters the corresponding veins;
- the introduction of a contrast agent into the parenchyma of the organ by puncture, while the images show veins that divert blood from this organ.
Thus, for example, an image of the splenic and portal veins is obtained, introducing a contrast agent into the parenchyma of the spleen (splenoportography).
There are a number of special indications for venography: chronic thrombophlebitis, thromboembolism, post-thrombophlebitic vein changes, suspicion of an anomaly in the development of venous trunks, various disorders of venous blood flow, including lack of valve veins, wounds, postoperative vein conditions.
At the end of phlebography, an isotonic solution of sodium chloride is injected into the vein. Place the puncture with your index finger. After stopping bleeding, apply an aseptic bandage. If there is pain along the veins, the body temperature rises and the pastosity of the limb sets in, the foot is given an elevated position, a bandage is made with a balsamic liniment according to A.V. Vishnevsky and intravenously drip into the heparin - 5000 units in 250 ml of isotonic sodium chloride solution. Produce a tight bandage of the limb.