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Tumors of the orbit in children
Last reviewed: 23.04.2024
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Various vascular tumors can be localized in the orbit. In children the following neoplasms are most often encountered.
Capillary hemangioma
The most common tumor of the orbit, occurring in childhood. Girls are more likely than boys. A characteristic feature is the possibility of spontaneous regression. Clinical symptoms of capillary hemangioma:
- most often localized in the upper eyelid or in the orbit;
- During the first months of the child's life, the tumor is characterized by rapid growth, followed by a slow regression period;
- exophthalmos;
- amblyopia is usually caused by anisometropia, and sometimes - by strabismus or deprivation (as a result of pronounced ptosis).
Capillary hemangioma of the anterior part of the orbit and upper eyelid. Neoplasm tends to progress
Since spontaneous regression is observed in almost all cases, treatment is prescribed only with the threat of developing amblyopia.
[1], [2], [3], [4], [5], [6], [7],
Hemangiopericytoma
A rare tumor originating from adventitious cells (Rouget cells). Usually occurs in adulthood. It is characterized by invasive growth and is capable of forming distant metastases. The most typical clinical manifestation is the increasing exophthalmos.
Lymphogemangioma
Vascular neoplasm, often develops in childhood. Differential diagnosis with hemangioma is difficult. However, unlike capillary hemangioma, the tumor is not prone to either progression or spontaneous regression. Neoplasm can be superficially located, and can be localized in the depth of the orbit, manifesting itself as exophthalmos. As long as the functions remain high, surgical intervention is not indicated.
Congenital varicose veins of the orbit
Without carrying out contrasting orbital vasography, it is difficult to differentiate this pathology with lymphangioma. Varicose veins manifest themselves as recurrent hemorrhages and suddenly appearing, rapidly increasing exophthalmos. At mild degrees, exophthalmos are limited to conservative treatment.