Treatment of vegetative-vascular dystonia

An important place in the treatment of children with vegetative-vascular dystonia should be assigned to individual rational psychotherapy. The results of treatment of children with vegetative-vascular dystonia are largely determined by the depth of contact with the doctor.

Treatment of vegetative-vascular dystonia should begin with the normalization of the regimen of the day, while ordering the physical and mental loads of the child. Mental and emotional stress is well eliminated by physical exercises (swimming, skiing, skating, cycling, dosed walking, table tennis, badminton). Not only children, but also their parents should understand that the main thing in the treatment of vegetative-vascular dystonia belongs to the normalization of the daily routine and the optimization of physical activity, the main components of a healthy lifestyle. It is necessary that the child was in the fresh air every day for at least 2-3 hours. It is very important that night sleep last 8-10 hours. At the same time, you should limit the viewing of television broadcasts to 1 hour per day. Classes with a computer should be dosed taking into account the state and age of the child.

A teenager with vegeto-vascular dystonia should receive adequate nutrition with sufficient amounts of minerals and vitamins, salt should be limited, food should not be overeaten, and hypercaloric foods should be avoided. In complex therapy of vegetative-vascular dystonia should include such water procedures as swimming, circular shower, medical baths. Shown acupuncture, massage, exercise therapy and sanatorium treatment.

Treatment of children with autonomic dystonia should be carried out in a complex, long-term, taking into account the age, form and stage of the disease. Success largely depends on the timeliness and adequacy of the therapy. Along with the general effect, the correlation of the leading morbid manifestations - syndromes (arrhythmias, hypertension, arterial dyskinesias, etc.) is also assumed, which are the facade of the disease and the subject of special anxiety of the patient and his relatives. Taking into account children's age, especially in cases of a non-rash course of the disease, preference should be given to non-medicamentous ways of correction combined with general-regime and psychotherapeutic measures.

Non-pharmacological treatment of vegetative-vascular dystonia

1. Observance of the regime of the day: morning exercises, alternation of mental load with physical exercises and walks for at least 2-3 hours a day; watching TV should not exceed 1-1.5 hours a day; night sleep not less than 8-10 hours; a short rest during the day (15-20 min) is useful.
2. Physical education, sports, therapeutic gymnastics: with a pronounced clinic, especially in the course of the crisis, do not recommend sports, participation in competitions. Given the pathogenic effect of hypokinesia, complete release of children with autonomic dystonia from physical education is not recommended. The most favorable action is enjoyed by swimming, skiing, skating, biking, outdoor games (badminton, table tennis), dosed walking, hiking.
3. Compliance with certain dietary measures: restrict salt, fatty meat, flour products, sweets, increase the intake of potassium and magnesium salts (buckwheat, oatmeal, millet, soy, beans, peas, apricots, peaches, dogrose, dried apricots, raisins, zucchini, beets, carrots, aubergines, onions, lettuce, parsley, nuts), consumption of polyunsaturated fatty acids (sunflower, corn, olive oil).
4. Massage massage: massage of the spine and cervical-neck zone is recommended, segmental, with hypotension - massage of the lower extremities, abdomen; on a course of 15-20 procedures.
5. Reflexotherapy: the course is 10-13 procedures, which are performed daily or at intervals of 1-2 days.
6. Physiotherapeutic methods: in the treatment of vegetative dystonia in sympathic-tonic type, the use of known procedures with sedative, hypotensive, antispasmodic effect is justified. For this purpose, galvanization, diathermy of the sinocarotid zone, Vermel's electrophoresis or collar technique of 5% sodium bromide solution, 4% magnesium sulfate solution, 2% euphyllin solution, 1% papaverine solution are shown for this purpose. In vegeto-dystonia with predominance of vagotonia, electrophoresis of 5% calcium chloride solution, 1% caffeine solution, ephedrine, mezaton according to the collar method or the method of Shcherbak's reflexes, general ultraviolet irradiation in gradually increasing doses (from V4 to 2 biodosomes) 20 procedures. To stimulate the function of the adrenal cortex, DMA therapy is prescribed. Of the adrenal gland (TIX - CIV). In mixed-type vegeto-dystonia for normalizing effects on the limbic-reticular complex, electrophoresis of 1% novocaine solution and 0.2% potassium iodide solution is used according to the ocular-occipital technique and endonasal electrophoresis of a 2% solution of novocaine. These procedures alternate every other day.

Effective in childhood, the technique of electrosleep is used for ophthalmic-occipital technique with a duration of 20-40 minutes a day or 2 days in a row and 1 day break; on the course of treatment 10-14 procedures. With a sympathetic-tonic tone, a pulse frequency of 10 Hz is used, with a predominance of vagotonia of 100 Hz. Given the inhibitory effect of the magnetic field on the central nervous system, pronounced antiarrhythmic and hypotensive action, an alternating magnetic field is applied to the collar region.

Water procedures are shown: common coniferous and radon baths are used for vagotonia, carbonate, sulfamide - with sympathicotonia. To stabilize the vascular tone, turpentine baths, Charcot's shower, fan and circular shower are recommended. At home use douche, wiping, contrast shower with subsequent rubbing hard towel, salt-coniferous, foam baths. 7. Psychotherapy: in children with vegeto-dystonia on a residual-organic background, psychotherapy is limited to a hypnotic sleep-rest according to K. K. Platonov and is combined with medication. If the leading etiological factor is psychogenic factors, both rational and group psychotherapy is shown; both types of treatment are aimed at correcting the personality characteristics, shifting the emphasis in the system of relations towards maximum socialization, the education of adequate responses.

Medicamentous treatment of vegetative-vascular dystonia

When prescribing drug treatment, the smallest number of individually selected drugs should be used in the age-related dose, with the continuation of non-drug therapy and lifestyle adjustments. Psychopharmacotherapy includes sedatives: preparations of valerian, hawthorn, motherwort; collection of herbs - valerian, motherwort, hawthorn, sage, ledum, St. John's wort.

Tranquilizers, antidepressants and antipsychotics are used taking into account age, preferably in minimal doses (in the absence of effect from other methods of treatment).

Psychostimulants appointed with severe hypotension, vagotonia, bradycardia, depressive disorders. Preference is given to preparations from vegetable raw materials (tincture of magnolia vine, ginseng, zamanichi, aralia, eleutherococcus extract, rhodiola extract), which can be combined with sydnokarb, injections of duplex. Small doses of Seduxen, Frenolone also have a stimulating effect, which should be used, given their basic, anxiolytic effect.

Neurometabolic stimulants (cerebroprotectors) are indicated for children with pronounced manifestations of autonomic dystonia, functional somatic pathology, residual organic changes in the central nervous system. Assign nootropil (piracetam), encephabol (pyriditol), pantogam, etc.

With intracranial hypertension, courses of diacarb, glycerol, diuretic herbs are recommended. To improve microcirculation appoint Trental, Cavinton, Stateron. From other remedies with sympathicotonia, potassium preparations, vitamins B1, E are used, with vagotonia - preparations of calcium, phosphorus, vitamins Vb, pyridoxalphosphate. According to the indications prescribe resorption therapy - lidazu, biyohinol.

Treatment of vegetative paroxysms is carried out according to general rules in minimum age dosages of drugs, preferably in combination with psychotherapeutic methods.

Prevention of vegetative-vascular dystonia

Preventive maintenance should begin with non-medicinal measures - normalization of the regime of the day, nutrition, walking outdoors, water procedures. Prevention of vegetative-vascular dystonia is possible only with its early diagnosis, determined long before the appearance of complaints of the child. Prevention is based on a healthy lifestyle. Optimization of physical activity and balanced rational nutrition with low calorie and antisclerotic orientation are the main components of prophylaxis of vegetative-vascular dystonia and other diseases, especially cardiovascular diseases.