Symptoms of various types of bronchopneumonia

There are several forms of inflammation, each of which is distinguished by its symptoms, pathogen and course, we will consider the main types of bronchopneumonia.

Morphological:

• Pneumococcal is the most common form, which is characterized by the formation of foci associated with bronchioles. Inflammatory foci contain fibrinous exudate.
• Staphylococcal - occurs in 5-10% of cases. Develops after the flu, pharyngitis. Slope to necrosis and suppuration of alveolar septa. Often leads to the development of purulent pleurisy, acute abscesses, cysts, pneumatology.
• Streptococcal - this type accounts for 11-13% of cases of the disease. It arises because of hemolytic streptococcus groups A and B. It affects the lower lobes of the lungs. Foci of inflammation contain serous-leukocyte exudate with a pronounced interstitial component.
• Intestinal bacillus - the hematogenous pathogen enters the respiratory system. This occurs with infections of the urinary tract, gastrointestinal tract, after surgical interventions. The defeat is bilateral, accompanied by foci of necrosis and hemorrhagic exudate.
• Pseudomonas aeruginosa - with aspiration infection develops inflammation with pleurisy and abscess formation. The mortality of patients with this form is 50%.
• Fungal infection (most often fungi of the genus Candida) - foci of inflammation have different sizes with the accumulation of eosinophils and polymorphonuclear leukocytes. Possible the formation of cavity decay, in which it is easy to identify the filament of the fungus. Inflammation is accompanied by fibrosis.

According to the extent of damage and the nature of the course, these forms of bronchopneumonia are distinguished:

• Single and double sided.
• Focal - affects a small area of the lung.
• Drainage - the fusion of small foci of inflammation into the vast.
• Shared or croupier - affects the whole segment.
• Segmental - captures one or more segments.
• The total - inflammatory process affects the entire organ.

In terms of severity, the inflammatory process is: mild, moderate, severe and extremely severe.

Right-sided bronchopneumonia

A high concentration of bacteria in the projection of the pulmonary field on the right causes inflammation. Right-sided bronchopneumonia is localized from the left side of the lungs. This is due to the fact that the main bronch goes obliquely from the top to the bottom, which provokes the throwing of harmful microorganisms into the lower parts of the lung and the accumulation of a large number of infections in one place. Treatment is complex, as microbes multiply much faster than they die, and there is a weak blood circulation of the bronchial tree.

The causes of damage can be - viruses, fungi, bacteria and physical factors. They provoke a painful symptomatology: cough, weakness, increased fatigue and sweating, shortness of breath, separation of sputum and increase in leukocytes in the blood. Most often, the disease occurs as a result of streptococcal infection. Pneumococcal infection can cause death, as with bilateral damage.

For diagnosis, radiography is used in lateral and direct projections. This makes it possible to identify the infiltrative focus, to assess its location, size, and monitor the dynamics of pathological changes in the background of therapy. Treatment is done with antibiotics. Defeat must be removed as soon as possible. Since the anatomical structure of the bronchial tree causes a rapid multiplication of bacteria and a high incidence of relapse due to poor or late treatment.

Left-sided bronchopneumonia

The inflammatory process on the left side of the chest is a common disease that can occur as a result of a cold. Left-sided bronchopneumonia is rightfully considered one of the most dangerous and serious ailments, since the mortality rate is 5%.

Signs of malaise:

• Pain in the chest area on the left side (worn with a nagging character, intensifies with deep inspiration and weakens when the chest is squeezed)
• Cough with discharge of sputum with veins of pus and blood
• Increased fever and chills
• Intoxication of the body
• Dyspnea
• Increased weakness
• Headaches and dizziness

In some cases, the disease is asymptomatic, that is, it takes an atypical form. This adversely affects the prognosis of recovery, since without timely diagnosis and treatment, there are many serious complications for life. For the detection of pathology, an X-ray, bronchoscopy, a laboratory analysis of sputum and blood are used.

As therapy, antibiotics of the second and third generation (levofloxacin, cephalosporin, amoxicillin) are used. Inflammatory processes are eliminated by strengthening the immune system. For these purposes, use of vitamin therapy, exercise therapy, a full balanced diet.

Two-sided bronchopneumonia

Malicious microorganisms that damage the organs of the respiratory system, leave an imprint on the work of the whole organism, causing failures and disturbances in its work. Bilateral bronchopneumonia is a serious and dangerous disease, which without proper treatment can lead to death.

Its main cause is viruses and other pathogens. Such factors as: frequent colds, hypothermia, disturbed rhythm of life, chronic diseases, hypovitaminosis and allergy, significantly weaken the protective properties of immunity, provoking the development of the disease.

Symptoms:

• Heat is a sharp jump in body temperature, which is difficult to remove by antipyretics.
• Severe headaches and migraines.
• Pain in the chest, which intensifies with a deep breath.
• Increased sweating and shortness of breath.
• Cough with separation of sputum with an unpleasant smell with pus and blood.
• Pale or cyanotic skin tone, rashes on the face.

Treatment is long and complicated. The patient is prescribed a medicamentous complex, the composition of which depends on the neglect of the pathological process and the age of the patient. As a rule, antibiotics, antihistamines and anti-inflammatories, vitamins are used. To achieve a stable therapeutic effect, physiotherapy is used.

Bronchopneumonia in children

In children's pathology, among various diseases, a special place is occupied by respiratory tract injuries. Bronchopneumonia in children under two years is 85% of all diseases of the respiratory system. At the older age - from 2-10 years, it is less common, but has a longer course.

The main pathogens bronchopneumonia:

• Newborns (up to 3 weeks of life) - group B Streptococcus, Listeriamonocytogenes, cytomegalovirus, gram-negative bacilli.
• Up to three months - most often this is a viral infection (ARVI, parainfluenza virus, influenza), Bordetellapertussis, Streptococcuspneumoniae, Staphylococcusaureus.
• Up to four years - patients of this age group are susceptible to Group A streptococci, various viral infections, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Mycoplasmapneumoniae.
• From 5 to 15 years - Chlamydiapneumoniae, Streptococcuspneumoniae, Mycoplasmapneumoniae.

The main symptoms are manifested as: severe cough, intoxication, fever, headaches, shortness of breath, wheezing with breathing, leukocytosis, pallor of the skin, palpitations. In rare cases, the disease proceeds without fever and cough.

If the disease has a mild form, then the treatment is outpatient. The thing is that the pockets of pneumonia in patients of childhood can easily resolve themselves. This is due to the good contractility of the lungs and the abundance of lymphatic vessels in this organ. If the disorder has a severe form or recurs, the baby is prescribed medication. Parents of the child must provide the sick with bed rest and plenty of drink. Particular attention should be paid to the therapeutic diet and physiotherapy procedures to strengthen the body.

[1], [2], [3], [4], [5], [6]

Acute bronchopneumonia

The disease affecting the walls of bronchioles, accompanied by severe symptoms, indicates an acute pathological process. Acute bronchopneumonia develops rapidly and extremely rarely. Most often it occurs in patients of a young age and occurs against the background of such ailments as: inflammation of the trachea and bronchi or bronchitis. It is difficult to diagnose it, since in the secondary form, the symptomatology is smeared and similar to the signs of primary lesion.

At first, there is a very high fever, increased weakness, headaches and cough. In addition, there may be pain in the chest, rapid breathing. The ailment can be caused by streptococcal infection, E. Coli and Staphylococcus aureus. Bacteria penetrate the parenchyma of the lungs, causing inflammation. This leads to the fact that the alveoli are filled with exudates or pus. Part of the airspace is lost, it is difficult for the patient to breathe. Isolation of one or several parts of the body is possible.

Treatment involves bed rest and plenty of drinking. The patient is prescribed a complex of antibiotics and drugs to strengthen the immune system. To restore normal operation of the bronchi receive expectorants. In therapy, auxiliary methods are also used: physical therapy, mustard, ozocerite and other means.

[7], [8], [9], [10],

Chronic bronchopneumonia

Without proper or timely treatment, almost all diseases recur and cause a number of complications. Chronic bronchopneumonia arises from the complication of its acute form. The etiology of the disease is similar to the primary, that is, the causative agent is a pathogenic microflora: streptococci, pneumococci, staphylococcus, a decreased immune system, chronic bronchitis and much more.

Chronic flow is characterized by broncho-ectazy, which can appear because of previous bronchitis. Because of the inflammatory process on the bronchi, the muscle tissue of the walls is replaced by a connective tissue, which makes the organ subtle. Bronchi stretch, gradually expand, they accumulate pus and mucus.

The main symptoms are:

• Pulmonary heart failure
• Increased temperature
• Cough with sputum smell, greyish with streaks of blood
• Pulmonary haemorrhage
• The respite
• Increased sweating
• Sharp weight loss
• Loss of appetite
• Wet rales

To identify the disorder, use an X-ray. With its help, it is possible to determine peribronchial or infiltrative changes. When bronchography can detect bronchiectasis, which resemble a tree with foliage due to enlarged segments of bronchi. In the blood there is pronounced leukocytosis, with a stab shift and an increase in ESR.

Catarrhal bronchopneumonia

Bronchitis causes not only pathological damage to the respiratory system, but also a variety of complications. Catarrhal bronchopneumonia refers to such complications. The disease is an inflammation of individual lobules of the lung, which passes from the bronchial mucosa to the pulmonary alveoli.

May occur under the influence of factors that reduce the body's immune system. That is, colds, bronchitis, a lack of vitamins, poor nutrition and negative influence of the environment, can provoke frustration.

• At first, there is a fever, appetite decreases, there is a runny nose with mucopurulent discharge and cough. Breathing becomes difficult, there is shortness of breath and wheezing. In addition, insignificant heart failure and problems with the gastrointestinal tract are possible.
• The illness lasts for 2-3 weeks and, with proper and timely treatment, has a favorable prognosis and does not recur. Without proper therapy can cause serious complications: purulent pneumonia, abscess and gangrene of the lungs.

[11], [12],

Focal bronchopneumonia

One of the most dangerous forms of inflammation, is one in which the pathological process passes to the lung tissue. Focal bronchopneumonia is characterized by the appearance of foci of inflammation of different sizes and different locations. On the affected areas, the alveoli are filled with serous or purulent exudate with a high level of leukocytes. If it arose as a result of flu or cold, then there are ruptures of small vessels.

Most often, the focal form is secondary, that is, appears against the background of another disease. The cause may be: influenza, purulent otitis, dysentery, scarlet fever, measles, peritonitis, scarlet fever, furunculosis and others. If the disorder is primary, the microbes enter the lungs through the bronchi, that is, by the bronchogenic route.

Symptoms:

• Increased body temperature
• Sweating
• Chills
• Headache
• Fever
• Chest pain (worse with breathing and coughing)
• Cough (can be both dry and wet with sputum discharge)
• Tachycardia
• The respite
• Exudative pleurisy (if streptococcus was the causative agent of the disease)

In most cases, the causative agent is pneumococcal infection, therefore antibacterial drugs (penicillins, cephalosporins, fluoroquinolones) are used for treatment. Medications can be combined and used both intravenously and intramuscularly. An obligatory condition for recovery is the use of restorative drugs, that is, vitamins and anti-inflammatory drugs. After acute symptoms are gone, various physiotherapeutic procedures (electrophoresis, UHF) are used.

Despite the danger of the disease, the disease is not contagious, but pathogens can get into the body of another person, causing flu or some other disease. Without proper treatment, this leads to serious complications: heart failure, pulmonary edema, sepsis, pericarditis, septic shock, meningitis, anemia, gangrene of the lung.

[13], [14], [15]

Purulent bronchopneumonia

Abscessing form of inflammation is characterized by destruction of the lung tissue under the influence of pathological processes, which can lead to abscesses, pneumosclerosis or bronchiectasis. Purulent bronchopneumonia is a destructive process, which is characterized by the formation of multiple purulent foci in the tissues of the respiratory system.

The cause may be aspiration, when the foreign body closes the lumen in the small bronchus. An abscess forms in the airless area. Another option for the development of pathology is the introduction of infection through the circulatory system from any external source. In this case, unaffected lung tissue is separated from the connective abscess.

Symptoms of malaise depend on the pathogen:

• Classical symptoms consist of febrile temperature, severe intoxication, chills, coughing with the separation of fetid sputum. In addition, there is a sharp weight loss and anorexia.
• The symptomatology differs significantly before and after the abscess breaks through. If before the rupture, sputum caused severe intoxication and general weakness, then as soon as the abscess breaks through, a large amount of sputum is released - about 1 liter.
• After the withdrawal of purulent contents, the disease dramatically changes the course. The patient's condition improves, breathing is facilitated, and appetite appears. Sputum continues for a certain period of time, while maintaining a cough. After complete emptying of the purulent cavity, it will scar.

For diagnosis, radiography and computed tomography are used. As treatment, medicines (antibiotics, immunotherapy, infusion therapy), physiotherapy and alternative methods of influencing the focus of infection help.

Aspiration bronchopneumonia

Infectious-toxic lesion of the lung parenchyma, develops due to entry into the lower respiratory tract of stimuli. Aspiration bronchopneumonia occurs as a result of penetration into the respiratory organ of the contents of the stomach (food, liquid) or nasopharynx. It is manifested by tachycardia, severe cough, pain in the chest, sputum with a sharp unpleasant odor, cyanosis, fever.

There are a number of factors that contribute to the development of pathology. This category includes elderly patients with lung or stroke diseases, as well as those who have dental problems. Convulsive seizures, loss of consciousness due to alcohol consumption, stroke, can cause aspiration. Another group of factors is: heartburn, lung damage of varying severity, impaired swallowing due to Parkinson's disease, Charcot's disease, bad teeth.

Symptoms:

• Frequent cough after eating or drinking.
• Rapid heartbeat and shortness of breath.
• Pain in the chest with coughing and breathing.
• Problems with swallowing.
• Fever, chills.

To diagnose the disorder, the patient is given a chest X-ray, which can detect the presence of infiltrates. It is mandatory to take a sample of sputum to determine the resistance of the infection to various antibiotics. In addition, patients undergo bronchoscopy and a radiopaque barium study.

Treatment consists of several stages. As a rule, the entire process takes place in a hospital. At the first stage, the patient is prescribed a course of antibiotics, which are injected through an intravenous catheter and taken orally. If there are problems with breathing, the patient is connected to the respirator. Particular attention is paid to methods of prevention - this is the timely treatment of various diseases and the elimination of problems with the teeth.

[16], [17], [18]

Community-acquired bronchopneumonia

Inflammatory lesions of the lungs that occur outside the hospital or in the first two days after admission are considered to be one of the most common infectious diseases of an acute nature. Community-acquired pneumonia (ambulatory, domestic) is most often due to pneumococcal infection and atypical microorganisms (legionella, mycoplasma), in rare cases due to a hemophilic rod.

Main reasons:

• Aspiration, that is ingression of the contents of the oropharynx into the respiratory tract.
• Violation of the mechanism of cleaning the bronchi from pathogens that cause inflammation.
• Penetration of infection from neighboring organs.
• Inhalation of air with a large number of microorganisms (one of the rare mechanisms of the development of pathology).
• Infection with blood flow from different foci of infection.

Disease of this species is most often found in such forms as:

1. Croupous inflammation - characterized by acute symptoms, that is, a sharp increase in body temperature to 39 ° C, headaches, chills and chest pains. Occurs due to damage to the pleura. On the first day after infection, a dry cough appears in the patient, which quickly transforms into a wet cough and sputum. There is shortness of breath, a significant decline in performance, muscle and joint pain, loss of appetite.
2. The focal form begins gradually and, as a rule, after a previous viral infection. It all starts with the symptoms of weakness, constant coughing. Later there is a dry cough with the separation of purulent-mucous sputum and an increase in body temperature.

In some cases, the disease is complicated by pleurisy, acute respiratory failure, gangrene and abscess. Most complications occur with croupiform form. To identify the disease use X-ray, percussion and auscultation, computed tomography and bronchoscopy. Without fail, the patient gives sputum, blood and urine tests.

The average and severe degree are treated in the hospital. In mild form, therapy can be carried out at home. The patient is prescribed a course of antibiotics, anti-inflammatory drugs, vitamins and other medicines to strengthen the protective properties of the immune system. The patient is shown bed rest, copious drink and a full, balanced diet.

[19], [20],

Lower-lobe bronchopneumonia

Acute inflammation of an infectious-allergic nature, affecting one or more lobes and pleura, occurs in patients of all ages. Lower-lobe bronchopneumonia may be left-sided and right-sided. It is characterized by a sharp deterioration in health, headaches, fever, shortness of breath, wet cough, sweating and general weakness.

Most often diagnosed right-sided lower lesions. This is due to the anatomical features of the location and structure of the respiratory system. The thing is that the right lower lobe of the bronchus has an oblique direction, where viruses and bacteria can accumulate. Long-term decrease in the protective properties of the immune system, contributes to the development of malaise. Without timely and adequate treatment, the disease leads to acute inflammation of the alveoli and a violation of gas exchange between the circulatory system and the alveolar capillary barrier. As a result of lack of blood, the work of other organs and systems is disrupted.

Signs of the disease:

• Heat
• Increased sweating
• Chills
• Cough with viscous sputum
• Blood veins in sputum separated
• Pain in the right or left half of the thorax

All of the above symptoms are classic for a lower lesion lesion. The treatment takes place in a hospital, where the patient is waiting for a course of drug therapy, that is, taking antibiotics, anti-inflammatory and other means to combat the disease. Recovery lasts a long time, so after the hospital, the patient is prescribed prophylaxis, which includes physiotherapy, vitamin therapy and balanced nutrition.

Radical bronchopneumonia

Inflammation of the lung tissue located at the roots of the organ, is rightly considered one of the most complex forms of the disease. Basal bronchopneumonia occurs as a result of infection. Getting into the body, harmful microorganisms begin to multiply actively at the level of large bronchi. Against this background, a periprocess develops, which spreads through the paramediastinal space, but does not affect the peripheral tissues.

Most often, patients are diagnosed with a right-sided lesion. Pathology can take two forms - it is tumorous and inflammatory. Let's consider each of them:

• Inflammatory - it is characterized by a protracted course, and remissions are quickly replaced by exacerbations. The body is rapidly weakening, and it is becoming more difficult to treat the ailment.
• Tumor-like - has a torpid current. At the root of the lung, small tubercles form, and as a result of pressure, share and segmental atelectasis.

Regardless of the form of the indisposition, the patient faces such symptoms as: fever, chills, severe cough, weakness, headaches, leukocytosis. In this case, such a classic symptom, as pain in the hypochondrium, may be absent.

The process of treatment depends on the results of the diagnosis, which is significantly complicated. The thing is that the radiographic signs are similar to the symptoms of tuberculosis or central lung cancer. Intensive therapy should begin immediately after the discovery of the disease. The patient is prescribed antibacterial drugs and physiotherapeutic procedures for restoring the immune system and the body's defenses.

Specific bronchopneumonia

Disease of the lungs and bronchi, most often due to pneumococcal and streptococcal infection. Specific bronchopneumonia can be caused by: tuberculous mycobacterium, bacillus sapa and other microorganisms. That is, according to morphological features, the specific inflammation does not differ from the nonspecific form.

Consider the main symptoms of ailment:

• The disease has an undulating course and rapidly assumes a chronic form. In this case, the periods of remission are often replaced by exacerbations.
• In the process of inflammation, granuloma develops and a productive tissue reaction develops.
• During the development of the disease, necrosis of exudate, proliferates, which arise due to a specific tissue reaction.

The above features combine all kinds of inflammation caused by various harmful micro-organisms. Symptomatic classic, that is, a sharp increase in temperature, chills, fever, dry cough, which quickly transforms into a wet with sputum separation. For diagnosis, bronchoscopy, X-ray examination and tests (sputum, blood, urine) are used. Treatment depends on the resistance of the pathogen to various antibiotics. There is mandatory vitamin and preventive maintenance.

Nonspecific bronchopneumonia

Inflammatory bronchial disease, characterized by periodic exacerbations, indicates a particular form of the disease. It is a question of nonspecific bronchopneumonia, which very often acquires a chronic form. It is accompanied by structural changes in the lung tissue.

Optional signs of nonspecific inflammation are: bronchiectasis, pleurisy, emphysema, atelectasis (typical for patients of adulthood), acute and chronic abscesses. In case of complication, pulmonary hemorrhage and hypertension, empyema of the pleura and amyloidosis are possible.

The disorder can occur because of previously transmitted acute infectious and viral diseases. Particular importance in the development of the nonspecific form is played by chronic bronchitis. Malady causes disruption of bronchial patency and drainage function of the bronchi.

Viral bronchopneumonia

Disease-causing microorganisms, in particular viruses, cause various diseases from all organs and systems of the body. Viral bronchopneumonia is a defeat of the respiratory tract, which is very rare in its pure form. This is due to the fact that the infection breaks the epithelial barrier, resulting in a secondary bacterial infection. Infectious agents can be influenza A and B viruses, parainfluenza, adenovirus, respiratory syncytial virus, less often fungi and bacteria.

The incubation period lasts from three to five days and is similar in symptoms to influenza and ARVI. Often, infection occurs against the background of these ailments, so it is possible to diagnose the disease only after the patient feels unwell, despite the therapy.

Signs of malaise:

• Intoxication of the body
• Pain and aches all over the body
• Muscle weakness
• Dry cough and runny nose
• Cutting in the eye area, lacrimation

Some viruses can cause severe headaches, nausea, vomiting, gastrointestinal malaise and other symptoms. If there is a high temperature, this indicates a normal reaction of the body, which tries to fight the infection. If the temperature does not decrease within 1-2 days, this indicates an inflammatory process.

For therapy use antiviral drugs and antibiotics, which are symptomatic. The thing is that antiviral drugs are effective in the event that they are taken no later than 48 hours after infection. Therefore, they can be prescribed for the prevention of the first symptoms. Mandatory, the patient is prescribed expectorant drugs for sputum discharge and drainage massage. Antibiotics are taken within 5-7 days, depending on the severity of the symptoms and the sensitivity of the virus.

Because the viral form is transmitted by airborne droplets, the patient is in quarantine, observing bed rest. This is necessary to prevent the spread of infection. Without timely treatment, neglected forms lead to serious complications, most often it is pneumosclerosis, obstructive bronchitis, chronic respiratory failure.

Drainage bronchopneumonia

Influenza infection causes a number of complications, which affect the whole body pathologically, in particular the respiratory system. Drain bronchopneumonia refers to such complications. With this discomfort, a large number of inflammatory infiltration sites form in the lung tissue, forming a large lesion zone, which can reach 5-10 cm in diameter. In 7% of cases, the ailment is complicated by abscess formation.

The lesions are in contact with each other, each hearth passes through all the stages of inflammation, which significantly prolongs the course of the disease. Most pathology occurs in the lower lobes of the lungs, affecting several segments simultaneously. It is possible to develop a cross-shaped form, that is, bilateral inflammation. Very often, the draining form of bronchopneumonia develops against the background of acute respiratory infections, especially the flu. In this case, the symptoms are masked for the primary ailment, making the diagnosis process more difficult.

According to X-ray morphological changes, there are two variants of the disease:

• Single infiltrate, round in shape with a diameter of 5 to 10 cm.
• The infiltrate increases in size, fester and forms an abscess. Inflammatory process captures several segments of the lung and is of a polysegmentary nature.

In 80% of patients, the draining form of lung injury causes a pleural reaction, and in 20% - atelectatic syndrome.

Symptoms:

• Fever and chills
• A sharp rise in body temperature
• Growing cough with phlegm-purulent phlegm
• Pain in the chest with breathing and coughing
• Intoxication of the body
• The respite
• Tachycardia
• Cyanotic skin tone
• Persistent hypoxemia
• Cardiopulmonary insufficiency

To identify the disorder, the same diagnostic methods are used as with other forms of lesion of the respiratory system. First of all, this is an x-ray study, bronchoscopy, ultrasound, CT, sputum, blood and urine tests.

The risk group includes children of different ages, patients with chronic forms of respiratory diseases, elderly people who have suffered chest injuries, patients with congenital lung anomalies, immunodeficiency states, alcohol abusers and smokers.

Treatment is carried out with the help of antibiotics, pathogenetic therapy (mucolytics, expectorants, bronchodilators), corticosteroids. Patients are prescribed vitamins, agents for improving metabolism and physiotherapy. Particular attention is paid to prevention, which involves vaccination against pneumococcal infections, treatment of chronic diseases and compliance with a healthy lifestyle.

[21], [22], [23], [24], [25], [26]

Hypostatic bronchopneumonia

Many diseases of the respiratory system, which occurs against the background of other ailments, are significantly complicated. So, for example, hypostatic bronchopneumonia develops with circulatory failure. Pathogenetic factors are malfunctions in the circulatory system in a small circle, a decrease in the protective properties of the immune system, poor ventilation of the lungs.

For the disease characterized by a sluggish, that is, a slow flow. Patients slightly rise in temperature, there may be a cough with a little sputum, a slight weakness and muscle aches. The main pathogens are: staphylococcus, pneumococcus, bacteroides and E. Coli. Most often, the focus of inflammation is localized in the posterior parts of the lung.

As a rule, this form occurs against the background of stagnant phenomena in the respiratory organs, chronic heart failure or prolonged bed rest. Often it occurs against a background of a stroke. In this case, the disease can be early, that is, it occurs in the first days of a stroke or late - on the 3-6 week of pathology. Symptomatics smeared, on a background of heart failure, disturbances of consciousness and respiration, it is possible subfebrile temperature, chills.