Symptoms of gallbladder dyskinesia

The appearance of certain symptoms of gallbladder dyskinesia will depend on the degree of impairment of the motor function of the gallbladder and the type of dyskinesia.

Hypermotor dyskinesia of the gallbladder, or hypertonic dyskinesia of the gallbladder, most often manifests itself in the form of episodic, disturbing attacks of pain in the liver area (on the right under the ribs), or diffuse pain in the right part of the abdominal cavity.

The pain appears as a result of a sharp increase in pressure in the gallbladder, most often after another intake of fatty, spicy or very cold food, or after nervous tension. The pain syndrome appears and increases approximately 60 minutes or more after the last meal. The pain can radiate to other organs: thus, some patients report pain in the heart, in the shoulder and scapular area, more often on the right side.

Sometimes painful attacks occur simultaneously with attacks of nausea and vomiting, as well as intestinal dysfunction. The development of vasomotor and neurovegetative symptoms is possible:

• decrease in blood pressure;
• increased heart rate;
• insomnia;
• increased sweating;
• headache, irritability.

Reactions from other digestive organs are possible. This manifests itself in the form of impaired motility of the stomach and intestines, congestion in the duodenum, pylorospasm.

Hyperkinetic dyskinesia of the gallbladder also manifests itself during examination of the patient. During palpation of the right hypochondrium, the patient notes pain, but the body temperature is within normal limits, which is a distinctive sign of dyskinesia and cholecystitis. ESR and the number of leukocytes in the blood are normal.

In the time between attacks, a feeling of heaviness in the area of the organ may be noted. Palpation of the abdomen indicates slight pain on the right side of the abdomen.

Hypomotor dyskinesia of the gallbladder, or hypotonic dyskinesia of the gallbladder, manifests itself as a constant dull aching pain in the liver area without signs of pain spreading to other organs. Stressful and psychoemotional tense stressful situations or the use of unwanted foods can increase the pain, a feeling of internal pressure appears in the area of the organ projection. Patients note a lack of craving for food, "empty" belching, bouts of nausea, a bitter taste in the mouth, flatulence, bowel disorder (usually constipation).

When palpating, some pain can be detected in the right hypochondrium. A positive Ortner's symptom is sharp pain when tapping the right costal arch with the edge of the palm.

A neurosis-like syndrome may be observed, which manifests itself in instability of the emotional state, irritability and a constant feeling of fatigue.

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Constipation with gallbladder dyskinesia

Bile not only participates in the digestion of fats. In addition, bile neutralizes gastric acid, which enters the small intestine with food, and also activates peristalsis (forward moving movements) of the intestine, suppresses the processes of fermentation and putrefaction of food masses.

When food processed in the stomach enters the duodenum, a signal is sent to the gallbladder that bile is needed to process the fat component of food. The gallbladder contracts and supplies bile to the duodenum, where the process of digesting fats begins. Then bile with food enters the lower sections of the intestine: it is from this moment that the intestine, sensing the presence of bile, begins to make peristaltic forward movements so that the food mass can move along the small intestine into the large intestine, ensuring the natural process of defecation.

If there is not enough bile or none at all, intestinal peristalsis slows down, atony and weakness of peristalsis occur. This condition manifests itself as constipation - prolonged stool retention (more than 48 hours) with difficult defecation.

If bile is secreted constantly, uncontrollably and in large quantities, we will most likely observe the opposite picture: diarrhea.

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Dyskinesia of the gallbladder in children

Dyskinesia of the gallbladder most often occurs in adolescence, due to dysfunction of the central nervous system, previous infectious diseases, poor nutrition or development of an allergic reaction. In children, the disease can also develop according to two scenarios: hypertensive and hypotensive types.

The main causes of the development of gallbladder dyskinesia in children are considered to be:

• weakness and vulnerability of the nervous system;
• excessive excitability of the autonomic nervous system;
• muscular immaturity.

Improper nutrition plays a major role in the development of the disease:

• rare meals;
• eating a large amount of food in one sitting;
• force feeding when the child does not want to eat or is already full;
• frequent consumption of fast food, fatty and spicy foods.

At an early stage, the disease may not be particularly disturbing, sometimes manifesting itself in the form of bowel disorder, a slight feeling of heaviness in the right hypochondrium, especially after the child has eaten fried or fatty foods.

As dyskinesia progresses, paroxysmal or dull pain in the liver area appears, which intensifies after eating the "wrong" food, after physical exercise or a stressful situation. Sometimes there is a dirty yellow coating on the tongue, a bitter taste in the mouth, nausea.

Diagnosis of the disease in children is not difficult: it is based on the characteristic clinical picture and the results of laboratory tests and ultrasound.

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Dyskinesia of the gallbladder during pregnancy

During pregnancy, the tone of some organs, including the gallbladder, decreases slightly. This symptom is caused by the action of one of the main pregnancy hormones – progesterone. As a result of the decreased tone, the gallbladder is not completely emptied, bile remains in it, which stretches the walls of the bladder and provokes pain in the right hypochondrium. In addition, the outflow of bile is disrupted for another reason: this is an increase in the size of the uterus, which in the second and third trimesters presses on all surrounding organs, including the liver and gallbladder.

What a woman may experience:

• lack of appetite, heartburn and “empty” belching;
• bloating;
• increased pain after nervous stress or when the diet is disrupted;
• sleep disturbance, increased sweating.

Dyskinesia of the gallbladder during pregnancy can be corrected if you stick to a healthy diet, do not overeat, and do not abuse harmful foods containing a lot of fat, spices, salt, preservatives, and dyes.

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