Symptomatic arterial hypotension
Last reviewed: 23.04.2024
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Symptoms of symptomatic arterial hypotension depend on the underlying disease. A persistent decrease in blood pressure with various physical illnesses is accompanied by the appearance of similar subjective and objective symptoms similar to those with primary arterial hypotension. This similarity extends to the features of changes in hemodynamics and the flow of reflex reactions.
Etiology of symptomatic arterial hypotension
- Diseases of the cardiovascular system:
- congenital or acquired aortic valve failure;
- dilated cardiomyopathy;
- hypertrophic cardiomyopathy;
- exudative pericarditis;
- myocarditis.
- Diseases of the gastrointestinal tract:
- peptic ulcer of the stomach and duodenum.
- Diseases of the respiratory system:
- tuberculosis;
- chronic pneumonia;
- bronchial asthma.
- Diseases of the endocrine system:
- hypothyroidism;
- pituitary-adrenal insufficiency;
- OSD.
- Kidney diseases:
- nephrite with loss of salt;
- diabetes insipidus;
- ekonefropatiya;
- state of chronic hemodialysis.
- Diseases of the central nervous system:
- mental illness;
- post-coma hypotension;
- cerebral infarcts;
- encephalopathy;
- Parkinson's disease;
- hydrocephalus.
- Medicinal products:
- an overdose of antidepressants;
- an overdose of beta-blockers;
- overdose of ACE inhibitors;
- an overdose of calcium channel blockers;
- an overdose of atropine-like drugs;
- overdose of antihistamines.
Aortic valve insufficiency, congenital or acquired due to acute rheumatic attack or infective endocarditis, is accompanied by a decrease in diastolic blood pressure, with systolic blood pressure within normal limits or increased. Reduction of blood pressure is associated with regurgitation of blood from the aorta into the cavity of the left ventricle.
Arterial hypotension in cardiomyopathies, myocarditis, exudative pericarditis is caused by a low-release syndrome, it is also possible to disregard the baroreflex regulation of blood pressure, while systolic and diastolic blood pressure is reduced.
Secondary disorders of the afferent link of hemodynamic reflexes, leading to arterial hypotension. Arise in diabetes mellitus, spinal cord.
Secondary disorders of the central link of hemodynamic reflexes, providing regulation of arterial pressure, arise in brain tumors, cerebral infarcts, encephalopathy, Parkinson's disease. Hydrocephalus.
Secondary disturbances of the efferent link of hemodynamic reflexes providing regulation of arterial pressure arise in polyneuropathies in patients with diabetes mellitus, amyloidosis, neuritis, porphyria.
Arterial hypotension often occurs with endocrine diseases (hypothyroidism and hypofunction of the adrenal cortex).
To the signs combining primary and secondary arterial hypotension against these conditions, a pronounced asthenic syndrome is included. Decrease in mental and physical performance, changes in the cardiovascular system (bradycardia, widening of the heart cavity, hypotonic crises).
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