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Sensitization to chorionic gonadotropin
Last reviewed: 07.07.2025
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Autoimmune factors of habitual miscarriage include the presence of antibodies to human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG). According to I.V. Ponomareva et al. (1996), antibodies to hCG are found in the serum of 26.7% of women suffering from habitual miscarriage. Having high affinity, they block the biological effect and in some cases reduce the concentration of hCG. The mechanism of action of antibodies probably consists not only in preventing the binding of hCG to the receptors of the corpus luteum of the ovaries, but also in a direct damaging effect on the cells of the embryonic trophectoderm. In 95% of women with high titers of antibodies to hCG, a threat of termination of pregnancy in the first trimester was observed. Antibodies to human chorionic gonadotropin cross-react with LH and FSH during enzyme immunoassay, which is associated with the presence of common antigenic determinants. Such hormonal and alloimmune disorders lead to the early development of DIC syndrome (from 3–8 weeks of pregnancy) and, as a consequence, to the suppression of hormone-producing and trophic functions of the trophoblast.
Treatment of sensitization to human chorionic gonadotropin
Treatment of patients with sensitization to chorionic gonadotropin consists of correction of thrombophilia with low-molecular heparins under the control of a hemostasiogram and administration of glucocorticoids at a dose of 5–15 mg/day in terms of prednisolone. Treatment should be started in the first trimester of pregnancy, since the peak production of chorionic gonadotropin and antibodies occurs in the first weeks of pregnancy.
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