Scratch on the cornea of the eye in a child and adult

Scratch on the eye - not so frequent phenomenon. Still, eyes, though not a vital organ, play a very important role in our worldview. Thanks to them we can see the world around us, our relatives and even ourselves. Severe visual impairment, much less his absence, greatly reduces the quality of life, so we try to protect our eyes from all sorts of injuries so as not to lose the ability to see.

But under the trauma of the eyes, many understand the impact in the eye area, puncture the tissues of the eye with a sharp object, burn, well, in the last resort, a scratch on the eyelid, so the question arises whether it is possible to scratch the eye, or rather the front of the eyeball - the cornea? It turns out that it is possible, and very easily, simply we in ordinary life do not think about all the dangers that can lie in wait for us. And if inadvertently and get a minor injury, then do not rush to seek help from specialists, and very vain.

A scratched eyelid is pain and discomfort for a while, but the trauma of the cornea of the eye is already a danger not only of discomfort and short-term vision impairment, but also the appearance of a thorn in the eye, corneal opacity, loss of vision. Probably, there is something to think about, accidentally getting even a small eye injury in the form of a scratch.

[1], [2], [3]

Causes of the scratches on the eye

You do not need to invent some special situations in which you can get an eye injury, it's easy to do in everyday life. For example, when a cilium, a road dust or a lone mote gets into the eye, we feel great discomfort and instead of gently rinsing the eye, we begin to rub it intensely. If the mote is soft, it is possible that such measures will bring relief, helping to move the foreign body from the sensitive part of the eye. But very often dust contains solid particles, which, thanks to our actions, scratch the cornea and the inner part of the eyelid.

But in order for a mechanical damage to the eye, which is considered a scratch on the eye, it does not necessarily have to rub it. If the eye trauma occurs in the workplace, the eye can get not only ordinary dust, but also chips (metal or wood), tiny particles of glass, stone, plastic. And for a hard particle to make a scratch on the skin of the eye, it is enough for it to fall behind the eyelid, which will press the fragment to the tender tissue of the cornea.

But what can we say about solid particles, if the eye can be damaged even by the ciliated squamina, particles of cosmetics, poor-quality contact lenses. With some infectious and inflammatory pathologies in the upper or lower eyelid, pustules with dense crusts can form. Breaking off such crusts fall behind the eyelid and can also scratch the eye even with normal blinking.

Causes of a scratch on the eye can be so diverse that it is difficult to even foresee them. Many of us at home have four-footed friends who, playing or defending themselves, can injure each other or their master. Especially dangerous in this respect are cats with their sharp claws and independent temper, so complaints that the cat has scratched the eye are not so rare.

A wild aggressive animal can be caught in the eye and for no apparent reason. Domestic pets are more accommodating, therefore they can cause injury only when they are annoyed by the perseverance of the owners in caresses, the animal is afraid and thus is protected, unintentionally during the game, without the desire to harm someone.

Cats with their sharp claws can harm not only the person from the side or the loving owner, but to themselves or their fellow humans. Strongly combing the hair in the area of the eyes when depriving, the presence of fleas, mycosis, the animal risks unintentionally scratching the cornea of the organ of vision, loosely covering the eye during the "procedure."

And finding out the relationship with other seals and dogs, cute fuzzy and not embarrassed at all. It's not uncommon for one of the opponents to leave the battle with a damaged eye. Complaints that the dog has scratched the eye to yourself or the owner will look ridiculous, although they are also not excluded, especially when it comes to active games. But if in games or a fight a cat and a dog come together, the second one may well leave the place of the skirmish with a scratched eye.

Sharp claws, which help them to rest on various surfaces, have parrots that also very often live with people. This bright bird can easily sit on the shoulder or head of the master. One awkward movement and claw or beak of a pet can get into the eye, scratching it. This happens infrequently, but it's worthwhile to be careful in dealing with feathered pets.

Again, there are cases when the parrot scratched his eye, performing hygiene measures, or was injured by a street or domestic cat. It is necessary to understand that cats are predators by nature, that is why even in games they can display a noticeable aggression, which is a real danger for their owners and for the animals and birds that surround them.

When else can you get an eye injury?

But not only animals can accidentally damage their eyes. People do not even have such sharp claws as a cat or birds, but even a small nail can suddenly cause serious injury. Not saying centimeter manicure, which sometimes becomes the cause of complaints that the woman has scratched the eye with a fingernail to herself or even to someone else.

The fact is that with a sharp impact or pressing the cornea, a thin nail plate can leave a noticeable trace on it, which will indicate a scratch. Quite often, young moms suffer from such injuries, because little babies are on their hands, which are attracted by Mama's eyes, so they draw small hands with thin marigolds to them, yet they do not realize all the consequences of their actions.

Yes, and the woman, or even a man, it is quite possible to cause a nail injury to the cornea, if suddenly the eyelid is strongly combed, and it became necessary to soothe the itch with the help of a nail, if a foreign body gets into the eye and the person tries to remove it with his fingers, or even accidentally while doing domestic or professional duties.

Another problem that can cause mechanical damage to the cornea of the eye, mucous membrane or eyelid, is the wearing of contact lenses. And the matter is often not as a lens material, but in the wrong storage, which leads to a weakening of elastic properties and a coarsening of the composition, a careless setting or removal of lenses, which is often the case with rushing and long nails, the forgetfulness of a person who does not always remove the lenses before bedtime . So complaints about what has been scratched or scratched the eye with a lens imply a failure to comply with rules and precautions when using them than a manufacturing marriage.

Sometimes the cause of a scratch can be a normal mote that has fallen into the space between the cornea and the lens, therefore, the formulation of these means for vision correction must be treated very scrupulously.

Quite often you can face a situation where a woman (or a man) complains that she has scratched her eye with a branch. This is possible not only when a person is making his way through thick bushes of bush. It can be a lonely growing tree with a protruding branch, which the person simply did not notice.

Most often, eye injuries from sticks and twigs are given to children who use them as "fighting weapons" in their outdoor games. In this case, a child can get a stick into the eye and to himself, and another kid or adult, which is fraught with scratching or nicking, followed by a long and serious treatment.

Risk factors

Risk factors for eye trauma can be considered work with chemicals (this is fraught with burns of the organ of vision), frequent or prolonged use of contact lenses, lack of protection for the eyes during work, in which the risk of eye injury is high (grinders, sawing trees, making lenses etc.), walks in windy weather.

When a person is keen on something, for example, sports activities or even his own experiences, he shows less caution, which may well be the cause of injury to the eye or any other part of the body. Plus, some sports are considered occupations with an increased risk of injury (for example, fencing).

As you can see, a scratch on the eye can be easily obtained by doing the usual things in a casual atmosphere and quite unexpectedly. Therefore, it is always better to know what can cause such a trauma and how to behave immediately after receiving it.

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Pathogenesis

We used to think that we see only through the eyes. Actually this is not true. Our eyes are a complex optical system designed to transmit information to the brain through the optic nerve. The final picture is formed in the region of the posterior lobes of the cerebral cortex located in the occipital part.

But on the other hand, if we had no eyes, and the brain would not have received information about the picture of the world, and we would not know what we look like, the people and objects around us. Moreover, the presence of a paired organ of vision allows us to see a clear three-dimensional picture. It is clear that if one eye is disturbed, for example, with a scratch on the eye, the picture will be distorted, become blurred or double.

The visible part of the eye is the eyeball and the eyelids covering it, are prone to injury most of all. It is clear that in most cases, when a danger triggers a defensive reaction, we close our eyes and substitute the eyelid for a blow. In principle, the eyelids are designed to protect the eyeball (it is a complex optical system, consisting of different departments) from injuries and foreign bodies.

But sometimes there is no time to cover up the eye. In this case, the main impact falls on the shell of the eyeball called the cornea. This is not just the protective shell of the eyeball, it is a complex system, refracting incoming light rays on it and contributing to the formation of a correct visual picture.

The cornea of the eye also has a complex structure. It consists of 5 layers: epithelial layer, Bowman membrane, stroma, Descemet's membrane and endothelial layer. The sixth layer of the cornea of the eye can be considered a tear film. It is assumed that between the stroma and descemet membrane there is another very strong layer - the Duassic layer.

The function of protecting, supplying oxygen and regulating the intake of moisture inside the eye is carried out by the outer (epithelial) layer, which is most prone to traumatic damage. Violation of its integrity is fraught with the risk of penetration into the internal layers of the corneal pathogens.

Fortunately this layer is able to recover after damage, which can not be said about the next layer (Bowman membrane), which also protects and nourishes the eye. Stroma, consisting of collagen fibers, if damaged, can recover, and Descemet's membrane is a tissue that is resistant to injury. As for the endothelium, which is responsible for the transparency, nutrition and regulation of the fluid in the space between the cornea and the iris, it is difficult to repair with damage.

As you can see, the consequences of eye trauma due to his scratches will depend on the depth of damage to the corneal tissues. But you need to understand that the cornea, which is the front part of the eye, has the appearance of a convex-concave lens, the thickness of which in different parts has different meanings.

The corneal layer has the least thickness in the center of the eye (slightly more than 0.5 mm), the largest at the edges - 1-1.2 mm. It turns out that a scratch in the center of the eye (in the area of the iris and pupil) will affect the cornea to a greater depth and may have more sad consequences than damage to the protective layer of the eye from the side.

Scratching on the eye is not so rare. Just a shallow wound that does not cause strong pain, does not bother us enough to seek help from a doctor or pay special attention to it. To survive and seek help on the side, we begin if the scar is rather deep and is accompanied by alarming symptoms (pain, impaired vision, etc.).

There are no precise statistics concerning such a trauma. Although most often with such problems, children and workers of the metalworking and woodworking industry, as well as people with a thin cornea, get into the hospital, which became such as a result of operations, the influence of negative factors, the disturbance of metabolic processes in the tissues of the eye.

The most common injuries of the eye are scratches made by small foreign bodies that have fallen into the eye. In everyday life, this often happens on the street, when the wind raises dust and the solids contained in it, which then fall into the eyes. And no matter how much we are told not to rub eyes in this situation, few people listen to this advice, feeling a strong discomfort, because when the eye begins to rub, it becomes easier for a while.

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Symptoms of the scratches on the eye

If, as a result of an accident, a eyelid that protects the eye was scratched, the scratch will remind you of yourself with pain and a bright red or intense pink color, if not immediately, then a few minutes later. You can see the result of the injury by looking at yourself in the mirror.

The cornea is a transparent part of the eye that resembles a lens, on which a scratch is noticed with the naked eye is very problematic. Especially if the damage is shallow. Feeling uncomfortable in the eye area, a person may not at all suspect that a cornea has formed a scratch.

How can you understand that a scratch has formed on the cornea? The first signs of traumatic eye damage are pain or rubbing in the eye, causing the reflexively strong clench of the eyelids, and lachrymation, which is difficult to stop until the pain subsides.

Further, the symptoms will depend on the stage of eye injury. Very often, with a shallow scratch, the restoration of the epithelium of the cornea occurs quickly, the pain subsides, leaving a certain discomfort in itself, and after a few hours a person forgets about the injury. But in cases of deeper damage, when the surface protective (Bowenova) membrane and stroma are affected, redness of eyelids and eye whites is observed, on which a vascular network begins to be seen, headaches and dizziness occur, vision deteriorates (flies in front of eyes, bifurcation of objects, fuzzy image), the sensitivity of the eye to the light increases.

Symptoms and methods of first aid will depend on the type of traumatic eye damage. If it is a scratch on the cornea of the eye, considered a non-penetrating wound of the eye, the symptoms are limited to the above. But when it comes to penetrating wounds (for example, knife or sharp stick), as a result of which a scratch can form on the iris and even on the lens of the eye, such a dangerous symptom as bleeding joins, and first of all measures will be taken to stop it. There may also be a significant allocation of a clear liquid, the pupil acquires an irregular shape, a hole in the iris is noticeable, and so on. The victim can complain about the appearance of spots and flashes of light before his eyes, a sharp deterioration in the quality of sight.

Despite the fact that there are no blood vessels in the cornea, eye damage can be accompanied by reddening of the eye and the appearance of a vascular network. And such a symptom can be observed and with shallow scratches, as a result of a stroke.

Scratching of soft tissues, protecting the eyeball from damage, is also accompanied by pain and hemorrhages. If the scratch formed under the eye as a result of a perceptible stroke, it is likely that after 1-2 days around it a more or less pronounced bruise (bruise) is formed. If this is an ordinary scratch by negligence, a thin bright pink trace will remain (if blood vessels are touched, blood will be observed). First the trail will be convex (swollen), then the surface of the skin will be leveled, and the trail will become paler and thinner.

Identical situation with a scratch on the eyelid. But given that the skin of the eyelids is more delicate and sensitive, redness and swelling can be more pronounced. Edema can spread even to the entire eyelid.

Appearance of the wound will depend on the depth of penetration of the damaging factor. In the case of a penetrating wound with damage to the muscles and cartilaginous tissue of the eyelid, its edges may diverge, revealing to the outsider an unattractive sight of naked internal tissues. Bleeding in this case will be quite strong, the swelling is extensive, and often requires suturing the wound with special surgical threads.

If an infection enters the wound on the eyelid or cornea of the eye, it is quite possible to develop an inflammatory process that manifests itself in the form of severe swelling and redness of the tissues around the scratch, corneal opacity, the appearance of purulent discharge, the constant sensation of the foreign body in the eye, lacrimation, etc.

Complications and consequences

A shallow scratch on the eye (on the eyelid or epithelial layer of the cornea, capable of quickly recovering) most often does without consequences. The wound on the skin in this case is enough to treat with antiseptic and protect from getting into it dust and microbes, and on the cornea - rinse with purified water if the tearing did not bring the desired relief and did not help the removal of the foreign body that caused the injury.

How many wound on the eye? If everything goes without complications, then the symptoms of an easy injury take place in 1-2 days. On the skin, of course, there may be a trace, but he will not be bothered anymore.

Danger usually represents infection in the wound. In this case, the healing process of erosion can be significantly delayed. And if you do not take preventive measures to fight the infectious agent, there will be dangerous complications, such as keratitis (inflammation of the cornea, accompanied by a partial clouding).

If a person has scratched his eye and he has become fester, this is definitely talking about joining a bacterial infection that requires treatment with antibacterial agents (antiseptics and antibiotics). A prolonged inflammatory process in the tissues of the eye and eyelids can lead to the formation of gross scars at the site of the scratch, pupil displacement, increased intraocular pressure. Deep wounds that disrupt the outflow of fluid in the space behind the cornea can lead to corneal edema.

If the patient scratches the cornea of the eye, as a result of which his eyesight becomes dull and the situation does not improve for 2 or more days, this again indicates a serious damage to the visual organ that requires specialist help. The fact is that the usual scratch on the cornea in the absence of treatment can lead to the development of cataracts or glaucoma and even to complete loss of vision.

Infectious process in the absence of proper treatment can lead to purulent inflammation of the iris, lens, vitreous (endophthalmitis), the spread of infection inside the body (sepsis or blood infection) and the brain area (brain abscess), decreased vision, melting of the internal structures of the eye (panophthalmitis ) and its loss.

By the way, the defeat of one eye can subsequently lead to disruption of the work of the structures of another, healthy (sympathetic ophthalmia). The disease manifests itself in the defeat of the choroid of the eye, which is outwardly manifested by the reddening of the proteins and the vascular network that appears on them. The first symptoms may appear 2 weeks after the injury or much later. The disease has a chronic course with periods of remission and exacerbation. About 60% of patients with this diagnosis completely lose sight.

Deep scratches on the skin around the eyes can lead to deformation of soft tissues, the formation of unaesthetic scars and scars, twisting or turning of the eyelids, their sagging. Injuries in the conjunctiva area are fraught with disruptions in the operation of the tear apparatus, the appearance of dry eye syndrome, dryness of the cornea, contributing to its thinning and increasing the risk of mechanical damage to the eye.

[8], [9]

Diagnostics of the scratches on the eye

It is clear that before you begin active treatment of any disease, you must first accurately diagnose. Does it make sense to grab for antibacterial eye drops when it comes to minor eye irritation without the presence of an infectious factor? And how justified are the washing of the eyes with water with a penetrating wound? However, it is very difficult for a person who is ignorant of medical questions to evaluate the severity of the damage and the depth of the organ damage, which even an experienced doctor can not do without special diagnostic methods: ophthalmoscopy (examination of the internal structures of the eye), gonioscopy (examination of the anterior chamber of the eye), radiography etc.) .

When a person goes to the emergency room (and the damage to the eye is nothing more than a trauma) with a deep scratch on the eyelid or under the eye, the physician will have enough physical examination of the patient and directly wound on the face to orientate in further actions for first aid and trauma treatment. It is clear that an important role in the appointment of the treatment regimen is played by the patient's story about the situation in which the trauma was received. For example, if a cat left a scratch on the face, then there is a big risk of infection in the wound (cat scratch disease), resulting in wound suppuration, general intoxication of the body and an increase in regional lymph nodes.

If it is a penetrating wound of the eye, there are also symptoms here (bleeding, a hole in the cornea and iris, falling out of the internal structures of the eye outwards). In addition, such victims are most often taken to the hospital without removing the injurious object from the eye. The doctor's task remains to extract the "instrument of crime" and check the presence or absence of foreign bodies (fragments, dust particles, chips, etc.) in the eye.

When a patient complains of discomfort in the eye area, which may indicate the presence of a foreign body or a scratch on the eye, but physical examination does not give anything, one also has to resort to instrumental diagnostics. If the scratch is small and there is no twisting of the epithelial layer of the cornea, it will be very difficult to examine it without special equipment.

How to reveal hidden scratches on the eye? The easiest way to do this is by taking an x-ray of the eye. It will also help to identify foreign bodies and inflammation of the eye tissues that remain in the wound. If necessary, ophthalmic and gonioscopy, a computer tomogram or ultrasound may be prescribed, especially when it comes to complicated injuries, inflammation of the internal structures of the eye, and their loss.

Specific tests in this case there, except that the patient turned late, when the wound began to fester. In this case, it is an infection, and it is better to make an analysis for the causative agent of the disease in order to effectively treat it. To assign effective and safe treatment, the doctor will need information about the patient's health and the work of his internal organs. Such information can be obtained by assigning blood and urine tests, blood testing for sugar level, an HIV test, etc.

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Differential diagnosis

Differential diagnosis in the case of fresh eye injuries is not so relevant. The picture is usually obvious for traumatic injury. Another thing is when it comes to complications of trauma. In this case it is very important to understand what causes, for example, the clouding of the lens or cornea, the former trauma or degenerative changes in the organ of vision.

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Treatment of the scratches on the eye

If a foreign small object gets into the eye and there is a strong discomfort, you should try to remove it with the help of washing your eyes with warm boiled water or frequent blinking that promotes the release of tears. Very often a foreign body comes out with tears. Eye wash can use eye drops (for example, "Albucid"), which have an antiseptic effect.

What you do not have to do is rub your eyes, and also try to pull the "log" out of your eye with dirty fingers or a cloth of dubious purity. If the foreign body does not exit after the suggested manipulations, it is better to entrust its removal to an experienced physician.

Discomfort after removal of a foreign object in the absence of a scratch in the eye should pass during the day. If this does not happen, then the cornea is damaged and you need to take all measures to restore it as soon as possible. What to do with a scratch on the eye? Of course, you need to seek help from a specialist who must prescribe an effective treatment that includes antibiotic therapy, whose self-designation can have deplorable consequences.

If the wound is serious and the corneal flap moves away from its main part, it is put back into place, treating the wound with antibacterial drops and then applying an aseptic bandage. With a large amount of damage, you sometimes have to put seams, which are also treated with an antibiotic.

But usually a scratch on the cornea is not so serious, therefore, regenerating agents are used for its healing in the form of gel and drops (for example, gels Solkoseril, Actovegin, Korneregel or drops Adgelon, Balarpan). Later, you can use vitamins in the form of eye drops "Taufon", "Taurin", funds with lutein, etc., which will help the tissues of the eye to recover faster and improve vision.

If there is a strong pain, "Inokain" drops help. As antibacterial agents, drops of "Levomycetin" (chloramphenicol), "Albucid" (sulfacetamide), Tobrex (tobramycin), "Floxal" (ofloxacin), "Oftavix" (levofloxacin), ointments "Neomycin", "Neosporin" .

If it is a scratch on the eyelid or under the eye, then it needs to be treated with an antiseptic and lubricated with antibacterial ointment with regenerative properties called "Levomekol" or other agent with a similar action (tetracycline ointment or erythromycin ointment, Gentaksan powder, ophthalmic ointment or "Gentamicin").

What for if the eye tissues are damaged, use local remedies with an antibiotic? And can you be sure that the wound is applied with a sterile clean object, if the bacteria surround us in everyday life everywhere, and even in a hospital it is not always possible to avoid infection ?!

Surgical treatment of eye injuries may be required for deep wounds affecting the iris, vitreous, lens. Plastic surgery may be necessary for those who have serious wounds on the eyelid and skin around the eye left an unaesthetic trail, leading to deformation of the facial tissues, sagging (ptosis) of the eyelids and other cosmetic defects.

Preparations for eye injuries

Since a scratch on the eye is considered an injury, even if it is light compared with a penetrating wound, its treatment should be carried out with special care, because it depends on whether the person will subsequently have problems with vision or eyes quickly recover.

For the treatment of the eye can be used drugs of different actions and forms of release. But if it concerns the local treatment of the internal structures of the eye and the cornea, the preparations must be specialized, i.e. Designed to treat the eyes, not the skin.

Drops for eyes from scratches can have a regenerating, antibacterial (anti-inflammatory) and analgesic effect.

Balloon

Wound healing drops for the eyes. Their basis is glycosoaminoglycans. These are related substances to the connective tissues of the eye, which contribute to the restoration of the cornea. Drops found their application for any damage to the eye: inflammation, burns, wounds, scratches, etc.

Drops are buried in the damaged eye 4 to 5 times a day for a week. If there was inflammation of the cornea, the course of treatment is prolonged to 1 month. Single dose -1-2 drops.

The drug can also be used with prolonged wearing of lenses. This will help to avoid damage to the eye. You need to inject the drug into both eyes in the mornings and evenings.

Contraindications to the use of drops is hypersensitivity to the drug and pregnancy because of insufficient research of its effect on the fetus. Caution should be observed during lactation. The drug is intended for adult patients.

The use of the drug may be accompanied by allergic reactions against the background of intolerance and reddening of the conjunctiva of the eye.

The use of drops does not exclude the treatment with antibiotics. The open vial is stored for no longer than 15 days.

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Flockan

Antibacterial eye drops based on ofloxacin, which can be used for eye injuries complicated by infection or to prevent infection of the wound.

The drug is also used 4 times a day, but you can not inject more than 1 drop into the eye, unless there are other instructions from the doctor. The course of treatment with the drug should not exceed 14 days.

To introduce the drug is recommended in the conjunctival sac, slightly pulling the lower eyelid.

The drug is not prescribed for hypersensitivity to its components and antibiotics of the quinolone group. In pregnancy, his appointment is possible, but with caution. It is allowed to use from the newborn period.

Side effects of the drug may be due to an irritating local effect and the penetration of some part of the drug into the systemic bloodstream. There are possible such symptoms as congestion hyperemia and burning in the eye, allergic and anaphylactic reactions (very rarely), dizziness, discomfort in the eye area. Occasionally: nausea, swelling of the face, inflammation of the cornea, photophobia, lacrimation, minor pain in the eyes, etc.

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Inokain

A drug in the form of eye drops, used for local anesthesia. Helps with severe pain in the eyes, can be used while removing a foreign object from the eye or removing stitches.

A single dose of the drug - 1 drop. If you need to provide anesthesia within an hour, three times instillation is recommended. The interval between the procedures is 5 minutes.

The drug is not used for hypersensitivity to its composition and individual components. During pregnancy and in childhood is used only for strict indications.

During the use of the drug, the patient may feel slight tingling and burning. Mucous eyelids may blush a little. Sometimes there are allergic reactions, less often - inflammatory.

Not suitable for long-term use, as it can cause corneal opacity.

Now let's talk about the preparations in the form of a gel or ointment, which are also used in a situation if a scratch appeared on the eye.

Kornergel

This preparation in the form of an eye gel based on dexpanthenol has found wide application in ophthalmology, when it comes to damage to the membranes of the eye. With the main active substance of the drug many are familiar with the skin remedies used for sunburn of tissues, their irritation and damage. Dexpanthenol penetrates through the skin and mucous membranes of the eye, restoring them from the inside.

The drug is used for various lesions of the cornea and other eye structures.

The eye gel has a semi-liquid consistency, so it is easy to dig in the eye in the area of the conjunctival sac. A single dose of medicine - 1 drop by eye. Bury the drug is recommended 5 times a day, most recently just before going to bed.

The duration of the drug is determined by the doctor, based on the complexity of the situation and the results of the treatment. Lenses during the procedure must be removed.

The drug is not used for hypersensitivity to it. In childhood and during pregnancy, the possibility of application is discussed with the doctor.

Burying the drug in the eye can be accompanied by irritation and redness, in rare cases, damage to the external tissues of the cornea. Also, swelling and redness of the conjunctiva, itching in the eye area, slight pain and lacrimation, allergic rashes are possible.

If you scratch the eyelid or under the eye, which starts to inflame and blush, it is recommended that the skin be treated at the wound with a wound healing antimicrobial ointment.

Levomexol

This is a two-component preparation in the form of an ointment, used in the treatment of infected wounds, burns, trophic ulcers, boils, skin pathologies. It is good that in addition to the antibiotic chloramphenicol contains a component that has an anti-inflammatory and regenerating effect (methyluracil), which contributes to the rapid healing of wounds without the formation of unaesthetic scars and scars.

For the treatment of scratches in the area of the skin around the eyes, the ointment is applied to the wound directly on the wound. The procedure is carried out 1 or 2 times a day. The course of treatment is not more than 10 days.

Other contraindications, except hypersensitivity to the components of the drug, the ointment does not. With caution, the drug is used in pregnancy and in childhood, since it is possible to penetrate some part of the antibiotic into the blood.

Side effects during treatment with ointment are rare. It can be allergic reactions, a slight burning sensation on the skin, in single cases, headaches and dermatitis.

Folk treatment

A small scratch on the eye - this is not an occasion to sound an alarm and rush headlong to the hospital. For a start, you can try to treat it with folk remedies, and then, if you want or do not have the effect, seek help from a specialist. Folk treatment will also help those who are not available for quick medical care (for example, rural residents, outreach workers). But with serious injuries rely only on recipes of traditional medicine still not worth it.

So, what can be done when there are various symptoms of eye injury.

If a speck came into the eye and scratched it, in its extraction and disinfection of the eye tissues, a decoction or infusion of chamomile or brewed black tea will help. Both agents have anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial effect.

To wash the eyes with various damages of the tissues can be infusion of birch buds, leaves of plantain, clover or thyme (for 2 cups of water we take 2 tablespoons of crushed vegetable raw material and insist for 10 minutes).

If the eye is very red and there is swelling, you can boil an average bulb in a small amount of water (200 g), add to the composition 1 tsp. Natural honey and barely warm to wash your eyes in the mornings or evenings.

Any damage to tissues, even non-infectious ones, will be accompanied by swelling and redness, which indicates a slight inflammation. In this case, lotions and compresses will be effective.

For the compresses, you can use bird cherry flowers (take 1.5 tablespoons water, take 1 tbsp of flowers, boil and cool to the desired temperature), grate raw potatoes (gruel is wrapped in a loose cloth and put on your eyes for 20 minutes), freshly brewed tea .

For lotions use grass cornflower (1 cup of boiling water take 1 tablespoon crushed plant and insist for at least an hour), seeds of plantain (1 tablespoon seeds per half a cup of boiling water), Kalanchoe juice (juice from leaves of the plant is diluted 1: 1 with warm water). Gadgets do for 10 minutes, changing the used cotton wool or bandage every 5 minutes. You can conduct the procedure 4-5 times a day.

With a slight irritation of the eyes and severe damage to them, you can use this unusual recipe. We clean 2 cucumbers and cut their peel into small parts. Add to the vegetable composition 1.5 cups of boiling water and half a teaspoon of soda. We warm the dishes and leave it for an hour. The filtered infusion is used for 15-minute compresses on the eyes, which need to be done twice a day.

Sea-buckthorn oil is a well-known wound-healing product that will help to quickly remove inflammation and pain. It should be dripped into the eye for 1-2 drops. The first 2-3 days instillation is carried out every hour, then the interval is increased to 3 hours.

Treatment with herbs and other folk remedies can be very effective, and quite often leads to a complete cure. And yet, for his own good, even after such treatment, it would not hurt to visit an ophthalmologist and make sure that the eye injury will not have unpleasant consequences associated with insufficient treatment.

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Homeopathy

With inflammatory complications of corneal injury, homeopathy can come to the rescue. The homoeopathic doctor will prescribe medications for internal and external use, based on the symptoms that arise as a result of a scratch on the eye, as well as the constitutional and psychophysical characteristics of the patient's body.

If, after the injury, reddening of the eye membranes, swelling of the mucous membranes, burning pain, translucent spots appear on the cornea, Apis preparation may be prescribed.

If the eye is not just inflamed, but also suppurates, the cornea becomes turbid, it will be more expedient to seek help from Calcium Sulfuricum.

If the scratch is deep or if there is inflammation, but minor pain can be prescribed Kali bichromicum.

With shallow scratches and sensation of a foreign body in the eye, the appearance of photophobia or thighs, Pulsatilla will be effective, and when the flies appear before the eyes, Ferula asafedita.

For external use, homeopathic eye drops are used:

"Okulokhel" is a preparation with anti-inflammatory, analgesic and some antimicrobial action, which can be successfully applied for damage to eye structures. Contains extracts of the ovary, echinacea, horseradish, pilocarpus.

Assign drops 10-day course 1 drop 4 times a day.

The drug is not used for hypersensitivity to it, for the treatment of children and pregnant women. May cause an allergic reaction.

Eye drops "Ephrazia" on the basis of the ovary plant can also be prescribed for inflammation of the cornea and sensation of a foreign body in the eye. The drug has anti-edematous and anti-inflammatory effect, improves metabolic processes in the tissues of the eye, which contributes to the rapid healing of wounds.

Apply the medication from the first days of the injury, digging the drug into the conjunctival sac 1 drop every 2 hours.

Vegetable drops with honey, vitamins and taurine "Okovirin" are used for various eye diseases. Herbal composition of the drug: extracts of the ovary, aloe, cornflower, grapes, gingko biloba. The drug is enriched with taurine, which promotes the regeneration of the tissues of the organ of vision, vitamins B1 and B5 (pantothenic acid, whose analogue is depanental).

The drug is antipyretic, anti-inflammatory, anti-edematous, bactericidal, wound-healing, restorative, immunomodulatory action, promotes vision improvement, prevents the appearance of scar formation.

With scratches and inflammation of the cornea, drops are prescribed thrice a day, 1-2 drops per eye. The course of treatment is not less than 2 weeks.

DreamTeam MagicEye ™ energy-information drops, based on innovative technologies that help to code water, i.e. Record on it the information of healthy cells. Washing with such water stimulates metabolic processes in the eyes, accelerates the regeneration of tissues, adjusts the body to self-healing, cell rejuvenation, which promotes vision improvement.

Prevention

Prevention of the appearance of a scratch on the eye is the observance of safety measures at work and at home, wearing protective eyewear, daily hygiene of the eyes and hands. If you can not avoid getting a foreign body into the eye, you can not prevent it from scratching the mucous membrane, if you do not rub your eyes and do not try to remove the "log" from your eye, no matter how large it may seem, with your fingers, fingernails and other improvised objects.

Forecast

To speak about the forecast of a scratch on an eye it is possible only in view of depth of damage, its localization, presence or absence of infectious complications. The best prognosis for superficial wounds without infection. Such damage heals in a short time and does not cause visual impairment.

The worst prognosis for deep damages of tissues with attachment of a bacterial, fungal or viral infection. Especially if the patient seeks help with severe purulent inflammation and impaired vision, i.e. In the advanced stage of the disease. In this case, the risk of various infectious complications (keratitis, cataract, spread of infection to the eyelid region), up to loss of vision, is great.