Sand in the kidneys of women and men: what to do, treatment with alternative means at home

Sand in the kidneys is one of the most common modern diagnoses. The concept of "sand" is conditional, since the role of sand is performed by finely divided particles - salts. Some types of salts are grouped together and form larger compounds - stones. Stones and sand in the kidneys indicate the development of urolithiasis or urolethyza.

Kidneys are a natural filter that cleans our blood, helps maintain the constancy of the internal environment of the body, maintains blood pressure and participates in the construction of red blood cells of blood.

Kidney diseases at first do not occur asymptomatically, in most cases the initial stage of kidney disease is detected by chance, for example, during a physical examination. Pain and discomfort in the kidney area indicate a neglected pathological process, the treatment of which is quite long and has many nuances.

[1], [2], [3], [4]

Epidemiology

Statistics show that more than 70% of cases of kidney diseases are diagnosed untimely, which greatly complicates treatment and leads to a number of severe consequences.

[5], [6]

Causes of the sand in the kidneys

Most pathology occurs as a consequence of metabolic disturbances, when the pH (reaction) of the medium changes. The normal pH is between 5-7. Depending on the reaction of urine, 2 types of sand (salts) in the kidneys are isolated:

1. Salts of alkaline urine (pH greater than 7).
2. Salts of acidic urine (pH less than 5).

Alkaline urine salts include tripolphosphates, urate ammonium and amorphous phosphates.

To salts of acid urine include urates, oxalates and crystals of uric acid.

These salts differ in appearance. Some of them are harmless, for example tripolphosphates. Others by their nature have uneven faces, prickly and pointed edges. Oxalate sand in the kidneys or salts of urate ammonium lead to damage to the kidney tissue, the walls of the ureters and the bladder. For this reason, the patient will feel that his kidneys are hurting because of the sand. Unpleasant sensations are greatly amplified when the sand leaves the kidneys.

The size of the sand in the kidney reflects the degree of the pathological process. The diameter of the particles to 3 mm indicates the presence of only sand, and larger ones - for the presence of stones.

A large amount of sand precipitates, which can be seen with the naked eye after urination. The color of the sediment varies depending on the type of salts, their density and the presence of additional impurities (mucus, pus, blood).

The causes of the appearance of sand in the kidneys are quite diverse. They include:

1. Injuries to the kidneys, including back injuries (fractures, bruises of the spine and separate vertebrae)
2. Congenital malformations of the kidneys, including agenesis (one kidney)
3. Disturbance of calcium and phosphorus metabolism due to hypofunction or hyperthyroidism of the parathyroid glands
4. Acute and chronic diseases of the urogenital organs
5. Unreasonable eating, excessive drinking, (especially wine and beer), sour, spicy and fried foods
6. Sharp transition to vegetarian diets with a predominance in the diet of fresh vegetables and fruits
7. Chronic Kidney Disease
8. Diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia (high content of fat particles in the blood)
9. Irradiation
10. Diseases of bone tissue (osteoporosis, osteomalacia), hypovitaminosis of vitamin D
11. Sedentary lifestyle, obesity
12. The use of poor quality water, unbalanced in chemical composition
13. Insufficient fluid intake
14. Subcooling, especially the legs and back
15. Prolonged nausea, vomiting, diarrhea

The slight sand in the kidneys during pregnancy, although it is a deviation from the norm, but not a cause for concern. Its appearance is due to the fact that the intrauterine development of the child requires full mobilization and intensive work of the mother's body, therefore the kidneys work in an enhanced mode. Correction of the diet under the supervision of the attending physician will help in the shortest possible time to establish their work.

[7], [8]

Risk factors

In the risk zone are people whose work activity takes place in a draft and in cold rooms. Working in chemical plants for the production of aniline dyes and pesticides can cause kidney disease due to the nephrotoxic effect of chemicals.

Another type of risk is the type of activity associated with injuries. Professional sports, in particular martial arts (boxing, Thai boxing, karate) can cause kidney disease on the basis of aggressive mechanical influence.

Excess weight and obesity increase the risk of urolithiasis due to a wide range of metabolic disorders (diabetes mellitus or gout accumulates under-oxidized metabolic products, pH shifts to a weakly acidic side, salts of acidic urine appear).

The presence of a history of kidney disease, such as pyelonephritis or glomerulonephritis, significantly increases the risk of developing kidney pathology, even after 10 years. Sand in the kidneys and pyelonephritis can indicate an acute inflammatory process on the soil of infection with a bacterial infection, as well as fungi of the genus Candida.

[9]

Symptoms of the sand in the kidneys

Symptoms of sand in the kidneys do not always have a pronounced clinical picture. At the beginning of the disease the patient feels symptoms of general malaise, minor weakness, swelling of the face in the morning, it is possible to form darkish circles under the eyes.

In the course of the development of the disease, the first signs appear, clearly indicating a kidney disease. They include:

1. Drawing pains in the lumbar region, which are localized on both sides or only on one side.
2. Rapid or vice versa, decreased urination.
3. The appearance of a characteristic sediment in the urine.
4. Change in color of urine is not related to nutrition.

Sand in the kidneys and blood during urination indicate damage to the walls of the organs of the urinary system. This is due to the fact that some types of salts have sharp edges. This condition is fraught with negative complications right up to the development of anemia.

Usually fine sand, unlike stones and large crystals, does not cause a person inconvenience.

Kidney stones can provoke renal colic. Renal colic is accompanied by severe pain and discomfort. The mechanism of development of renal colic is associated with a violation of urinary outflow from the kidney due to clogging with a stone. This leads to the dilatation of the renal pelvis (its function is to collect urine for further transportation through the ureter) and to disturb the renal circulation.

The kidneys in the kidney are more symptomatic. Most often, the passage of sand along the ureters and the urethra is accompanied by an increase in temperature and pain. The child loses his appetite, symptoms of intoxication appear. Urination is difficult, the child complains of incomplete emptying of the bladder.

Complications and consequences

In the absence of adequate treatment of sand in the kidneys develops urolithiasis. Against the background of loss of blood in the urine, anemia can develop. Violation of the renal circulation leads to an increase in blood pressure. Directly in the kidney occurs damage nephrons violated its filtration capacity, which can cause one of the most serious diseases - renal failure (chronic kidney disease).

If you do not follow a diet and do not take control tests, then there will be relapse, which will be more difficult every time.

[10], [11], [12], [13], [14], [15], [16]

Diagnostics of the sand in the kidneys

Diagnosis of sand in the kidney is performed by instrumental and laboratory methods of investigation. The final diagnosis is made after examination, collection of anamnesis and diagnosis.

Instrumental diagnostics is conducted to assess the anatomical and functional-morphological state of the kidneys.

With this pathology, the most common method of diagnosis is ultrasound. Ultrasound from different positions allows you to accurately determine the shape, position, shape of the kidneys, assess the condition of the calyx and pelvis, the thickness of the parenchyma. It is with the help of ultrasound that nephrolithiasis and salt formation are diagnosed.

For differential diagnostics, if suspicion of cyst formation or oncology is suspected, more accurate methods of investigation, for example, magnetic resonance imaging or computed tomography, can be used. Radiography for the study of the kidney is practically not used, as the loops of the intestine can distort the contours in the image.

A small amount of sand can not always be seen on ultrasound. Therefore, the next stage of diagnosis is a laboratory urine test.

For general analysis, it is necessary to collect morning urine immediately after waking up in a special jar. The analysis is preferably delivered to the laboratory within the first two hours.

For the diagnosis of salts, a lab technician evaluates the color of urine, conducts microscopy of sediment to determine the type of salts, cellular elements and epithelium. Using a special test strip, the pH of the urine is determined.

Another important analysis is the study of blood for general analysis and biochemistry. A general blood test helps to identify associated pathological conditions - the inflammatory process and anemia. Among the biochemical indicators, creatinine and urea occupy a special place (diagnostics of the excretory function of the kidneys), and uric acid (the indicator of purine base exchange).

[17], [18], [19], [20], [21], [22], [23]

Treatment of the sand in the kidneys

Complex treatment of sand in the kidneys includes drug therapy, diet therapy and drinking regimen. Physiotherapy treatment is indicated in the presence of concrements.

Drugs for removing sand from the kidneys are prescribed in the absence of large stones, otherwise the stone will close the lumen of the ureter and urgent surgical intervention will be required.

1. Cyston with sand in the kidneys removes inflammation and has a diuretic effect. The drug improves renal circulation, relieves spasms of blood vessels, promotes the excretion of calcium salts, oxalic acid and hydroxyproline. Cyston softens the kidney stones by affecting the substance that holds the crystals together. Other active ingredients act against pathogenic Gram-negative microorganisms. Produced in the form of tablets, adults and children over 14 are given 2 tablets 3 times a day after meals. Children under 14 years of age have 1 or 0.5 tablets, depending on the condition of the child and the doctor's recommendations. The course of treatment is 1-2 months. The drug is well tolerated and does not cause adverse reactions. With individual intolerance, an allergic reaction may occur.
2. Kanefron with sand in the kidneys are used as an antispasmodic, analgesic, antioxidant and diuretic. The therapeutic effect on the tubular and glomerular system of the kidneys reduces the release of protein in the urine and improves reabsorption. Plant components have bactericidal action. Issued in the form of drops and tablets for oral administration. Adults and children over 12 years are prescribed 50 drops (2 tablets) 3 times a day for 4-6 weeks. Kanefron is well tolerated by patients, but individual intolerance to certain components is possible.
3. The use of Urolesan with sand in the kidney is shown mainly in pyelonephritis and cystitis. It is also a herbal preparation, however, it acidifies the urine, which is contraindicated in the formation of salts of acidic urine. It has antiseptic properties and increases diuresis. Assign 8 to 10 drops per piece of sugar, which is placed under the tongue. The course of treatment is from 5 to 30 days. The intake of Urolesan should be combined with an abundant drink to prevent a feeling of nausea.
4. Phytolysin is used as a diuretic, bacteriostatic and analgesic. Phytolysin promotes softening of the stones and excretion of them with urine. Assign for cystitis, inflammation of the urinary tract and pelvis. Contraindication is the presence of phosphate stones. The preparation is produced in the form of a paste. A teaspoon of the paste is dissolved in 100 ml of warm water and drunk after a meal. The course of treatment is 1-2 months.
5. Furamag is an antimicrobial agent derived from nitrofurans. The drug does not affect the pH of urine, has a wide range of antibacterial effects.

Indications for use are purulent-inflammatory diseases of the urinary system. The preparation is released in the form of capsules. Adults prescribe 50-100 mg 3 times a day for 10 days. With a longer duration of admission, nausea, vomiting, and pain in the epigastric region may occur. In this case, you must cancel the drug and consult a doctor.

6. Antibiotics with sand in the kidneys are prescribed in case of attachment of a secondary bacterial infection. In this case, Ceftriaxone 1.0 is administered for intramuscular injection. The drug is released in the form of a powder, which must be dissolved with injectable water and ice medicine (in the absence of allergies).

Dietotherapy

The diet with sand in the kidneys depends on the type of salts formed.

It is important to remember that alcohol in the sand in the kidneys is contraindicated in any case.

The appearance of alkaline urine (phosphate) salts indicates that the diet needs to be slightly acidified. The basis of this diet is protein food, namely lean chicken and veal in boiled or baked form, lean fish, steam omelettes, eggs, fermented milk products (cottage cheese, yogurt, yogurt), cheese, cheese, fruit (except bananas and grapes). Mineral water with sand in the kidneys should be "acidic" (Mirgorodskaya, Narzan). Ordinary drinking water can be slightly acidified with natural apple cider vinegar or lemon (3-4 drops per glass of water). It is very important not to overeat and avoid fried, sweet, buttery and very fatty foods.

Salts of acid urine indicate the need to alkalize the diet. Nutrition in acid sand in the kidneys (urate and oxalate) is aimed at reducing the synthesis of uric acid. Limit the consumption of meat (in boiled 2-3 times a week), cheese, smoked products, sour fruits and completely exclude strong meat and bone broths, coffee, mushrooms, sorrel, chocolate, muffins, canned food and pickled vegetables. To make a diet menu with sand in the kidneys, you need to take into account the sex and age of the person. It shows the use of dairy products, eggs (no more than 1 per day), cereals from various cereals, salads from boiled and fresh vegetables. Mineral water should be alkaline, for example Truskavets.

[24],

Treatment with alternative means

• Recipe # 1

Rosehip from sand in the kidneys is one of the most popular alternative means. It is important to remember that it can not be used in the presence of oxalates and urates. The fact that the dog rose contains a large amount of vitamin C (ascorbic acid), which can enhance the formation of salts.

Salts of alkaline urine are well treatable with rose hips. To prepare the broth, take 3 tablespoons with a glass of rose hips, put in enameled dishes, pour water and put on a water bath. Rosehip is insisted on a water bath for half an hour, after which it must be cooled, hips pressed through the cheesecloth and all the liquid drained into a separate container. Drink a warm drink 30 minutes before meals 4 times a day. The course of treatment is 20-30 days. Next, you need to take a 10-day break and then repeat the course of treatment.

• Recipe No. 2

100 g of crushed sunflower root is placed in boiling water (2.5 - 3 liters). We boil for five minutes under the closed lid and we insist until the broth cools down. The broth is stored in the refrigerator. Every day, for a month, you need to drink a liter (divided into 4 meals) of this liquid 30 minutes before meals or 1 hour after meals.

• Recipe # 3

For the third recipe, you need to take the leaves and roots of parsley. You can use fresh raw materials and dried herbs. Thoroughly mix, crush. 1 tablespoon of the mixture with a slide pour 300 ml of boiling water and insist under the lid for 2-3 hours. The glass is drunk three times at regular intervals. The course of treatment is 3 weeks.

• Recipe No. 4

Spores of sand in the kidneys is best cooked in the evening and insist in a thermos. 5-6 tablespoons herb spores are placed in a one-liter thermos, pour boiling water and insist 10 hours. Pollechennuyu liquid drink 3-4 times a half hour before meals. The course of treatment is 10 days.

• Recipe No. 5

Well helps soda from the sand in the kidneys, which forms acidic stones. For treatment, it is necessary to dissolve 1 teaspoon of soda without a slide in a glass of warm water and drink in the morning immediately after awakening. The course of treatment is 1 month.

It is not necessary to use soda more than the norm: an excess of alkali is also harmful, as well as a defect.

Homeopathy

Homeopathic treatment prevents stone formation, contributes to the slowing down of the growth of stones, stops the pain symptom with renal colic.

Calcarea Carbonica (carbon dioxide lime) favorably affects all organs and systems of the body. It is a non-toxic substance, unlike other homeopathic remedies. The remedy is used to restore the damaged mucous walls of the urino-genital organs, as well as to normalize the salt metabolism. Dosage is appointed individually and depends on the patient's condition.

Kolokunsis and Dioscrew are prescribed to relieve pain in renal colic. The drugs have analgesic and antispasmodic effect, improve the blood circulation of the kidneys.

Beladonna (Krasavka) is used to treat inflammatory processes in the genitourinary system, with urinary incontinence. The plant is poisonous, so it is important not to overdose the drug. Beladonna removes spasms and relaxes the musculature of the ureters.

The above-described preparations are released in the form of granules. Dosage and frequency of admission is prescribed by the attending physician. Kolokunsis and Dioscore are used as symptomatic treatment, Beladonna and Kalkarei - courses.

The above preparations, with the exception of the Beladonna, are well tolerated by the body and do not cause any side effects. The drug Béadonna is effective, but not always well tolerated by patients. If the correct dosage is observed, it does not cause adverse reactions.

Surgery

Sand in the kidneys does not need surgical treatment. The indication for the operation is the presence of large concrements larger than 5 mm.

There are two types of surgical treatment: pyelolithotomy and nephrolithotomy.

In pyelolithotomy surgically, an incision is made to the pelvis of the kidney, from which the stones are removed.

With nephrolithotomy, an incision is made along the entire kidney. This operation is more complicated due to damage to the parenchyma of the organ.

These methods fall into the background because of high traumatization and long-term recovery.

The most common methods of combating kidney stones: remote lithotripsy (crushing stones without incisions), transcutaneous lithotripsy (carried out through a small incision in the lumbar region) and laser crushing.

Non-invasive therapy has a number of advantages: the absence of a long recovery period, a rapid return to normal life rhythm, practically has no contraindications, is relatively painless and does not damage the parenchyma of the kidney.

Prevention

Prevention of kidney disease is the observance of diet, drinking regimen and motor activity. The patient should get rid of excess weight and perform daily light physical exercises.

Every six months, it is necessary to take a urinalysis test to assess kidney function. If the sand in the kidneys was very much, during the first year the urine test should be taken every 2 months.

[25]

Forecast

This disease can not be cured completely. Complete absence of symptoms and good health are signs of a stable remission. If the above recommendations are observed, the forecast can be considered favorable.

[26], [27]