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Rhinoscopy
Last reviewed: 19.10.2021
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[Indications for a Rhinoscopy
Indications - diagnostic tests conducted in the nasal cavity. In fact, this is the standard ENT study. Most patients are advised anterior rhinoscopy. The main indications for the study is the constant bleeding from the nose, for some strange reason. Determine what caused the problem is difficult, so you need to carefully examine the nasal passages.
They resort to it with sinusitis, rhinitis, and hay fever. Widely apply it when curving the septum of the nose. Indications for use may be trauma to the face and skull. Polyps, adenoids and headaches of unclear etiology are the cause of this study.
The most complicated procedure is a posterior rhinoscopy. It is performed exclusively in the presence of edema of the mucosa, tonsils and hypertrophy of the tonsils. Children often feel fear for her, so it is not so easy to spend it. Therefore, babies are recommended simply to feel the nasopharynx, without using mirrors.
When there is any disease of the upper respiratory tract, it is necessary to resort to a special study. It includes examination of the throat, nose, mouth. First, the specialist should feel everything, examine the color and integrity of the covers. If this does not give any result, and does not help to get a general picture of the disease, special equipment is used.
Preparation for a Rhinoscopy
Preparation for a rhinoscopy does not require additional measures. It is quite easy for a doctor to mentally adjust a person to this procedure. For this, the course of the action itself is told, and the basic rules of behavior during the endoscopic examination are voiced. In order to improve the quality of diagnosis, it is necessary to resort to the use of effective anesthesia.
The mucous membrane is sprayed with a special agent that has a decongestant and analgesic effect. This will avoid a person uncomfortable sensations and pronounced edema of tissues. If a routine examination is planned, then lidocaine is taken. If the doctor plans to perform a surgical intervention, then naturally, it is advisable to apply general anesthesia.
During the study, patients should completely relax, otherwise there will be discomfort. The doctor in some cases changes the position of the human head during manipulation. The patient should be less worried and do not make any sudden movements. If there is a strong fear, unexpected painful sensations - it is necessary to inform the doctor about it. Rhinoscopy is a demanded procedure that allows you to identify otolaryngological pathologies.
Technique for the Rhinoscopy
The technique of performing a rhinoscopy is complex, it is performed exclusively by a doctor. The main instrument is the rhinoscope. It belongs to a number of complex equipments. It is represented by two tubes, one of them is inserted into the nasopharynx, and the second one is used for examination.
This device has many modifications. They differ in the length of the injected part. The differences are in diameter, as well as the angle of view. In children it is carried out with the help of ear cannulae. Older children are introduced a special glass, with a small diameter. If the study is carried out in a small child, then it involves two doctors. One should investigate, the other should keep the baby so that he does not make unnecessary movements.
On a mucous membrane of a nose put a special anesthetic, usually apply Lidocaine. First, the patient's head is fixed. To do this, the specialist should place his right hand on the back of the patient. Then start slowly inserting the mirror into your nose (closed). The distance depends on the expected disease, usually it is from 3 to 20 mm. The cheeks of the mirror begin to slowly move apart so as not to cause pain to the person. Then proceed to the examination. If a good examination fails, a probe is used.
Endoscopic Rhinoscopy
It is a therapeutic and diagnostic procedure that allows you to explore the structure of the nose. This technique allows for minimally invasive procedures. Modern specialists often resort to the help of this technique.
Endoscopy is really effective. Thanks to her, revealing pathologies of the mucosa becomes real. Even some microsurgical operations are performed using this technique. This is really a breakthrough in modern medicine.
To carry out its use endoscopic equipment, of course, modern. It should be noted that the rhinoscopy includes several types. Often give preference to anterior and posterior examination.
Endoscopy in the nose should be carried out exclusively by specialists. They must understand how this is done, and be able to really help a person, and not harm. If you comply with all the rules, then the patient's health will not be threatened. Such a study is very informative.
Anterior rhinoscopy
Includes two positions for carrying out this procedure. So, for the first variant, the front sections of the bottom of the nasopharynx, the septum, the general and lower nasal passages, as well as the anterior end of the inferior shell are characteristic. This will allow you to assess the condition of the nasal passages and notice the existing pathologies.
The mucous membrane is lubricated by special means, which narrow the vessels. This allows you to inspect the back of the nasopharynx. In the second position, a person should throw his head. This will allow the specialist to consider the middle shell and nasal passage. A good view of the middle part of the septum and the trellis vesicle.
It's not that complicated. But still, it requires some moral preparation. A person can be frightened and unpleasant, but this can not be avoided. Naturally, if the doctor is going to undergo a surgical procedure, then a general anesthesia is used. In general, the procedure is carried out, solely based on specific indications.
Rear Rhinoscopy
Can be used to study the posterior nasal cavity. In order to conduct a study, you will have to use a special spatula. Thanks to him, the tongue is pressed, the other hand needs to carefully insert the mirror.
So that a person does not suffer from a vomitive reflex, which manifests itself quite often, the patient should relax. In addition, he needs to breathe through his nose and open his mouth wide. This will allow you to get a drooping of the soft palate, which will allow to consider the nasopharynx. If vomiting still begins, it is advisable to irrigate the mucosa with local anesthesia. This will stop a persistent gag reflex.
When using it, a fibroscope is used. Sometimes a tip is used, at the end of which there is an illuminator. Usually such a miracle-invention is almost every physician working with optics. With the introduction of a fibroscope, the opener, pharynx and pharyngeal pockets are examined. You can see the soft palate and nasal concha.
Direct Rhinoscopy
No different from the front. Moreover, this is it. As stated above, the procedure has two main positions of conduct. The first method is characterized by a light examination of the septum, anterior sections of the nasopharynx. It allows you to carefully examine the nasal passages.
During this process, it is possible to examine the posterior wall of the pharynx. Before this, it is desirable to irrigate the mucosa with vasoconstrictor. The second position requires special fixation of the head. Man needs to throw it back. In this situation, it is possible to examine the middle part of the septum. Under examination, the middle nasal passage and the trellis vesicle enter.
It is one of the simplest. It does not bring much discomfort to a person. It is enough for a person to relax and not be afraid. The mucous membrane is treated with a special anesthetic, which virtually eliminates the possibility of pain.
Mean Rhinoscopy
It assumes the same position as in the front version of the study. It is performed by means of a mirror, which is inserted into the nasal passages. And it is made exclusively in a closed form. To remove unpleasant symptoms, it is necessary to lubricate the mucous membrane with vasoconstrictor.
When the mirror is entered, the wings begin to slowly move apart. Thus, the middle shell is displaced. This allows you to carefully examine the nasal passage. This procedure is very effective. It allows you to fully explore the nasopharynx.
If a mirror is inserted between the middle shell and the septum itself, then the whole olfactory area falls into the field of vision. It should be noted that it is complex, it requires special preparation. In doing so, it brings discomfort. Prepare for the procedure is not necessary.
Retrograde Rhinoscopy
This is a complete analog of the back study. Simply put, this is simply the second name of the procedure. This study is conducted to examine the nasopharynx. To hold it, the doctor should take a spatula in his hands, press the tongue to the bottom and start the introduction of a nasopharyngeal mirror with his right hand. It is important to preheat it in advance. The input is made by the mirror side and is brought almost to the rear wall.
To avoid a vomiting reflex, the patient should be reassured. Moreover, he himself needs to start breathing his nose with his mouth wide open. Simultaneously with this process, the soft sky relaxes and dangles. This allows a good examination of the nasopharynx. If the gag reflex is strong, it is recommended to lubricate the mucosa with special medications.
In some cases, a fibroscope is used to perform the procedure. Sometimes a special tip can perform its role. This allows you to fully examine the nasopharynx.
Carrying out a child's rhinoscopy
A child's rhinoscopy is performed in a certain order. It is worth noting that only the front type of examination is used for the study. If the anterior rhinoscopy is performed in a young child, then the doctor's assistant must take it in his arms. Then, with one hand, press against his body. This fixes the child's hand. The doctor, meanwhile, keeps his head in his hand. It is important to accept the position correctly.
Other methods are not used. As for older children, it's enough to fix his head and start entering a closed mirror. But the child needs to be reassured. Because she can scare him. It is desirable the presence of parents. The analgesic is necessarily applied to the mucous membrane. This will avoid unpleasant sensations. If the child is very scared and there is a strange pain, you need to stop the procedure. In general, for a baby this is a real stress. Even though it's only an easy form of research. Therefore, it is better to start preparing in advance. It is easier to conduct a study with a baby, because by his age, he does not understand what is happening. With children who consciously go with their parents to the hospital it is not so simple.
The norm of a rhinoscopy
The norm is in special anatomical characteristics. So, normally the soft sky should be mobile, the left and right sides are symmetrical. When examining the mucosa, close attention is paid to the color and surface. So, in normal the mucous membrane is smooth, pink, as for the arches, they are contoured.
As for the tonsils, or rather the mucous membrane, it should be pink, moist. The surface is smooth at that, the mouth of the lacuna is closed, there is no separable "material" in them. Normally there is no content in the crypts or it is meager.
When examining the mucosa of the posterior pharynx wall, attention is drawn to the color and surface. So in norm it is pink, smooth, moist on the surface of prominent rare lymphoid granules.
The nasopharynx in adults should be free. As for the mucosa, its color is pink. Nasal conchae also have a pink tint, and the surface is smooth, nasal passages are completely free.
Complications after a rhinoscopy
Complications after rhinoscopy are usually not observed. This is not such a complicated procedure as it might seem at first glance. If it is done correctly, then there can not be any problems. This method of research is highly valued. Therefore, it is important to keep the results.
It is important to just find a good clinic and agree on the research. This will protect against the appearance of unpleasant complications. In fact, nothing terrible after the procedure can not happen. The maximum is damage to the mucosa due to incorrect entry of closed mirrors. To avoid trouble, it is enough to follow all the doctor's instructions. As mentioned above, it should be an expert who understands the essence of this method.
Man can do himself harm. So much depends on the patient. If he does not perform unnecessary movements and impede the conduct of the procedure, no complications arise.
Where is rhinoscopy done?
Naturally, many people are interested in the question, and where to make a rhinoscopy. So, there are special clinics for it. It's enough just to call and make an appointment. In some cases, referral is required, but all these nuances are negotiated directly with each medical institution separately.
- Healthy Tonsils clinic has proved to be well established. She is engaged in rhinoscopy and eliminates the underlying pathologies of the nasopharynx. There is an institution at the address: 02068, Kiev, st. Anna Akhmatova, 30.
- It's worth paying attention to the Metropolitan Clinic. It was located at the address Kiev, st. Lepse, 4a (on the basis of the "Clinic Hippocrates"). Near the metro Shuliavskaya.
- You can also seek help in the family medicine clinic "Healthy Family". It is located at: Kruglouniversitetskaya str., 3-5 (Pechersky district, center).
- Get advice and conduct the procedure at the medical center of Awesana. It was located at the address: Kiev, ul. Berdichevskaya 1, 1st floor (entrance from Degtyaryovskaya street). Two minutes from the metro Lukyanovskaya.
- Quality and fast assistance is provided in the medical clinic "Hippocrates". It was located at the address: Kiev, Center - ul. Gorky, 155, Podil - st. Shchekavitskaya, 36, Troieschyna, ul. Lavrukhina, 6, Vinogradar - st. Porika, 9a), ul. V. Getman 1 (m. Shulyavskaya metro station).
Price of a rhinoscope
The price of a rhinoscope can vary depending on the location of the clinic. Naturally, the price category is affected by the qualifications of specialists and the complexity of the situation. Therefore, it is better not to save on this procedure. In general, this can not be done, especially when it comes to health.
Its cost is among the expensive. So, for the study will have to pay from 500 hryvnia. Much depends on the specialization of the clinic and its profile. In general, the procedure can reach 1000 hryvnia.
In multidisciplinary medical institutions, the cost can reach up to 2 thousand hryvnia. In any case, when choosing a clinic, it is worth starting from the existing problem and the testimony for which it is required. As mentioned above, you should not save on your own health. Therefore, the clinic should be selected exclusively for the quality of the services provided. Capital medical institutions meet all quality standards.
Reviews of the Rhinoscopy
Reviews about a rhinoscope can be both positive and negative. Here everything depends on many criteria. So, if you leave feedback, based on general impressions, then they are not very good. Still, because during the procedure a person feels uncomfortable. Therefore, the study does not bring him a positive result. From the health point of view, yes, but based on the sensations there. Therefore, many reviews bear an unfavorable character.
If we consider this issue from the point of view of improving health, then the reviews are exceptionally positive. Such a study allows you to carefully examine the nasopharynx and identify the underlying pathologies in it. Thanks to the technique, it will be possible to eliminate existing problems and make life easier for a person. After all, it is not always possible to establish the presence of a problem by visual inspection without the use of special equipment. Rinoskopiya allows you to quickly identify the problem and solve it. Consider this procedure in terms of feedback is silly. As mentioned above, they are negative because of discomfort and positive for the care provided.