Pyromania

Fire is a fascinating sight, which is hard to remain indifferent to. It is not for nothing that they say that it is one of the three things that you can watch forever. Moreover, the attraction to fire is embedded in a person since childhood. First, pranks with matches, determining which objects and substances burn and which do not, then games and songs around the fire, which gradually flow into adulthood, gatherings by the lit fireplace, etc., etc. After all, fire for a person is warmth and comfort. And therefore, there is nothing shameful in the fact that a person admires bright tongues of flame, unless of course this is a fire set by the observer himself only for pleasure. Since such a hobby is no longer the norm of behavior. This is a mental disorder that has its own name, and its name is pyromania.

The name of the pathology itself consists of two parts. "Pyro" means fire, and "mania" is an excessive, almost uncontrollable and logically explainable passion for something. For pyromaniacs, the object of worship is fire, which occupies all of a person's thoughts and is the engine of his actions.

The pathological passion to set fire, watch fire and even fight it pushes a person to inadequate actions, from which, by the way, he does not receive any benefit (and does not even strive!). It is this feature of people diagnosed with "pyromania" that distinguishes them from ordinary avengers, hooligans and swindlers who pursue the goal of harming someone, getting material benefits, hiding traces of fraud.

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Epidemiology

Statistics claim that the passion for arson is more characteristic of men than women. According to psychophysiologists, the passion for fire in the male population is directly related to the production of the male hormone testosterone. It is this hormone that causes the search for thrills in adolescence, when it is most actively produced. Some teenage boys during puberty satisfy the need for such sensations by organizing arson. Here you have danger, risk, and the opportunity to prove yourself, and most importantly, to feel power over the elements and people.

As for women, pyromaniacs are rather an exception to the rule. Usually, such representatives of the weaker sex have other mental deviations or manias. They are prone to aimless theft (kleptomania) and are promiscuous in sexual relations (sexual deviations).

It is worth saying that pyromania in its pure form is a great rarity. It is usually accompanied by other mental pathologies (for example, schizophrenia, obsessive states), which reduces control over what is happening, reduces the inhibition reactions of the nervous system, and does not allow one to realistically assess the risks and consequences.

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Risk factors

Risk factors for the development of pyromania, in addition to humiliation and deficiencies in upbringing, include living in a single-parent family. Currently, many children are raised without a father who once abandoned his family, and the child's desire is to get his dad back by any means: by attracting attention, creating situations that threaten the child's life, which can include arson. The child or teenager does not fully understand the danger of such behavior, and does not think about the fact that the father may not even know about the danger threatening his child.

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Pathogenesis

In psychology, pyromania is related to impulsive behavior disorders. Usually, people tend to initially think about their actions and their consequences. That is, the impulse (or desire to do something) runs into a wall of thoughts. If a person realizes the danger or unattractiveness of the desire that has arisen, which is the driving force behind the actions, the impulse fades away without turning into action.

Impulsive people are those whose actions are ahead of rational thoughts. Thinking over the motives for the action occurs later, when the discharge has been received. Something similar is noted in pyromaniacs. They have an uncontrollable, unmotivated desire to set something on fire, and the sight of a blazing fire causes delight and satisfaction in the soul of such people. At the same time, pleasure is given not only by contemplating the flame and the moment of arson itself, but also by preparing for the event, which absorbs a person entirely. Making a plan for an event, thinking about moments, anticipating the event already makes a pyromaniac happy.

The pathogenesis of this phenomenon has not been fully studied by scientists. However, many agree that pyromania is not a full-fledged disease, but only a symptom of some mental pathology, against the background of which it develops. Therefore, some people, with all their fascination with the fiery extravaganza, do not feel any particular worship of fire, while others are fixated on the idea of becoming its master.

There are several theories explaining the human attraction to fire. The first one dates back to the 20s of the last century. Its founder was the famous psychologist Sigmund Freud, who saw fire as a symbol of sexuality. It is no wonder that candles have become an integral attribute of an intimate romantic setting.

Fire is, first of all, warmth. This is the sensation that a person experiences during sexual arousal. He feels a pleasant warmth spreading throughout his body. Freud associates the shape of fire and the movement of flames with the male penis.

According to this theory, pyromaniac arsonists do not need any benefit from their actions. The motive for their actions is the desire to receive sexual satisfaction, which they experience by watching the fire. However, this theory does not quite explain the fixation on thoughts about the flame and the pleasure of preparing to set the fire, when the person does not yet experience the heat itself, except perhaps by means of self-hypnosis to induce imaginary sensations.

The second theory goes back deep into the past. Even ancient people worshiped fire as a source of warmth, light and comfort. This attitude towards fire was formed at the level of instinct, which was partially lost in the process of evolution. The attitude towards fire has become more pragmatic, but not for everyone. Some people, according to this theory, are still unable to fight the instinctive craving, so they try to bring the object of their affection to light at any opportunity.

This theory can explain the impulsive behavior of pyromaniacs, who can commit arson without prior preparation, simply at the behest of their hearts, without fully realizing the dangerous consequences of their actions. But pyromaniacs' behavior can be different. They can carefully plan an arson for a long time, choosing the right place and time, without experiencing a negative attitude towards the victims of their actions, and then actively participate in extinguishing the fire and eliminating its consequences, receiving no less pleasure from this.

This behavior can be explained by another theory, which considers pyromania as one of the possibilities of dominance. A person who wants to be a leader, but does not have the appropriate qualities, with the help of a fire prepared by him, gets the opportunity to subjugate not only the fire, but also other people, who are forced to fight the flames against their will.

According to the same theory, pyromania is an opportunity for self-expression for people rejected by society. In this way, they get rid of the burden of negative emotions and experiences about their failure.

Taking an active part in extinguishing a fire, pyromaniacs feel their power over fire, their importance. It is this aspect of the firefighter's profession that attracts such people who are happy to work in the fire service. Moreover, they themselves give work to their colleagues, personally setting fires and heroically participating in their liquidation. But in this way, you can gain the respect of other people.

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Symptoms pyromaniacs

Usually, when preparing an arson, people pursue a certain goal. For some, it is revenge, for others, it is a desire to harm, and still others want to get material benefits from it. In this case, a person gets satisfaction not from preparing for the operation, but from the result and the reaction to it.

Pyromaniacs are different. The only vague goal of these people is to get pleasure from contemplating fire (in some cases, sexual pleasure) and the possibility of defeating it. They are brought into a state of indescribable delight by the very idea of arson, which they savor in every detail. A person can spend hours looking at the fire, thinking about the plan of arson, time and place, mentally drawing pictures of the raging elements, and from this they already receive some satisfaction.

When a person with pyromania gets the opportunity to carry out his plan, and he succeeds, real euphoria sets in. Thus, the pyromaniac feels happy both during the preparation and at the moment of implementation of the plan.

Pyromaniacs have no intention of harming anyone or profiting from arson, which is what distinguishes them from ordinary people. Many of them are characterized by naive impulsiveness, which does not allow them to soberly assess the risk and insecurity of the undertaking. But even those who understand this do not fully understand why this should not be done.

Pyromaniacs enjoy not only the preparation and process of setting a fire, but also the opportunity to participate in extinguishing a fire. For this reason, they show a keen interest not only in means capable of reproducing fire, but also in objects and equipment used in fire extinguishing (fire extinguishers, fire hoses, specially equipped vehicles).

But you can't call a person a pyromaniac just because he likes to make fire and watch it. Just like not everyone who works in the fire service has a pathological passion for fire and firefighting. In order to be diagnosed with pyromania, a person must have certain symptoms.

The first signs of pyromania are considered to be a fascination with everything related to fire and a tendency to start unmotivated fires.

In order to suspect a person of pyromania, one must note the following signs in his behavior:

• repeated attempts to commit arson (successful and unsuccessful) without a specific goal or motive, the goal being the arson itself, while there is an element of spontaneity both in the choice of the object and in the very emergence of the desire to set something on fire (at least 2 such cases),
• arson can be either well-planned as a result of obsessive thoughts about fire, or carried out under the influence of a sudden impulse,
• absence of personal gain, material interest, motives of revenge or envy, do not express any protest, do not aim to hide traces of criminal activity,
• confident actions are observed, without unnecessary fuss, despite the excitement and some tension on the eve of the event,
• there is a feeling of relief and some euphoria after setting a fire, as well as after extinguishing it, which is often noted among pyromaniacs,
• there is a great inexplicable interest in things that are somehow connected with fire, thoughts on the themes of fire, ways of extracting and extinguishing it,
• there is a pleasure associated with the contemplation of a burning flame, which is why pyromaniacs are often present where a fire occurs that they did not cause,
• there are false fire calls, reports of arson that have no basis, which are also typical of some pyromaniacs,
• noticeable sexual arousal at the sight of a blazing fire,
• there are constant obsessive thoughts about a fire and how to start one,
• immediately before and during the arson, affective behavior is observed, the person has poor self-control in the process of achieving satisfaction,
• there is a fanatical attitude towards fire, so a person can spend hours admiring the blazing flame,
• In true pyromania, there are no delusional states or hallucinations that could provoke arson.

Very often, pyromaniacs are not only the instigators of the fire, but also actively help to extinguish it, sometimes choosing the path of a firefighter for this purpose alone. This point is also a distinctive feature of pyromaniacs, who do not try to escape from the scene of the crime, as do criminals who commit arson for a specific purpose, and not for the sake of arson itself and the pleasure they get from it. On the contrary, they are attentive observers of the fire action or active fire extinguishers.

Pyromania in children

Such a pathology as pyromania, in most cases, begins in childhood. Children under 3 rarely pay attention to fire and are not interested in ways to light it. But starting from the age of three, this moment becomes especially interesting to children, which is why they so willingly reach for matches and lighters.

Who of us in childhood did not try to light a match, set fire to paper, poplar fluff or a bird feather, or make a fire? All these manifestations are not signs of pyromania in children until they become chronic.

Usually, children's interest in matches and fire fades very quickly after several attempts to independently produce a flame or set something on fire. Playing with fire and sitting around a campfire are replaced by other interests. And only pyromaniacs remain true to their hobbies. Almost all the games of children-pyromaniacs are directly or indirectly related to fire and means for starting or extinguishing it.

It is worth paying attention to the child if he often reaches for matches, constantly mentions flames, fires, arson in conversation, i.e. everything related to fire, the theme of fire increasingly flashes in his drawings. The task of parents is to show the baby to a psychologist who will be able to recognize the pathology in time and correct the child's behavior.

It is important to understand that this is not just a wish. Children's pyromania has its own unpleasant features. The fact is that the sense of danger in children is not yet sufficiently developed, so they do not realize how much risk they themselves are taking and what trouble they are causing to others. For a child, playing with fire is just "harmless" entertainment, even if this craving for fire is considered abnormal by adults.

It is even worse if pyromania develops in adolescence, which is characterized by negativity, denial of prohibitions and some cruelty. During this period, it is very difficult to distinguish a true pyromaniac from a teenager trying to attract attention in such an unnatural way as arson, the use of firecrackers and other actions with fire.

Psychologists believe that pyromania that develops in adolescence is even more dangerous than in childhood. It has a more destructive and even cruel character. Teenagers tend to understand that they will have to answer for their actions, but this only fuels their ardor, because in the eyes of their friends and peers they (in the opinion of the teenagers themselves) will look like heroes.

Arson in teenagers is often a manifestation of negativity. In this way, they try to resist generally accepted behavior, prove their case, stand out from the "gray mass". But such behavior of a teenager can not always be associated with pyromania. If obsessive thoughts about fire are absent, and arson is only a way to prove something (i.e. has a certain clear goal), it is unlikely that such a teenager can be called a pyromaniac.

By the way, the combination of such qualities in a child or teenager as an abnormal passion for arson and cruelty towards animals, according to psychologists, most likely indicates that in adulthood he will quite often show aggression and use violence against people.

Forms

A phenomenon such as pyromania does not have a clear classification, because, despite the similarity of symptoms, it can occur against the background of various mental disorders and in each specific case have its own special manifestations.

If we take into account that a small part of pyromaniacs does not have mental deviations, then this part of people can be singled out as a special group, and the pathological desire for fire and arson can be called primary pyromania. It is necessary to understand that mania developed in such people on its own, and did not appear as one of the symptoms of mental pathology.

If pyromania manifests itself against the background of mental disorders, it can be designated as secondary in relation to the main disease. Thus, a tendency to arson is characteristic of people with obsessive states, schizophrenics. In schizophrenia, arson is not typical behavior, but it can provoke delusional states and hallucinations, from which a person will again try to get rid of with the help of fire, finding protection and satisfaction in it.

Often pyromania occurs against the background of obsessive-compulsive disorder. In this case, it has its own characteristics. Here, there is awareness of one's absurd behavior during arson, which has no purpose or benefit. However, a person cannot resist his impulsive desires, i.e. continues to perform actions that are meaningless from a logical point of view.

An abnormal fascination with fire can also manifest itself in people with psychosexual deviations, for whom fire, as a symbol of sexuality and power, takes on the role of a kind of idol (sacrificial fire), enhancing sexual arousal up to orgasm.

Pyromania can also be observed against the background of organic brain damage, manifesting itself in the loss of the ability to understand the consequences of one's actions. For such a person, setting fire is an innocent pastime that, in his opinion, does not pose a danger.

Pyromania is often combined with alcoholism. And this is a truly explosive mixture, since alcoholic pyromaniacs have virtually no control over their desires and actions, and the consequences of their actions are not fully realized. At the same time, a person often does not consider himself guilty of arson at all, and speaks about it so sincerely, as if he himself believes in his innocence.

Children's and adolescent pyromania can be distinguished as separate subspecies, which have their own characteristics and differ somewhat from adult pyromania.

Research in the field of childhood and adolescent pyromania has allowed us to divide juvenile pyromaniacs into 2 groups:

• The first group includes children aged 5-10, for whom arson is a kind of game, an experiment with fire. These children have an inquisitive mind and often play the role of a "great scientist" or "fire master", without realizing the danger of such fun.

Children from this group do not have mental or cognitive disabilities, and therefore the group is called non-pathological.

• The second group of children and teenagers is different in that for them, arson is not a game, but an opportunity to express themselves, vent their aggression, ask for help, etc. This group of young people has several subgroups:

• Children and teenagers for whom arson is a kind of cry for help. In this way, the teenager tries to draw the attention of his elders to problems that are too much for him (divorce of parents and leaving the family of one of them, domestic violence, etc.). These problems are often accompanied by prolonged depression and nervous breakdowns.
• Teenagers for whom arson is one of the manifestations of aggression. Arson in this case implies damage to property, and it does not matter to whom it belongs. In addition, such teenagers are prone to vandalism and even robbery, if they are driven by hatred.
• Children and adolescents with mental disorders (psychotics, paranoids, etc.).
• Children and adolescents with behavioral (cognitive) disorders. These are mainly impulsive children with weakened neurological control.
• Members of specific groups whose behavior is oriented toward antisocial adults.

The division into groups and subgroups in the case of childhood pyromania is conditional, since the same teenager can be driven by different motives.

Complications and consequences

It is easiest to fight children's pyromania, because at an early stage of the pathology's development it is always easier to overcome the pathological addiction. In most cases, several sessions with a psychologist are enough, who will correct the child's behavior and help overcome the abnormal craving for fire. In addition, if pyromania is a symptom of other still hidden deviations, their early detection will help with effective and timely treatment.

Pyromania syndrome has a tendency to develop. If in the early stages of the pathology arson occurs occasionally, then gradually the pyromaniac gets a taste for it, he needs more and more positive sensations that fire gives. As the syndrome develops, cases of unmotivated arson become more frequent, and it becomes much more difficult to treat the disease, because a person develops a clear association of fire with boundless pleasure, which he can so easily get.

As we have already said, the danger of children's pyromania lies in the inability to foresee the consequences of their actions. A child's play with matches can end badly not only for strangers, but also for the child himself, who does not see an obvious danger to his life.

A similar situation is observed in adolescence. Even realizing the consequences of their actions for other people, they often reject the danger of the idea for themselves, thereby risking even more. Successful attempts at arson, when the teenager not only did not suffer, but also came out "dry from the water", only increase the excitement, making him less careful, and therefore increasing the risk of tragedy.

Pyromania against the background of alcoholism and mental disorders is no less dangerous than childhood, because the patient does not control his actions, from which he can suffer and harm other people. At the same time, pathologies adjacent in one organism only aggravate each other, causing various complications.

Another danger of pyromania is that each of us can become a victim of a person with a fanatical attitude towards fire. The choice of an object for arson occurs spontaneously, which means that the victims, who may accidentally be near the object or inside it at that moment, will not even suspect that a crime will be committed against them. After all, there is no motive for the crime.

Pyromaniacs often do not even think about the fact that their actions may harm people or animals, and in a state of affect at the moment of committing arson, it is already difficult for them to stop, even if the awareness of the danger to others still comes late.

Diagnostics pyromaniacs

Diagnosing such a controversial pathology as pyromania is quite difficult. After all, despite the fact that in psychology and psychiatry pyromania is considered a severe chronic mental disorder, there are doubts about whether this condition should be singled out as a separate pathology or considered one of the manifestations of other mental disorders characterized by low self-control. Such disorders include nervous bulimia, borderline personality disorder, antisocial disorder and some other pathologies.

The debate over whether pyromania is a disease or just one of its symptoms continues to this day. However, the problem exists, which means we need to find a solution.

At first glance, it is almost impossible to distinguish a pyromaniac from an individual with antisocial behavior, unless you try to understand the motives of his actions and the feelings he experiences. This becomes clear in a regular conversation with a psychologist.

The criteria by which one can suspect a person of being a true pyromaniac are the following 6 points:

1. The patient committed 1 or more deliberate, thought-out and “lived through” fires.
2. Before the arson, the patient experienced intense excitement associated with the anticipation of something important.
3. The patient's account of the event contains notes of admiration for fire, a certain fanaticism. He describes with pleasure and admiration all the nuances of the fire he set.
4. There is a fact of getting pleasure from arson. A person feels relief after the fire is set, the previous tension subsides, giving way to pleasure.
5. The patient has no selfish or criminal motives, only an impulsive desire to get pleasure by committing arson.
6. The person who commits arson does not have hallucinations or delusional disorder, does not exhibit antisocial behavior, and has not had manic episodes.

The other symptoms described earlier are not so indicative in diagnosing pyromania, but they can also tell something about the patient's personality traits.

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Differential diagnosis

During diagnostic procedures, it is necessary to be able to distinguish a real pathological passion for fire from actions that were caused by other motives or committed under the influence of the disease:

• Intentional arson, the purpose of which was revenge, profit, or concealment of traces of a crime or fraud, if committed by a mentally healthy person.
• Arson is one of the manifestations of deviant behavior, which also includes theft, truancy, and outbursts of aggression in adolescence.
• An arson committed by a sociopath who has no regard for the impact his actions have on other people.
• Arson caused by hallucinations or “voices,” which sometimes occurs with a diagnosis of schizophrenia or delusional disorders.
• Arson in cases of organic mental disorders, characterized by decreased self-control and underestimation of consequences.

A pyromaniac sincerely does not consider arson a crime, but not because he cannot comprehend the depth of what he has done due to mental pathology, but because he does not initially wish anyone harm, does not try to cause harm or damage. And this is the whole problem and the essence of true pyromania.

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Treatment pyromaniacs

Pyromania is a rather complex and controversial diagnosis. On the one hand, it is an independent pathology that is expressed in an uncontrollable passion for fire and everything connected with it. But on the other hand, this pathology is rarely found in its pure form. Most often, pyromania is identified as one of the secondary symptoms of mental illness and organic brain damage.

It is clear that there is no and cannot be a common approach to treating patients with true pyromania and mental pathologies, and especially with brain diseases. That is why diagnostics of pathology is so important, which helps to figure out what drives the actions of a particular pyromaniac.

The difficulty of diagnosing the pathology is that when confronted with a pyromaniac in action, it is not always possible to immediately figure out how mentally healthy or sick this person is. If no known mental pathologies, including various psychosexual disorders, were identified during diagnostic measures, it is necessary to pay attention to the presence or absence of alcohol intoxication, the patient's intellectual level, the presence of organic brain damage and other factors that can clarify the situation.

If the patient is a child or teenager, it is important to study the circle in which he or she moves (parents' status, family situation, friends, youth groups, etc.). Teenagers are often negatively influenced by adults who deliberately organize antisocial teenage clubs and sects, which sometimes practice pogroms, robbery, arson, vandalism. And a teenager who does not have good relationships with peers or has big problems in the family can easily be drawn into such organizations, where he or she can splash out all the accumulated negativity.

As for patients with mental disorders, it should be taken into account that schizophrenics commit arsons "not of their own free will." They are guided by "voices," ordering them to commit a crime. Or, with the help of fire, they try to get rid of certain entities that come to them in the form of hallucinations.

In obsessive-compulsive syndrome, there is again an element of the imposition of thoughts and actions by some otherworldly forces. A person understands that his actions do not make sense, but cannot help but submit to the influence of non-existent forces.

In both cases, pyromania cannot be cured in patients until the symptoms of obsessive behavior, delusions, and hallucinations are reduced. In such cases, in addition to psychotherapy, hypnosis and medication (neuroleptics, sedatives, antipsychotics) are usually used.

For people with deviations in the psychosexual sphere, arson is one of the ways of sexual release. Psychological, psychotherapeutic and social methods are used in the therapy of such patients. Hypnosis, autogenic training, and behavioral therapy are especially indicative in this regard. It is very important to show the patient that there are other, non-criminal ways of achieving sexual satisfaction that are considered normal in society.

In case of organic brain damage, a person simply does not realize the inadequacy and danger of his actions. He is like a child, unable to assess the risks. In this case, again, it is necessary to treat not the pyromania itself, but its causes, i.e. the brain. In case of organic brain diseases, various groups of drugs are used: psychostimulants and nootropic agents, neuroprotectors, anticoagulants, anticonvulsants, massage, physiotherapy and, of course, work with a psychologist.

Patients with mental disorders who have a tendency to set fires should definitely be treated in a psychiatric clinic. If they are not isolated, both the patients themselves and the people around them may suffer, because a person with delusional disorders and obsessive ideas is unable to control their actions and does not realize the danger they pose to themselves and others.

But what about those who develop pyromania as a separate pathology? Be that as it may, but the uncontrollable passion for arson and manic fascination with fire are in themselves a mental disorder. Both psychotherapists and psychologists agree with this.

If a person is unable to control his passion and realize the danger of his actions, then he is dangerous to others and himself. Therefore, the best way to prevent arson during the treatment period and not allow the disease to develop is to isolate the patient within the walls of a specialized medical institution, where he will be provided with psychological and psychiatric assistance.

The main task of psychologists in this case is to identify the cause of the formation of pathological passion and to convey to the patient how reckless and dangerous his actions are. This is precisely the difficulty of psychological work, because pyromaniacs do not make contact very well, do not consider their actions criminal, and do not see the need for treatment, since they consider themselves mentally normal.

It is even more difficult with alcoholic pyromaniacs. They tend to deny if not the fact of arson, then their involvement in it. It is very difficult to find a common language with them in this matter. And it is even more difficult to explain to them that they need treatment.

It is probably easiest to work with children suffering from pyromania. However, the work of a psychologist and psychotherapist in this case must be especially delicate. You cannot punish a small pyromaniac for actions the danger of which he does not realize, because he is still a child, and he does not understand many things. Classes should be held in a friendly, playful manner. It is important to distract the child from the obsessive thought about fire, find him a new hobby, explaining the dangers of playing with fire.

Teenage pyromania is much more difficult to treat, because it is often based on deep psychological trauma or the example of adults. Youthful negativity does not allow one to see the whole essence of the problem and understand what causes inadequate behavior.

If the cause of behavioral deviations is mental deviations, paranoia or excessive aggressiveness, then the treatment program will also include drug therapy. In other cases, the emphasis is on cognitive therapy, hypnosis, auto-training. After identifying the problems that torment the teenager, various ways of responding to the situation are worked out.

When the cause of pyromania and vandalism is the example of adults with an antisocial orientation of thinking and behavior, it is very important to protect the teenager from their influence, to explain the irrationality and danger of antisocial behavior, and what punishment follows.

Prevention

Pyromania, like many mental disorders, is virtually impossible to prevent. The only way to slow down the development of the disease is to stop it at the very beginning. It is not that difficult to notice a pyromaniac, even in childhood, because both children and adults who are overly fascinated by the topic of fire and fire stand out from the others.

If a child talks a lot about fire, draws it, constantly reaches for matches - this is already a reason to show him to a specialist. There is no need to wait until the child commits a serious offense, starting a real fire. The sooner the psychologist carries out correction, the more favorable the prognosis for the future will be. After all, small children are much more susceptible to persuasion than teenagers with their habit of denying everything or adults who consider themselves healthy people and do not consider it necessary to be treated and change their habits.

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Forecast

Pyromania in adulthood appears very rarely. Most often, it is a missed opportunity, a pathology that was not noticed in time, the roots of which are in childhood. Treating such a pathology is much more difficult. It is a long and painstaking work of many specialists. Nevertheless, the prognosis in this case is not as rosy as when treating children. In the overwhelming majority of cases, it is still possible to achieve improvement, the person forgets about his passion and lives a normal life. However, according to statistics, the probability of regression still remains, so some patients return to their "fiery" occupation.

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