Prostate cancer (prostate cancer): causes
Last reviewed: 23.04.2024
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There are many factors of development and causes of prostate cancer. Conditionally distinguish proven, prospective and probable causes of prostate cancer (prostate cancer).
Proven causes of prostate cancer (prostate cancer): age over 50, hereditary anamnesis and congenital predisposition. Relatives of patients under the age of 55 also have a high risk of morbidity. If, however, as the risk factor, only the age of the patient is considered, then the cumulative probability that during a lifetime a man develops a disease is this: at 50-55 years, it is 2%; in 70-75 years - 8%; more than 85 years - 24%.
Proposed causes of prostate cancer (prostate cancer): the ratio of sex hormones in the blood, excess growth factors, insulin-like substances, leptin and low levels of vitamin D.
Probable causes of prostate cancer (prostate cancer) - sexual activity associated with the risk of a papillomavirus infection, smoking, as a source of cadmium, the use of fat-saturated food.
The development of prostate cancer (prostate cancer) is preceded by dysplastic changes in the epithelium, called prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia. The increase in signs of cellular and structural atypia and discontinuity of the basal layer lead to changes, which are referred to as preinvasive cancer (cancer in situ). DG Bostwick and M.K. Brawer (1987) proposed a model of carcinogenesis in the prostate. Which shows the transition from normal epithelium through two degrees of prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia to carcinoma.
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