Polyps in the child's nose: what to do, removal, alternative means

One of the beauties of the human face is the nose. Alas, more often than not, we treat this extraordinary organ precisely as an ornament, not reflecting on the importance of the functions performed by the nose and paying little attention to the diseases associated with it. Here, for example, a common cold (it also rhinitis), manifested in the allocation of mucous inflammatory exudate from the nasal cavity, many prefer not to pay attention at all, expecting that he himself must pass. And then they suffer from chronic fornication of rhinitis or sinusitis, which significantly worsen the quality of life. Or polyps in the nose of a child. At first glance, pathology seems trivial, but in fact, growing with enviable persistence, they are capable of disturbing the process of breathing so much that it starts to affect the work of other organs, especially the brain. So do the diseases of the nose not deserve our attention?

Nose and polyps in it

Let us dwell a little on the question of what a nose is and why it is considered an important organ on whose health the work of the whole organism depends. We will not focus on the fact that without a nose our face would not look so attractive. Let us just mention that this body gives each individual its own individual features that distinguish it from other people.

But the nose is given to man not only for beauty. This is an important organ of the respiratory system. It is clear that you can breathe and with the help of the mouth, but in this case, colder air will fall into the bronchi and lungs, plus it is also noticeably saturated with particles of dust, bacteria, and viruses. Passing in a natural way through the nose, the air heats up to a comfortable temperature and undergoes a kind of filtration, so with nasal breathing the risk of spreading respiratory infection inside the body is much less.

And yet, the stuffiness of the nose and the mucous discharge from it are rarely of particular concern. Well, there is, of course, a certain discomfort that makes one resort to various vasodilating or vasoconstrictive nasal drugs. But the reason for this pathological condition for the time being to think somehow is not enough time.

Thanks to the nose, in which all harmful substances are retained, the respiratory organs receive pure air, saturated with oxygen, necessary for the vital activity of all organs. Any, even a small obstacle on the way of air movement on the nasal passages reduces its flow, and hence the amount of oxygen entering the body.

Polyps in the nose of a child or adult are exactly the insurmountable obstacle that you can not clean with conventional decongestant nasal drugs.

Polyps in themselves are benign tumors that are far from oncology (although in some neglected cases they can be regenerated). These are small growths that can appear both on the mucous membrane of the nasal passages and elsewhere (these are multiple cavities in the face and nose, called sinuses: the maxillary, frontal, latticed, wedge-shaped, genital areas, fallopian tubes and cervix in women , tympanic membranes, pulmonary alveoli, etc.).

Polyps do not have a certain stable shape. They can be either round or oblong. Some elements (at the initial stage) are almost flat and only slightly protrude above the surface of the tissues inside the nose. Others - convex elements, sometimes on the stem.

An important and dangerous feature of polyps is the ability to grow. Increasing in size, they block the nasal passages and increasingly interfere with the passage of air into the respiratory organs that saturate the blood with oxygen.

Epidemiology

According to statistics, most often the occurrence of polyps in the nose is noted in children under 10 years of age. However, uninitiated parents take the symptoms of polyps for the consequences of respiratory pathologies and do not turn to a specialist doctor (in this case, an otolaryngologist, also an ENT). The pediatrician, having no special equipment, may not notice the development of the pathological process at first, prescribing the treatment of some of his symptoms (nasal congestion, sneezing, runny nose) with drugs for ARI therapy or allergies (due to the similarity of manifestations).

Statistics also argue that in male males polyps in the nose appear more often. In most patients of different ages, the formation and growth of polyps is observed against the background of bronchial asthma.

[1], [2]

Causes of the polyps in the nose of a child

At this stage in the mind, the interested reader may have a question: where do polyps come from in the nose of a child, and why do some babies have none of this before and after growing up, while others suffer from nasal breathing problems from their earliest childhood? Let's try to understand this issue as much as possible.

Let's start with the fact that doctors can not name any specific reason for the development of polyps in the nose of a child for the time being. So far, speech can only be about certain factors that can trigger the emergence and growth of tumors in the nose. These factors were identified on the basis of many years of study of the anamnesis and lifestyle of patients with polyposis (namely, this pathology is called).

[3], [4]

Risk factors

So, the risk factors for the development of polyposis:

• Anatomic prerequisites (curvature of the inner septum of the nose, narrowness of the nasal passages, etc., associated with impaired organ development).
• Inflammatory respiratory pathologies that have a chronic course: runny nose, sinusitis, sinusitis, frontalitis.
• Infectious diseases that weaken the immune system (weaken control over the pathological growth of cells).
• Failures in the work of the immune system, leading to the development of allergic diseases: allergic form of rhinitis and dermatitis, bronchial asthma (diagnosed in many cases of polyposis in the nose), pollinosis.
• Disturbance of the metabolism of arachidonic acid.
• Infringements of a microflora in a nose.
• Traumatic nasal lesions that disrupt the microcirculation in the organ.
• The heredity factor also occurs, as physicians found that children whose parents were diagnosed with this pathology are more prone to polyp in the nose than those who did not have such cases in the family.

Among other things, among the risk factors, doctors also include hormonal disruptions, intolerance to aspirin or alcohol, biliary tract discrenia, fungal infections, and certain systemic pathologies. One of such pathologies is cystic fibrosis. This is a fairly rare genetic disorder that disrupts the functions of many body systems, including endocrine and respiratory.

Polyposis of the nose can be caused by such a rare disorder of health as the Cherdja-Strauss syndrome, in which small capillaries are affected, and the blood supply to the olfactory organ is impaired.

All of the above factors contribute to the weakening of the nasal mucosa and the formation of eosinophils - cellular structures, of which the polyp consists. These cells, when the immune system is weakened, are able to multiply rapidly, because the gene responsible for their death is in an inactive state. Thus, polyps can actively develop, increasing in size, as far as free space permits.

They feed on polyps due to the cells of the body, attaching to the mucosa by means of a thin stem or a large base, which serve as a deposit for the production of nutrients from the host's body. If, for some reason, the feeding leg breaks, the polyp disappears.

Here is such a "parasite" can appear in the nose of a person in the presence of provoking factors. The formation of the build-up occurs without pain and other symptoms. At the initial stage, it can even not be noticed in the depth of the nasal passages. For this reason, a small nasal congestion is rarely associated with a barrier in the form of a polyp, leaning towards a version with swelling of the tissues of the nose.

[5], [6], [7]

Symptoms of the polyps in the nose of a child

Speaking about the symptoms of polyposis, we can not fail to mention that at different stages of its development and with different localization the disease can manifest itself in different ways. The initial stage of the disease is practically asymptomatic and does not present any danger to the child. The adrenals cover a smaller part of the nasal cavity cavity, therefore, little is reflected on the respiration.

The first stage of the development of polyposis in the nose is characterized by the formation of a small number of growths that overlap a small part of the nasal passage and are located mainly on the upper part of the nasal septum. The first signs of polyps in the nose of a child are manifestations that are similar to cold pathologies:

• Slight nasal congestion
• Deterioration of nasal breathing
• Frequent attacks of sneezing.

In infants, parents may notice the following symptoms:

• The baby begins to snore, although there are no signs of catarrhal diseases
• He eats worse, because during feeding the baby often lacks air
• For the same reason, babies become more moody, often cry without reason, sleep badly.

At the initial stage of the disease, the symptoms of polyps are often confused with the development of respiratory pathology, so effective treatment is not carried out. It is clear that this state of affairs does not contribute to reducing the manifestations of the disease, and the growths in the nose continue to grow, and in the second stage they are located throughout the nasal septum, significantly blocking the way of air movement in the nasal passages.

In the third stage, the nasal passage is blocked by a fully expanded polyp, which in the case of the ethmoidal type of pathology, when the polyps grow simultaneously in both nasal passages, completely eliminates the possibility of nasal breathing. For the antioranal type of pathology, which is most often diagnosed in children, at 3 stages the obstruction of one of the nasal passages is characteristic, where polyposis developed.

There are additional symptoms that indicate the progression of the disease:

• A nasal breathing is very difficult for a child, but attempts to blow a nose end in failure.
• Growing polyps exert a noticeable pressure on the blood vessels lying in the area of the nose. This inhibits blood flow and worsens the breathing and nutrition of the tissues of the olfactory organ, which in turn weakens them, makes them more susceptible to the effects of bacteria and viruses. Entry into the nasal cavity of pathogenic microorganisms leads to inflammation of the mucosa and the appearance of the following symptoms: mucosal edema, redness, the appearance of mucus-like discharge from the nasal passages, weakening the tone of the muscles of the nose, sometimes a local increase in temperature.
• With the development of pathology, the child begins to complain about changes in taste sensations. The edema of the mucosa and the violation of the sense of smell have a negative effect on the work of the taste buds. The taste can disappear both partially and completely. Smells the child does not feel, the taste is weakened, and appetite deteriorates accordingly.
• Nasal congestion provokes oxygen starvation of the brain, which is manifested by frequent headaches and impairment of mental abilities (attention, memory, performance in general is reduced).
• The baby starts snoring at night.
• Babies complain about the sensation of a foreign body in the nose, and sometimes also in the pain in the area of the paranasal sinuses.
• Difficulty with breathing does not allow the child to normally rest at night, he often wakes up and falls asleep badly.
• With increasing polyps, which doctors often call bunches of grapes, the voice of the child changes, becomes nasal.
• Further growth of pathological growths in the nose may affect the hearing of the baby. If the child constantly asks for a repeat of the question or indication, it is possible that the reason for hearing deterioration is the overlapping of the polyps of the auditory tube (do not forget that the organs of the ear-throat-nose are connected).
• Growing polyps inside the nose with time begin to give and external manifestations, such as swelling of the olfactory organ, a slightly open mouth, smoothing of the vertical fold between the nose and lips in the nasolabial triangle area, constantly drooping jaw.
• Some children have gastrointestinal disorders with symptoms in the form of diarrhea, nausea and episodes of vomiting.

Infants due to impaired nasal breathing begin to suffer more often from catarrhal diseases of the inflammatory plan (pneumonia, bronchitis), eat poorly and lose weight, somewhat lag behind in development (for example, deterioration of hearing entails a disruption in the development of the speech apparatus).

Complications and consequences

Careless attitude to his sense of smell, disregard for emerging suspicious symptoms can have rather sad consequences, which many of us do not even suspect. It would seem that what to worry about, the nose is not the heart, kidneys or lungs, the pathologies of which can be dangerous for health and life. What can do much damage to the common cold or polyps in the nose in an adult or child?

An attentive reader has probably already caught a part of the danger that polyps represent in the nose of the child. Let us now consider a possible prognosis for those children, whose polyps were not treated for various reasons.

Let's just say, polyps, if they have not degenerated into malignant neoplasms, do not represent a special danger to humans. The problem is the consequences of the increase. As they grow, they take up more and more space in the nasal passage, respectively, the clearance for the passage of air gradually decreases, the nasal breathing is disturbed.

In addition, growing polyps interfere with blood flow through capillaries located in the nose, squeezing them. And any violation of breathing and circulation leads to the fact that the organs and tissues of the body undergo hypoxia. In the first place, as usual, the brain suffers. It becomes hard for him to work under load, so he reacts to stress with headaches, sleep disorders, memory loss, attention, intelligence, and overall learning ability.

Pressure on the tissues of the nasal mucosa leads to a weakening of local and general immunity. Children with polyps in the nose are much more likely to get infectious diseases, because the protective properties of the mucosa are weakened. The penetration of the infection into the body is facilitated by breathing through the mouth. Because of the obstruction of the nasal passages, children try to fill the lack of oxygen with oral breath. Through the open mouth and deep breathing, it is very easy for bacteria and viruses to penetrate the throat and respiratory tract. Hence frequent ARVI, tonsillitis, influenza, as well as bronchitis and pneumonia, which easily turn into chronic forms.

Difficult nasal breathing becomes a frequent cause of the child's rapid fatigue. In addition, the baby is constantly tormented by stomach problems even with a normal balanced diet.

If the child is hard to breathe, to ease the condition, he begins to perform forced movements of the face and jaw muscles. Regularly repeated movements can provoke a change in the shape of the face and jaws, the bite can be incorrectly formed, due to improper breathing in infancy, the chest can be irregularly formed.

The growth of polyps in the area of the auditory tube worsens the perception of the child sounds and prevents the correct formation of speech.

Reducing the lumen of the nasal passages entails a violation of the natural cleansing of the nose. Now the mucous secretions, formed as a result of the vital activity of the organism, can not freely go outside and accumulate inside the nose. Accession of infection and congestion in the nose lead to the fact that the nasal discharge becomes purulent. Purulent process inside the nose can spread to the inner ear area, causing an inflammatory pathology of the hearing organ called otitis. And since both the nose and ears are located on the head, the pathological process can gradually pass to the cerebral cortex, and this is certainly a risk not only for health, but also for life.

As for the loss of smell. Here everything is not so simple. If the disease is started, it goes into a serious, neglected form, and even surgical removal of polyps does not always help to return a person the opportunity to smell and taste. Restoration of nasal breathing with polyposis of the nose does not guarantee complete normalization of the sense of smell.

[8], [9], [10], [11]

Diagnostics of the polyps in the nose of a child

So, we have already understood that polyps in the nose of a child are a rather dangerous pathology, which in no case can be treated carelessly, because the sensible actions of parents depend on the health of our children. To not miss the onset of the disease you need to pay attention to the slightest suspicious signs. Do not forget that even such a common symptom as a runny nose can be a consequence of the development of severe pathology.

The child began to snore and when breathing open his mouth, he suffers frequent attacks of sneezing - this is an occasion to contact the district pediatrician or directly to the otolaryngologist for advice. By writing off everything for an ordinary cold and practicing self-medication with the help of washing the nose and instilling medicines into its passage, it is hardly possible to solve such a problem as polyposis. But to delay the time and allow pathologies to develop further, filling themselves with more and more space in the nose, it is quite possible. But is it necessary?

Some self-assured parents can say that such a disease as polyposis, in which there are accentuated in the nose from the healthy tissues of growths from cyanotic or red dopravitelnogo color, you can diagnose without a doctor. It is enough just to look into the baby's nose.

This opinion is fundamentally wrong, because even doctors can make mistakes in this situation if the disease is only in the initial stage. Small polyps at the first stage can be hidden deep in the nose, and without special equipment they can hardly be discerned. In later stages, an experienced doctor, even without special equipment, can see growths inside the child's nose.

A pediatrician or an otolaryngologist should conduct a child's examination with symptoms of polyposis. If the child and his parents talk about the emerging symptoms of the disease, but an external examination of the nose does not produce results, further diagnostic testing using special equipment (rhinoscopy) will be necessary.

Of the popular methods of instrumental diagnosis for polyposis, there are 3 main ones:

• Radiography of the nose, which will show the presence of pathological growths and their location.
• Computed tomography will not only help diagnose the stage of the disease, but will also give information about whether the process has not affected the maxillary sinuses, whether or not they caused inflammation in them.
• Endoscopy. Maybe this is not the most pleasant procedure, but it allows you to see the problem from within.

Instrumental examination of the nose makes it possible not only to diagnose polyposis, but also to clarify the cause of the pathology development. On the images or the image displayed on the monitor, one can see anatomical defects that promote the formation of polyps. The hereditary cause of the disease can be identified from a conversation with the parents of the baby. Still some information concerning the patient's past illnesses is given by studying the anamnesis.

But the diagnosis of polyps in the nose in a child is not limited to instrumental research. Assigned laboratory tests and samples give additional information about the condition of the nasal mucosa and the causes of the disease. So the general and biochemical analysis of the blood will tell a lot about the degree of the inflammatory process provoked by polyposis. A prescribed allergic tests in children prone to allergies, complicating the course of polyposis, will help to prescribe effective antiallergic treatment.

A test for cystic fibrosis and a cytological analysis or a biopsy (for suspected malignancy of the process) may be assigned separately. These tests are performed if the doctor has reason to suspect the corresponding pathologies, for example, if the child's family already had cases of cystic fibrosis or oncological pathologies.

[12], [13], [14]

Differential diagnosis

Since polyps in the nose in a child are not always so easy to detect, and the symptoms of the disease resemble the symptoms of colds and infectious and inflammatory diseases of the respiratory system, a great deal of attention is paid to differential diagnosis of the disease. It is important not only to correctly diagnose pathology, differentiating it from the usual many rhinitis, frontal sinusitis, sinusitis, or simple acute respiratory disease. It is also necessary to determine the extent of the spread of the process and the presence of complications caused by the disease, because it depends on what the complex of prescribed therapeutic measures will be, whether all will be conservative treatment or the surgeon's help will be needed.

[15], [16], [17]

Treatment of the polyps in the nose of a child

Polyps in the nose in a child or an adult - this is a fairly common disease, the active study of which the doctors have been engaged for a long time, however, many of its aspects are still in question. A particular problem is the treatment of pathology.

When the final diagnosis is established and the degree of development of pathology is determined, the doctor prescribes an effective treatment regimen in each particular case. It is very important to identify those factors that caused the appearance of polyps in the nose in a child, and to try to exclude their further influence on the baby. This can be done in various ways, but it is still customary to single out 2 main ways of treating polyposis:

1. Therapeutic method (conservative treatment).
2. Surgery.

In the first case, it is both about taking appropriate medicines, and about physiotherapeutic treatment.

With regard to drug treatment, the polyposis of the nose is prescribed the following groups of drugs that help to fight not only the disease itself, but also its causes and complications:

• Since the formation of polyps in the nose is often closely associated with the inflammatory process in the sinuses of the nose, then drugs that help to relieve inflammation and relieve nasal breathing are needed. As anti-inflammatory drugs are prescribed hormonal drugs from the discharge of nasal corticosteroids. Such medicines include Fluticasone, Budesonide, and others.

Hormonal medications should be prescribed only if the disease has a drastic effect on the health and development of the small patient. Otherwise, enough soft therapeutic measures.

• If the polyposis develops against the background of allergic pathologies, then after detection of the allergen, effective antihistamines are prescribed ("Aleron", "Citrine", "Diazolin", etc.). In parallel, we will have to take all measures to prevent further contact of the baby with the allergen, whatever its origin (dust, pollen, substances contained in food, animal hair, etc.).
• If a bacterial infection joins the pathology, as indicated by altered discharge from the nose, antibiotics that are active against the identified pathogens of infection can be prescribed. This can be a broad spectrum of drugs, and after receiving the results of the analysis for the causative agent of the disease, the appointment can be revised in favor of narrowly directed antibiotics.
• Since polyposis develops against a background of reduced immunity, it is mandatory to take immunostimulating drugs and specific immunotherapy to reduce the tendency to allergies. This approach to treatment will be effective in the event that a virus infection joins the polyposis.

Preparations for the treatment of polyps in the nose in a child is prescribed both in the form of a spray, tablets and suspensions, and in the form of injections. And, of course, the treatment of the nasal passages implies their washing with antimicrobial solutions. Preference is given to medical sterile preparations based on 9% saline. To such preparations it is possible to carry a solution "Salin" and a spray "Aquamaris". They gently cleanse the nasal passages from dust, allergens, bacteria, relieve inflammatory swelling of the tissues.

If stagnant phenomena are observed in the depths of the nasal passages, or a purulent process begins with tissue damage, turuns with ointments that have a pulling and wound healing effect can be prescribed.

As for the actual physiotherapy in polyposis, ultraviolet irradiation (drying and cupping of inflammation) and laser therapy (restoration of tissue nutrition due to the normalization of blood circulation) are applicable here.

As part of conservative therapy, a non-surgical method of polyp removal is also used. It was found that under the influence of temperature above 60 degrees the process of feeding and development of polyps is disrupted. Polyps inside the nose warm at a temperature of 60-70 degrees and wait a few days until they fall off and leave the nose in a natural way during the bleeding.

Removal of polyps in the nose can be done with the help of the drug "Prednisolone". Weekly injection of the drug contributes to the death and removal of polyps beyond the nose.

Conservative treatment also implies compliance with certain requirements for nutrition and lifestyle. The first condition for the effectiveness of therapy is avoidance of contact with substances that can cause allergic reactions. For example, when choosing food for a baby, preference should be given to those products that are made without the addition of synthetic dyes and food additives. If there is an allergy to beekeeping products, they are necessarily excluded from the child's diet.

Also, during the drug treatment of polyposis, doctors recommend that you stop taking non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), such as "Aspirin". "Ibuprofen", "Citramon", etc.

It is worth saying that it is not always possible to restrict conservative treatment. Sometimes even a simple removal of the allergen at the initial stage of the disease makes it possible to get rid of polyposis. In other cases, medication and physiotherapy do not give a sufficient result. The earlier treatment of polyps in the nose in a child begins, the more effective will be conservative therapy.

Sometimes the therapeutic treatment seems to have a positive effect, but after a while the polyps appear again. With a tendency to relapse, one conservative treatment is usually not enough. In such cases, as in neglected situations or in the ineffectiveness of conservative therapy, conducted for several months, resort to surgical treatment (polypectomy).

Indications for surgery to remove polyps in the nose are:

• Strongly overgrown polyps, strongly overlapping nasal passages
• Development of purulent processes in the nasopharynx
• Disorders of taste and smell
• Anatomical defect of nasal septum
• Frequent relapse of the disease
• Increased attacks of bronchial asthma.

Removal of a polyp in the nose in a child can be carried out in several ways:

• Using a special tool - the Lange loop. This is the oldest and rather painful method, the main disadvantage of which is the high probability of severe nasal bleeding during and after surgery. It is conducted under general or local anesthesia. Not effective enough if the polyps are located deep inside the nasal passages.
• By means of an endoscope. The endoscope is considered a therapeutic and diagnostic tool that allows you to remove all polyps without exception, even in the most remote cavities. The doctor follows the procedure through the image displayed on the monitor and can at any time correct his actions.
• With the help of a laser. This method appeared much later than others, but has already won universal recognition, because after its application there are no heavy bleeding and complications.

Polyps in the nose - a pretty insidious pathology, prone to relapse, even after surgical treatment. Therefore, after the operation, doctors prescribe anti-inflammatory and additionally anti-relapse therapy.

As an anti-inflammatory treatment, nasal washing is prescribed with sterile saline solutions, which can be purchased at a pharmacy. Solutions prepared at home without observing sterility can not be used.

In order to prevent recurrence of polyposis, a course of corticosteroids is prescribed in the nose (most often in the form of inhalations, since such treatment is performed locally and hormones do not penetrate the blood, which means they can not cause various health disorders). Anti-relapse course of the baby passes for 3-6 months, after which it should appear to the otolaryngologist. During the entire period of treatment and after it the child is registered with the ENT. Parents should periodically show the kid to the doctor, in time to seize a possible relapse of the disease and conduct additional treatment.

Alternative treatment

As you can see, polyps in the nose of the child - a fairly serious pathology, requiring the same approach to treatment. This does not mean that it is necessary to ignore the recipes of alternative medicine that are useful in this plan, which can help get rid of the growths in the nose of the beloved baby. However, and to refuse traditional treatment in favor of alternative also it is not necessary to not miss the precious time, having calmed down for a while with false hopes.

Let's consider some good recipes, which with the permission of the attending physician can be used as an adjunct to conservative therapy:

• In the absence of allergies to beekeeping products, it is recommended to use natural honey as a medical product. Liquid honey is collected with an ear stick and laid in the nasal passage, carefully lubricating all the walls inside. Doing such honey lubrication of the nose three times a day for a month can see how the polyps dry up and fall off.
• Propolis is another useful product of beekeeping. A piece of propolis is heated on a fire in a metal mug before the appearance of smoke. This useful smoke should be inhaled 2 times a day for each nostril separately. This method is more suitable for older children and adults, because by carelessness you can easily get a thermal burn.
• The juice of such a medicinal plant as celandine also has a drying effect. It must be digested three times a day in the nasal passages with polyps.

But for children it is better to use another recipe. We prepare the infusion of celandine from 1 tbsp. Dry plant and a glass of boiling water. After an hour, the infusion filtered and cooled to a warm state can be used to wash the nasal passages. This composition has a drying, anti-inflammatory and noticeable antibacterial effect.

• Onion warming is some analogue of thermal removal of polyps. A finely chopped baked bulb is rolled into gauze, forming a "ball". It is applied to the nasal passages from the outside. It is necessary to act carefully so as not to burn the skin of the nose.

To cleanse the nose of dust, allergens, bacteria and mucous secretions are also suitable infusions and broths of chamomile and calendula. Suitable for this purpose and a solution of sea salt (1 tablespoon salt to a glass of warm water), which helps get rid of discomfort in the nose and fights inflammation.

Rinsing of the nose with a pronounced antimicrobial and drying effect can also be led by saline solution with addition of iodine (2-3 drops per glass of solution).

The main thing is not to get involved in alternative treatment at the expense of traditional therapy, after all, we are talking about the health of our children, and this should not be experimented with.

[18], [19], [20]

Prevention

Preventive measures to prevent the development of polyposis in the nose can be divided into 2 groups. One group helps prevent primary polyposis, the second - will not allow the disease to recur.

Prevention of primary polyposis includes timely treatment of catarrhal and infectious inflammatory diseases and preventing their transition to chronic form, avoiding situations in which it is possible to get a nose injury, correction of anatomical defects in the structure of the nose according to the doctor's indications, maintaining the immune system at work altitude with the help of vitamin complexes.

To prevent the development of relapses after the course of treatment will help meet the following requirements:

• The child must necessarily be protected from the action of substances that cause allergic reactions (allergens).
• It is necessary to observe the daily hygiene of the nose, which includes washing the nasal passages with a solution of salt.
• In the room where the child is, there should be no tobacco smoke, dust or irritating chemical odors (the influence of these factors should be avoided outside the ward or children's room).
• The room where the baby spends most of the time must be ventilated and moistened with clean water and a spray (several essential oils with anti-inflammatory, anti-allergic and soothing effects can be added to the water).
• It is necessary to pay attention to the baby's nutrition: to exclude products containing salicylates, chemical additives and dyes, preferring to give to sour-milk products, vegetable oil, fish, carrot juice. Berries and fruits will be useful only if there is no allergy to them. The amount of salt and sugar in the dishes should be reduced.
• Strengthen the immunity of the child can not only with the help of vitamins. Useful in this regard will be regular walks in the fresh air in the park zone, charging, active games, swimming in natural and artificial water bodies.
• A good prevention of the re-formation of polyps in the nose in a child is a massage of the trigeminal nerve, which is located near the nasal sinuses. It should be gently pressed with the pads of the fingers, after which you make several rotational movements on one side and the other. Such a massage improves the functioning of the olfactory organ.

[21], [22]

Forecast

Any disease, captured at the very beginning, gives a great chance of recovery. Polyps in the nose of a child are no exception. If the disease is detected at the first stage, there will be enough traditional treatment and compliance with measures to prevent relapses to forget about the pathology forever.

If the pathology has already passed to the second stage of traditional treatment may not be enough. The polyps must be removed with the help of heat or surgically. Here the prognosis will depend on how accurately the small patient and his parents fulfill the requirements of postoperative anti-relapse treatment.

If the disease is started and the auditory moves are involved in the inflammatory process, the prognosis becomes unfavorable. Possible as a temporary impairment of hearing, and the associated lag in the development of speech, poor performance, frequent illnesses that provoke various complications.

If the treatment of the disease is started at a stage when the opportunity to feel different smells has already been lost, then even surgical removal of polyps does not always give the child the gift of smelling.

[23]