Physiotherapy for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is a common and progressive inflammatory-dystrophic lesion of the bronchopulmonary system, characterized by a decrease in the maximum air flow during expiration and slowing down the forced emptying of the lungs with prolonged course. In a pre-existing terminology, some varieties of chronic bronchitis were referred to this disease. Symptomatic complexes that determine the diagnosis of COPD include inflammation of the mucous membranes of the bronchi, tonic contraction of the smooth muscles of the bronchi and a violation of the drainage function of the respiratory tract. Therefore, the methods of physiotherapy must have the appropriate pathogenetic conditioning of the impact of a particular physical factor.

With exacerbation of COPD, patients should be treated in hospital (hospital or hospital) settings but with a full dynamic diagnostic control and with the entire treatment package. The list of physiotherapeutic procedures at the hospital stage includes the following methods:

• Inhalation therapy with antibacterial and bronchodilator agents;
• drug electrophoresis with medications appropriate to the stages of the pathological process;
• ultrasound;
• impact pulsating low-frequency magnetic field;
• appropriate methods of light therapy or laser (magnetolaser) therapy;
• chest massage;
• Some hydro and balneotherapy procedures for traditional applications.

The sequence and alternation of physiotherapeutic procedures are also conditioned by the stages of the course of the pathological process in a particular patient, and the combination of procedures should be in accordance with the general principles of the combined effect.

At this stage, the family doctor monitors the patient and, if necessary, collegially with the doctors of the hospital, makes appropriate adjustments to medical appointments on the basis of a full knowledge of the features of the patient's patient's body and its reaction to taking certain medications and physiotherapy procedures.

If it is necessary to psychological rehabilitation of the patient as a supplement to the ongoing activities at the hospital stage, the family physician should recommend methods of influencing the frontal lobes of the brain with the help of the Azor-IC apparatus. Methods of procedures depend on the patient's mental status. If the patient has psychoemotional excitation, the effect is carried out by the braking technique, with a depressive state - by a stimulating technique. The procedures are carried out by two fields simultaneously on the projection of the frontal lobes of the patient's head, contact, stably. The frequency of EMP modulation on the brake version is 2 Hz, according to the stimulating variant of 21 Hz. The exposure time on the field is 20 minutes, for a course of 10 to 15 daily procedures 1 time per day in the morning hours (until 12 noon).

In the inter-recessive period of the course of the disease, it is rational to carry out activities with the use of physical factors, the effect of which ensures the maintenance of normal muscles of the smooth muscles of the bronchi and the normal rhythm of functioning of the ciliary epithelium of the bronchi, and also prevents the progression of dystrophic processes in the bronchopulmonary system.

To pathogenetically caused methods of physiotherapy at home in the interrepid period is laser (magnetolaser) therapy with the help of red (wavelength 0.63 microns) or infrared radiators (wavelength 0.8-0.9 microns).

The technique is contact, stable. Influence the matrix radiator on the exposed skin integument of the body with two fields: - on the middle third of the sternum; II - on the interscapular region along the line of the spinous processes of the vertebrae. Using devices with an irradiation area of about 1 cm2, four fields are paravertebrally affected by two fields on the right and left at the Thv-ThVn level on the interscapular region.

The recommended MRP OR is 5 - 10 mW / cm2. With the possibility of frequency modulation of the NLI, the optimum frequency is 10 Hz. However, the effect is effective also in the continuous (quasicontinuous) mode of radiation generation. Induction of the magnetic nozzle 20 - 150 mT. The duration of exposure to one field is 5 minutes, 1 time per day in the morning hours (until 12 noon), for treatment 7 to 10 procedures daily.

An alternative method of laser (magnetolaser) therapy is information-wave action with the help of the Azor-IC apparatus. The procedures are carried out in a contact, stable manner, only on exposed areas of the patient's body. The influence fields are similar to those for laser therapy; the modulation frequency of EMP is 10 Hz, the time of exposure to one field is 20 minutes, the course is 10 to 15 procedures daily 1 time per day in the morning.

Repetition of anti-relapse courses of laser (magnetolaser) or information-wave therapy can be performed every 3 months. It is desirable that these courses coincide with the spring and autumn periods, i.e. With the seasonality of possible exacerbation of the disease.

One of the effective methods that help restore the tone of the smooth muscles of the bronchopulmonary system is the daily procedures in the evening (1 hour after dinner) on the Frolov breathing apparatus (TDI-01) according to the procedures attached to this device. The duration of the procedures is at least 1 month with periodic (1 time in 3 months) repetitions of a similar course.

It is possible to consistently perform procedures on the same day at home with COPD (interval between procedures is not less than 30 min):

• laser (magnetolaser) therapy + procedures for psihologicheskoy rehabilitation with the aid of the apparatus "Azor-IK" + procedures on the Frolov breathing apparatus;
• information-wave impact with the help of the Azor-IC apparatus + psychological rehabilitation procedures with the help of the Azor apparatus

[1], [2], [3], [4], [5], [6], [7], [8]