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Pemphigus of the esophagus: causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment
Last reviewed: 23.04.2024
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The esophagus papyrus is one of the varieties of bullous diseases of the mucous membrane and skin, which is the most serious disease of all known malignant dermatoses.
The cause of the disease remains in principle unknown; none of the existing theories is fully proved.
Pathological anatomy. Localization in the esophagus of pathomorphological manifestations of this disease is quite rare and, as a rule, their source is the damage to the oral cavity and pharynx. With the progression of the disease, the affected areas can spread to the nasal cavity, the lips, the conjunctiva of the eyes, and in the most severe course of the disease - to the esophagus. The esophageal pustyrus is always combined with a skin lesion.
Dermal manifestations of pemphigus go through two phases: the first is manifested by rashes of blisters that swell quickly and rotate into pustules; the second phase is characterized by ulceration of the pustules, and ulcers are covered with brown crusts. The phase of the formation of blisters on the mucous membrane proceeds more rapidly, and in the place of the blisters ulcers covered with pseudomembranous plaque are formed. These lesions are localized mainly in the initial sections of the esophagus, in continuation of the lesions of the pharynx.
Symptoms and clinical course of pemphigus of the esophagus. Local symptoms of pemphigus of the esophagus are manifested in swallowing disorders, sensations of discomfort in the esophagus, sometimes unchanged pain and burning in the upper esophagus, difficulty in passing food through the esophagus. Common symptoms in pemphigus of the esophagus tend to dominate: depression or mental agitation, loss of appetite, rapid weight loss, diarrhea, vomiting, severe weakness. The disease progresses very quickly and within 3-18 months ends with death.
Diagnosis of pemphigus of the esophagus does not cause any difficulties, since this disease occurs in people suffering from a dermal form of pemphigus, the diagnosis of which has already been established by a dermatologist.
Treatment of pemphigus of the esophagus is non-specific, conducted in a dermatological hospital. Applied funds (Prospidia chloride), glucocorticoids (Betamethasol, Beloderm, Hydrocortisone, dexamethasone, Methylprednisolone, etc.). Conduct general and local antibiotic therapy.
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