Pain in the abdomen

Pain in the abdomen can be associated with diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, menstrual cycle, gynecological or urological pathologies, can also be caused by the formation of a hernia and inflammation of the appendix. Diagnosis of pain in the abdominal area depends on the symptoms present and the place of pain concentration.

[1], [2]

Abdominal pain at the top

[3], [4], [5], [6]

Gastritis

It is an inflammation of the gastric mucosa that leads to its dystrophic changes. The disease is aggravated when eating disorders are abused alcohol, smoking, stress. With inflammation of the gastric mucosa after eating, there is a feeling of bursting and heaviness, heartburn, nausea, an unpleasant aftertaste in the mouth. For treatment appoint special diets, drugs to reduce the level and neutralization of hydrochloric acid - gastrogel, fosfalugel, maaloks, as well as drugs that stimulate the motility of the gastrointestinal tract (domperidone).

Enteritis

This is a violation in the work of the intestine, arising from inflammation of the small intestine. Concomitant symptoms - diarrhea, vomiting or nausea, spasmodic pain, weakness, the temperature can also rise. At palpation, pain in the epigastric region is felt. In the treatment of enteritis, the patient is first washed with the stomach and prescribes means for cleansing the intestine. On the first day of treatment the patient should not take food, it is recommended to drink abundantly. If the disease occurs in severe form, glucose injections are prescribed. For oral use, prescribe drugs containing lactobacilli. For the prevention of enteritis, observe hygiene standards, eat well.

[7], [8], [9], [10], [11], [12], [13]

Gastroenteritis

Such a disease can develop with unusual for the body nutrition, as well as when consuming contaminated or stale products or water, can develop as a side effect when taking any medications. The main symptoms are pain in the center of the abdomen, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, bloating. With the development of gastroenteritis, one should not take food and drink water, it is necessary to see a doctor, especially if the symptoms persist for a day.

Enterocolitis

It is an inflammation of the small and large intestines. The disease can be provoked by intestinal infections, malnutrition, the use of acute and fatty foods, alcohol, long-term use of antibacterial drugs, can also develop as a result of the allergic reaction to food. The main signs of the disease are pain in the abdomen, bloating, diarrhea. Often the pain concentrates in the umbilical region, but may not have a clear localization. At treatment, a sparing diet is prescribed, plenty of drinking, vitamin-mineral complexes, phytotherapy.

[14], [15], [16], [17], [18], [19], [20]

Volvulus

The causes of such an ailment are increased pressure inside the abdominal cavity at physical exertion, increased peristalsis, which occurs when taking poorly digested food, constipation. The main symptoms of the disease - a piercing pain in the abdominal region, constipation, sometimes - vomiting, bloating, impaired pulse, decreased pressure. The symptomatology of the disease depends on how much the intestinal segment is twisted. For diagnosis, ultrasound and x-rays are prescribed. In the treatment, enemas are made. If this procedure is ineffective, an operation is performed.

Abdominal pain associated with overeating is usually combined with a feeling of heaviness in the area of the stomach. Eliminate the discomfortable sensations possible with the help of mineral waters, black and green tea, mint broth. You can also take mezim or motoricum. If the pain in the abdominal area after eating occurs repeatedly or does not go away within a day, consult a doctor.

Another cause that can cause pain in the abdominal region, may be excessive gassing. In addition to cramping pain, bloating and eructation appear. To remove the pain syndrome in such cases help antispasmodics, for example, no-shpa. The reception of such drugs as smect, lactovite, linex, hilak is also shown.

Pain in the abdomen below

Hernias

Sharp and piercing pain in the abdomen, significantly increasing when trying to strain the abdomen, may be a sign of inguinal hernia. Pain syndrome is combined with nausea, vomiting, and the presence of bloody masses in the stool. Treatment of hernia - operative.

Appendicitis

Pain in the abdomen may be a symptom of an inflammation of the appendix. With this pathology, the pain is first felt in the epigastric region, but can be felt throughout the abdomen, eventually sinking downward, a stable pain syndrome concentrates in the lower right part. With appendicitis, nausea, vomiting, and fever are noted. The pain becomes stronger when walking and any motor activity. When palpating the abdomen is painful and hard. If you put the patient on his back with knees bent at his feet and gently press his hand on the right lower abdomen, after which his arm is released, the pain will be much more intense. If the patient does not get help on time, the appendix wall may burst, which leads to a threat of bacteria entering the abdominal cavity and the risk of infection. The most accurate diagnosis of inflammation of the appendix can be done by ultrasound, blood tests and urine tests are also used to detect inflammatory processes. When the diagnosis is confirmed, the inflamed process is surgically removed.

[21], [22], [23], [24], [25]

Ectopic pregnancy

Pain in the abdomen is acute and piercing, can radiate into the rectum, cause severe dizziness until loss of consciousness. In addition to pain, there is vomiting, bleeding from the genitals. In such cases, urgent surgery is necessary. Similar symptoms are also noted when the cyst ruptures.

[26], [27]

Menstruation

The period of menstruation in many women is accompanied by pain in the abdomen along with lumbar and headaches. In this case, there may also be discomfort or pain in the mammary glands, a general state of weakness. Pain can also make itself felt a few days before the onset of menstruation. To normalize the condition, sedatives are indicated. To neutralize the pain, analgesics are used - imeth, analgin, dexalgin, etc.

Cystitis

Pain in the abdomen can be troubling for cystitis - inflammation of the bladder. The pain is accompanied by cuts, frequent urge to urinate, is localized from below the abdomen. In acute cystitis, it is necessary to eliminate hypothermia and sexual contact, show bed rest, diet, plenty of drinking (up to two liters a day), and taking vitamin and mineral preparations. With severe pain rectally or vaginally administered analgesic suppositories.

[28], [29], [30], [31], [32], [33], [34], [35], [36]

Adnexitis

Inflammation of the appendages of the uterus, or adnexitis, is characterized by the appearance of pulling pain in the lower abdomen. It can be accompanied by nausea, a temperature reaction, irradiation in the lower back. For treatment, antibacterial drugs are used strictly according to the doctor's prescription. The onset of the disease is associated with the penetration of the vaginal mucosa of infectious agents. To prevent adnexitis, hypothermia should be avoided, during contraception, contraception should be used. In men, pain can be associated with the development of prostatitis or other urological diseases.

Pain in the abdomen can be very different - from pressing and drawing to powerful and shrill. Since it can be caused not only by overeating, swelling or the onset of menstruation, but also by very serious pathologies, specialist consultation is necessary. If there is pain in the abdomen, depending on the attendant symptoms and the location of the pain, you may need to consult specialists such as gastroenterologist, gynecologist, urologist, therapist.

[37], [38], [39], [40]