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Osteoblastoma: causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment
Last reviewed: 23.04.2024
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Osteoblastoma (Synonyms - giant osteoid-osteoma, osteogenic fibroma) - benign bone-forming tumor, histologically identical to osteoid-osteome, but differing from it in large sizes. Clinical picture and data of radiation research methods.
Among all primary bone tumors, osteoblastoma is recorded in less than 1% of patients; in the group of benign bone tumors, it is about 3%. More than half of the patients have a tumor in the first two decades of life.
Clinically, the osteoblast is characterized by pain syndrome. Its intensity is less pronounced than with osteoid-osteome. However, over time, pain intensifies, hypotrophy of soft tissues of the affected limb, lameness appear. Restriction of the function of the adjacent joint. Most often, the tumor is localized in the metaphysis of long tubular bones, vertebrae, sacrum. The main differences of osteoblastoma from osteoid-osteoma in radiography and CT are the sizes of osteoblastoma exceed 1.5 cm in the absence of a zone of pronounced osteosclerosis along the periphery of the "enlightenment" area, while in scintigraphy - more pronounced local hyperemia (on average 170%) and hyperfixation of the radiopharmaceutical (on average 500 %). Differential diagnosis should be carried out with Langerganskill's histiocytosis and enchondrome.
Osteoblastoma surgical treatment is an edge resection of the pathological focus with bone plastic of the postresection defect.
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