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Enchondroma: causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment

Alexey Kryvenko, medical expert
Last reviewed: 07.07.2025

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Enchondroma (synonyms: chondroma, central chondroma) is a benign tumor of well-differentiated hyaline cartilage located in the central parts of the bone.

The tumor accounts for about 10% of all benign skeletal neoplasms. About 60% of patients are aged 15-40 years.

Enchondromas are characterized by a predominantly asymptomatic course. Patients rarely feel moderate pain in the area of the tumor. In some patients, it is diagnosed against the background of a pathological fracture. Most often, the tumor is located in the metadiaphysis and diaphysis of short and long tubular bones. Radiographs and CT reveal a centrally located focus of destruction in the corresponding section of the bone with preservation of the continuity of the cortical layer. Scintigraphy does not show local hyperemia, hyperfixation of the radiopharmaceutical is 165%. Differential diagnostics are carried out with a solitary bone cyst and osteoblastoma.

Treatment of enchondroma is surgical - resection of the tumor within the unchanged bone tissue.

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