Nose injury

Contusion of the nose refers to the injuries of the face and is quite serious damage, regardless of the severity of the impact. As a rule, nose contusion is accompanied not only by swelling, but also by bleeding, since in the anterior part of the nasal cavity there is a specific zone of accumulation of many vessels - the Kisselbach field, and the back of the cavity contains even larger capillaries and vessels.

Nose injury is usually closed, often it leads to damage to the nasal cartilage, that is, to a fracture. If the damage is applied to the side, the bones of the nose and the frontal parts of the upper jaw are injured.

The nose looks flattened, as the cartilage back sinks inwards. Injured nasal septum entails damage to the internal mucous membranes and hematoma.

[1], [2], [3]

What is dangerous nasal contusion?

Symptoms of a nose injury in principle do not need a separate description, since they are characterized by such obvious pain, bleeding and edema that they can hardly be confused with other symptoms. However, to differentiate the nose injury and more serious nose injuries, for example, a fracture of the cartilage, still follows, as the damage to the cartilaginous bone is fraught with the development of subcutaneous emphysema and even the cessation of breathing. In addition, under an injured periosteum, an extensive hematoma often develops, if there is an infection in the nasal cavity (which is often enough), the hemorrhage develops into an abscess, an abscess. As a consequence - high fever, severe headaches, difficulty breathing. Visually, the nose looks not just edematous, but as if surrounded by lymph. If you press on the tip of the nose, there is a lot of pain, down to shock.

How to determine the bruise of the nose and distinguish it from a fracture?

Nose injury: symptoms:

• Severe pain in the area of trauma;
• Rapidly developing edema along the edges of the nose;
• Breathing is difficult, but not critical;
• Painful sensations when touching the nose are not intense;

There may be bleeding, which stops quickly enough with the help of cold compresses, vasoconstricting drops.

A simple nose injury is usually not accompanied by complications and takes place within 10-14 days. Treatment is cold procedures during the first day, the use of nasal antiseptic and vasoconstrictor (naphthyzine, rinazoline), then perhaps gentle heating to accelerate the resolution of edema.

Fracture of the nose, as a rule, is impossible without heavy bleeding, as the posterior zones of the nasal cavity, containing large blood vessels, are damaged.

Symptoms of a fracture of the nose:

• Severe pain, sensitivity with tactile contact with the nose;
• Strong swelling, sometimes spreading all over the face or in the eye area;
• Cyanotic shade and nose, and the skin around it;
• Characteristic bruising in the lower eyelid;
• Visually, the nose looks deformed;
• Abundant bleeding, which is difficult to stop;
• When the palpation of the septum, a crunch is felt;
• Severe impairment of respiratory function.

Fracture of the nose is confirmed with the help of medical examination, careful palpation, rhinoscopy and X-ray.

Fracture is a more serious injury than a nose injury, but complications with it are quite rare. These include the attachment of a bacterial infection in the case of internal hematoma, an internal abscess. Treatment consists in the use of anesthetic drugs to reduce pain, possibly the imposition of special tires. If the septum of the nose is displaced, after reducing the puffiness, it is corrected with a nasal tire and internal tampons.

First aid with a nose injury

• Throw your head, even if there is no bleeding to reduce the rate of edema development;
• In case of bleeding, you need to breathe with your mouth, so that blood does not enter the nasopharynx;
• Bleeding can be stopped by applying a cold compress on the back of the head, the same compress should be placed on the base of the nose;
• After stopping the bleeding, it is possible to instill the nasal cavity with antiseptic vasoconstrictive drops.

A simple nose injury quickly passes, all nasal functions are restored, since the nasal cavity is well supplied with blood due to the developed internal circulatory system.

Nose injury can be dangerous if it is accompanied by dizziness, severe bleeding, which does not stop for an hour. Also, a characteristic symptom is characteristic bruising in the eye area, reminiscent of symmetrical glasses (this may indicate more serious trauma and concussion). Such a nose injury belongs to the category of craniocerebral trauma.

In case of any anxiety signs, especially if the child is injured, the doctor should be consulted immediately to avoid possible risks and complications.

[4], [5]