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Cervical myoma: symptoms, treatment
Last reviewed: 07.07.2025
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Cervical myoma is a benign tumor of the cervix. Cervical myoma is a rare pathology that is often combined with uterine myoma (fibroid tumors). Large cervical myomas can partially compress the urinary tract or prolapse into the vagina. Prolapsed myomas sometimes have ulcers, become infected, and bleed.
[ Symptoms of Cervical Myoma
In most cases, cervical fibroids are asymptomatic. The main symptom is bleeding, which may be irregular and heavy. Infection may develop. Rarely, prolapsed cervical fibroids cause symptoms related to urinary outflow obstruction (eg, incontinence, increased frequency of urination, or retention of urine) or urinary tract infection. Cervical fibroids, especially if they prolapse into the vagina, are easily visible on speculum examination. Some fibroids are easily palpated on bimanual examination.
Diagnosis of cervical fibroids
The diagnosis is established based on the examination. Transvaginal ultrasonography is performed only in case of doubtful diagnosis to exclude the obstruction of urine outflow and to identify additional fibroids. It is necessary to perform a clinical blood test to exclude anemia. To exclude cervical cancer, it is necessary to take a smear for atypical cells from the cervical canal.
Treatment of cervical fibroids
Treatment for cervical myoma is the same as for fibroid tumors. Small, asymptomatic cervical myomas are not treated. Most symptomatic cervical myomas are removed by myomectomy (to preserve reproductive function) or hysterectomy. In case of prolapse and infection of cervical myomas, tumors can be removed through the vagina.