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Mycoplasmosis (mycoplasma infection) - Treatment
Last reviewed: 04.07.2025
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Non-drug treatment of mycoplasmosis (mycoplasma infection)
During the acute period of the disease, a semi-bed rest regime is required; no special diet is required.
Drug treatment of mycoplasmosis (mycoplasma infection)
ARI caused by M. pneumoniae does not require etiotropic therapy.
The drugs of choice for outpatients with suspected primary atypical pneumonia (M. pneumoniae, C. pneumoniae) are macrolides. Preference is given to macrolides with improved pharmacokinetic properties (clarithromycin, roxithromycin, azithromycin, spiramycin).
Alternative drugs - respiratory fluoroquinolones (levofloxacin, moxifloxacin); doxycycline may be used.
The duration of therapy is 14 days. The drugs are taken orally.
Doses of drugs:
- azithromycin 0.25 g once a day (0.5 g on the first day);
- clarithromycin 0.5 g twice daily;
- roxithromycin 0.15 g twice daily;
- spiramycin 3 million IU twice daily;
- erythromycin 0.5 g four times a day;
- levofloxacin 0.5 g once daily;
- moxifloxacin 0.4 g once daily;
- doxycycline 0.1 g 1-2 times a day (0.2 g on the first day).
In patients hospitalized for various reasons with a mild course of the disease, the treatment regimen usually does not differ.
Severe M. pneumoniae pneumonia is relatively rare. The clinical assumption of an "atypical" etiology of the process is risky and unlikely. The choice of antimicrobial therapy is based on the principles generally accepted for severe pneumonia.
Pathogenetic therapy of acute respiratory disease and pneumonia caused by M. pneumoniae is carried out according to the principles of pathogenetic therapy of acute respiratory infections and pneumonia of other etiologies.
During the recovery period, physiotherapy and exercise therapy (breathing exercises) are indicated.
Convalescents from pneumonia caused by M. pneumoniae may require spa treatment due to the tendency of the disease to have a protracted course and often prolonged asthenovegetative syndrome.
The prognosis is favorable in most cases. Lethal outcome is rare. The outcome of M. pneumoniae pneumonia into diffuse interstitial pulmonary fibrosis has been described.
The approximate period of disability is determined by the severity of respiratory mycoplasmosis and the presence of complications.
There is no regulation for follow-up observation of those who have recovered from the disease.
Patient information sheet
- In the acute period of the disease, semi-bed rest; during the period of convalescence, gradual increase in activity.
- The diet in the acute period usually corresponds to table No. 13 according to Pevzner, with a gradual transition to a normal diet during the convalescence period.
- During the recovery period, it is necessary to follow the recommendations of the attending physician and regularly undergo the prescribed examination.
- During the recovery period, long-term manifestations of asthenovegetative syndrome are possible, in connection with which it is necessary to adhere to a work and rest regimen and temporarily limit habitual loads.
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