Mycoplasmosis (mycoplasma infection): treatment
Last reviewed: 23.04.2024
All iLive content is medically reviewed or fact checked to ensure as much factual accuracy as possible.
We have strict sourcing guidelines and only link to reputable media sites, academic research institutions and, whenever possible, medically peer reviewed studies. Note that the numbers in parentheses ([1], [2], etc.) are clickable links to these studies.
If you feel that any of our content is inaccurate, out-of-date, or otherwise questionable, please select it and press Ctrl + Enter.
Non-drug treatment of mycoplasmosis (mycoplasmal infection)
In the acute period of the disease, the regime is semi-fast, no special diet is required.
Medicamentous treatment of mycoplasmosis (mycoplasmal infection)
ARI caused by M. Pneumoniae does not require etiotropic therapy.
Drugs of choice in outpatients with suspected primary atypical pneumonia (M. Pneumoniae, S. Pneumoniae) are macrolides. Preference is given to macrolides with improved pharmacokinetic properties (clarithromycin, roxithromycin, azithromycin, spiramycin).
Alternative drugs are respiratory fluoroquinolones (levofloxacin, moxifloxacin); possibly the use of doxycycline.
The duration of therapy is 14 days. Preparations are taken orally.
Doses of drugs:
- azithromycin 0.25 g once daily (0.5 g on the first day);
- clarithromycin 0.5 g twice daily;
- roxithromycin 0.15 g twice daily;
- spiramycin 3 million ME twice daily;
- erythromycin 0.5 g four times a day;
- levofloxacin 0.5 g once daily;
- moxifloxacin 0.4 g once daily;
- doxycycline 0.1 g 1-2 times a day (on the first day 0.2 g).
In patients hospitalized for various reasons with a mild course of the disease, the therapy scheme usually does not differ.
Severe course of M. Pneumoniae-pneumonia is relatively rare. The clinical assumption of an "atypical" etiology of the process is risky and unlikely. The choice of antimicrobial therapy is carried out according to the principles generally accepted for severe pneumonia.
Pathogenetic therapy of acute respiratory disease and pneumonia caused by M. Pneumoniae is carried out according to the principles of pathogenetic therapy of acute respiratory infections and pneumonia of other etiology.
During the reconvalescence, physiotherapy and exercise therapy (respiratory gymnastics) are shown.
The convalescent pneumonia caused by M. Pneumoniae may need sanatorium treatment in connection with the propensity of the disease to protracted course and often prolonged asthenovegetative syndrome.
The forecast is favorable in most cases. Lethal outcome is rare. The outcome of M. pneumoniae pneumonia is described in diffuse interstitial fibrosis of the lungs.
Approximate terms of incapacity for work are determined by the severity of respiratory mycoplasmosis and the presence of complications.
Clinical follow-up for the ill was not regulated.
Memo for the patient
- In the acute period of the disease, the semi-postpone mode, in the period of reconvalescence, the gradual expansion of activity.
- Diet in the acute period usually corresponds to table number 13 on Pevzner with a gradual transition in the period of convalescence to the usual diet.
- In the period of convalescence, it is necessary to follow the recommendations of the attending physician, regularly undergo an appointed examination.
- In the period of convalescence, long-lasting manifestations of asthenovegetative syndrome are possible, in connection with which it is necessary to observe the mode of work and rest, temporarily limit the usual loads.
[