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Mastoiditis - Diagnosis
Last reviewed: 04.07.2025
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Based on characteristic general and local otoscopic signs, palpation and percussion data of the mastoid process, radiography of the temporal bones in the Schuller projection; in doubtful cases, if differential diagnostics with damage to the mastoid process of another etiology is necessary, CT or MRI is performed. Changes in the hemogram, the results of a bacteriological study of discharge from the ear and from the cavity of the subperiosteal abscess for microflora and sensitivity to antibiotics are of certain importance in diagnostics.
The anamnesis reveals previous ear diseases, treatment, frequency of exacerbation of otitis in its recurrent or chronic course, circumstances and causes of the development of this disease, the degree of severity of the general condition disorder, temperature reaction, the volume of previously provided emergency medical care.
Physical examination
Palpation, percussion of the mastoid process, radiography of the temporal bones in the Schüller projection; if necessary, differential diagnostics with mastoiditis of another etiology - CT or MRI.
Laboratory research
Clinical blood test, smear of pus from the ear canal and from the cavity of the mastoid process for microflora and sensitivity to antibiotics.
Instrumental research
Otoscopy, diagnostic paracentesis of the eardrum in mastoiditis that developed against the background of acute otitis media.
Differential diagnostics
It is performed with external otitis, furuncle of the auditory canal, purulent parotid lymphadenitis, suppuration of congenital parotid cysts and fistulas; with apical mastoiditis - with other sources of formation of phlegmon of the neck, with tuberculous abscesses.
Indications for consultation with other specialists
In the event of development of otogenic intracranial complications, consultation with a neurologist, neurosurgeon, ophthalmologist (to clarify the condition of the fundus), toxicologist or resuscitator is indicated to clarify the nature and scope of detoxification therapy.
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