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Mallory-Weiss Syndrome
Last reviewed: 23.04.2024
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The Mallory-Weiss syndrome is a nondeniring rupture of the mucosa of the distal esophagus and proximal stomach caused by vomiting, vomiting, or hiccups.
The Mallory-Weiss syndrome, originally described in alcoholics, can develop in any patient with severe vomiting. Vomiting is the cause (approximately 5% of cases) of bleeding from the upper gastrointestinal tract.
Most cases of bleeding stop spontaneously; severe bleeding occurs in approximately 10% of patients requiring significant interventions, such as blood transfusion or endoscopic hemostasis (injections of ethanol, polydocanol, epinephrine, or electrocautery). To stop bleeding, intra-arterial administration of pitresis or therapeutic embolization via the left gastric artery can also be used for angiography. The need for surgical treatment is rare.
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