Medical expert of the article
New publications
Hypochondria: causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment
Last reviewed: 07.07.2025
All iLive content is medically reviewed or fact checked to ensure as much factual accuracy as possible.
We have strict sourcing guidelines and only link to reputable media sites, academic research institutions and, whenever possible, medically peer reviewed studies. Note that the numbers in parentheses ([1], [2], etc.) are clickable links to these studies.
If you feel that any of our content is inaccurate, out-of-date, or otherwise questionable, please select it and press Ctrl + Enter.
Hypochondriasis is a fear of serious illness based on a misinterpretation of physical symptoms or normal bodily functions. Hypochondriasis is not intentional; the exact cause is unknown. The diagnosis is made when the fear and symptoms persist for 6 months or more despite reassurances after a thorough medical examination. Treatment involves establishing a strong supportive relationship between the doctor and the patient; psychotherapy and drug therapy may be helpful.
Hypochondriasis usually begins in early adulthood and occurs with approximately equal frequency in men and women.
[ Symptoms of hypochondria
Many fears arise from misinterpretations of non-pathological physical symptoms or normal bodily functioning (e.g., abdominal rumbling, discomfort due to bloating and cramping, heart concerns, sweating). The location, quality, and duration of symptoms are often described in minute detail, but these symptoms are usually not associated with pathological physical findings. Symptoms interfere with social or occupational functioning or cause significant distress.
This diagnosis can be suspected based on anamnestic information and is confirmed if symptoms persist for 6 months or more after examination and assurances from the doctor that the concerns are groundless. The symptoms cannot be explained by depression or another mental disorder.
Prognosis and treatment of hypochondria
The course is usually chronic - fluctuating in some, constant in others; some patients recover. Treatment is usually difficult because patients feel that a serious mistake has been made and that the doctor has failed to find the real cause of their suffering. A trusting relationship with a caring, reassuring doctor may help to improve the condition. If symptoms are not adequately controlled, it is probably better to refer the patient to a psychiatrist rather than continue treatment under the supervision of a general practitioner. Treatment with SSRIs may be effective, as may cognitive behavioural therapy.