Hydatidous echinococcosis: treatment and prevention

Mode and diet are determined by the nature of complications.

Chemotherapy treatment of hydatidosis of echinococcosis is carried out in cases of rupture of cysts, when there is a risk of seeding when the integrity of the cyst is compromised during surgery, and also in cases of multiple small cysts (not more than 3-5 cm) of the liver, lungs and other organs, in which surgical intervention is technically complicated. Anti-relapse treatment of hydatidosis echinococcosis is recommended after surgery, when it is impossible to exclude another localization of a small parasite.

Antiparasitic treatment of hydatidosis echinococcosis is performed with albendazole inside after meals at 10 mg / kg (not more than 800 mg per day) in two doses, a course of 28 days, intervals between courses of at least 2 weeks. Duration of treatment of clinically expressed forms of invasion (presence of cysts) 12-18 months. Treatment of hydatidosis echinococcosis is carried out at normal laboratory parameters (clinical and biochemical blood tests), during the treatment every 5-7 days a blood test is performed. The use of high doses of albendazole for a long time in itself causes the development of complications due to the toxic effect of the drug: they mark leukopenia, agranulocytosis, alopecia, fever, toxic hepatitis. One of the important indicators, indicating the undesirable effect of albendazole and the threat of serious complications, is an increase in the activity of aminotransferases. With a decrease in the number of white blood cells below 3.0 × ^{10 9} / l and an increase in the activity of aminotransferases 5-6 times, treatment should be suspended until normalization or significant improvement in the indices. With progressive leukopenia and hyperfermentemia, it is necessary to cancel the drug. In the process of chemotherapy in connection with the inhibition of vital activity or the death of a parasite, suppuration and spontaneous ruptures of the cysts are possible. In these cases, antibiotic therapy is carried out, according to indications - surgical treatment.

Treatment of hydatidosis echinococcosis is assessed by instrumental monitoring and monitoring of the dynamics of the titer of specific antibodies.

The main treatment of hydatidosis echinococcosis is surgical methods. It is important to carefully weigh the benefits and risks, as well as indications and contraindications to the choice of treatment approaches: surgical removal of cysts, antiparasitic medication therapy or a combination thereof. At large, superficially located (the risk of rupture), infected cysts or cysts, connected with the system of bile ducts, surgical intervention is urgent or urgently postponed, it is performed after complex preoperative preparation. Indication for the surgical treatment of hydatidosis echinococcosis is also considered the effect of a volumetric process on vital organs, such as lung cysts. Brain, kidneys, bones and other organs. With multiple lesions, surgical treatment is carried out in stages.

Contraindications - hard-to-reach, dying, de-isolated or multiple small cysts. Consider general surgical, anesthesia and therapeutic contraindications. Indications for surgery v small children and people with multiple cysts should be very reasonable. Obturation jaundice with liver echinococcosis is resolved only by operative means.

Forecast

After a radical removal of echinococcal cysts, the prognosis is favorable; if surgical treatment of hydatidosis echinococcosis is not possible - unfavorable.

[1], [2], [3], [4], [5], [6], [7], [8], [9],

Clinical examination

After surgical treatment of hydatidosis echinococcosis 1-2 times a year, a clinical examination, a biochemical blood test, serological reactions and instrumental examination (ultrasound, CT, MRI) are performed. Reconvalvesentov withdrawn taking into account no earlier than 5 years in the absence of signs of recurrence and persistent negative results of serological reactions.

[10], [11], [12], [13], [14],

Prevention of hydatidosis echinococcosis

Echinococcosis hydatidosis can be prevented by combining personal hygiene. Special caution is needed when keeping dogs in the house and caring for animals. Conducting scheduled dehelminthization of dogs. In places, unsuccessful for echinococcosis. Planned check-up of risk groups is necessary.