How is hives treated in children?
Last reviewed: 15.11.2023
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Treatment of urticaria consists in the removal of contact with the allergen after detection by collecting allergological anamnesis, carrying out skin scarification and other diagnostic tests.
Assign a hypoallergenic diet with the exception of histaminolyerators. In acute period with urticaria associated with the use of the allergen inside, appoint enterosorbents (activated charcoal, smect); Cleansing enema, plentiful drink. The first line drugs for acute urticaria are antihistamines. In acute urticaria, the appointment of antihistamine preparations of the first generation (acting faster than preparations of the second generation) in combination with adrenoreceptor agonists-2% suprastin solution, 1% diphenhydramine (dimedrol) solution 0.03-0.05 ml / kg intramuscularly, clemastine ( Tavegil) 0.1 ml per year of life. It is possible to use antihistamines of a new generation (cetirizine 5-10 mg, acryvastatin 4-8 mg, loratadine 5-10 mg, fexofenadine 60-120-180 mg, ebastin 10-20 mg, levocetirizine 5 mg, desloratadine 5 mg) orally. With a chronic course of urticaria - a long-term use of antihistamines II generation. With persistent urticaria, hydroxyzine is prescribed (especially shown with cholinergic urticaria), H2-histamine receptor blockers (cimetidine, ranitidine). With edema of the larynx of II, III degree, large doses of prednisolone are prescribed - 3-4 mg / kg ("tracheostomy without a knife"), tracheostomy according to indications.
The drugs of the second line in the treatment of urticaria include glucocorticosteroids - prednisolone 2 mg / kg (intramuscular or intravenous) or dexamethasone 4-8 mg intramuscularly, intravenously, which is prescribed in generalized urticaria. Toxic-allergic state. In severe acute urticaria they use a short course of 5-7 days.
Forecast. In most cases, favorable. Swelling of the larynx can lead to asphyxiation.
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