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Gastrin 17 in serum
Last reviewed: 23.04.2024
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The reference values (norm) of concentration of gastrin 17 in the blood serum in adults are less than 2.5 pmol / l.
Gastrin 17 (G-17) is almost exclusively produced by antrum G cells of the gastric mucosa, consists of 17 amino acids and is a mature hormone. The release of gastrin 17 is enhanced under the influence of the vagus nerve, and also due to mechanical and chemical stimulation of the antral part of the stomach. Chemical stimulators of gastrin secretion 17 - products of protein digestion (peptides and amino acids, extractives of meat and vegetables). If the pH in the pyloric part of the stomach decreases (with increased secretion of hydrochloric acid), the release of gastrin 17 decreases, and at pH 1 it completely stops.
Considering the fact that gastrin 17 is synthesized practically only in the cells of the antral part of the gastric mucosa, the determination of its concentration in the blood serum can be used to assess its state. Due to the fact that normally the concentration of gastrin 17 in the blood serum is very low, it is necessary to conduct a study against the background of the stimulating test. After a 10-hour night's fasting, the patient receives standard solid and liquid food. Blood samples for testing are taken on an empty stomach before eating and after 20 minutes. Normally, the concentration of gastrin 17 in the serum 20 minutes after stimulation should be more than 2 times higher than the original. At an atrophy of the mucous membrane of the antral part of the stomach, the rise in the level of gastrin 17 is less pronounced or absent. There is a correlation between the rise in the concentration of gastrin 17 in the blood in response to stimulation and the degree of atrophy of the mucous membrane of the antral part of the stomach. Thus, the stimulating test allows to determine the presence and severity of atrophy.
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