Gardnerella urethritis

The dysbiosis of the vaginal microflora in women often leads to the development of bacterial vaginosis.

The share of bacterial vaginosis accounts, according to different authors, from 30 to 50% of all vaginal infections.

[1], [2], [3], [4], [5],

Causes of the gardnerellosis urethritis

Gardnerellaic urethritis is considered the result of infection of the vagina with gardnerella - an immobile anaerobic gram-negative rod. In this case, there is elimination of lactobacilli, accompanied by colonization of the vagina with strict anaerobes and gardnerella.

Infection caused by gardnerella, contagious. The causative agent is transmitted sexually. Women with bacterial vaginosis, as well as their sexual partners, often develop an urethral defect caused by Gardnerella vaginalis.

[6], [7]

Symptoms of the gardnerellosis urethritis

Gardnerellosis urethritis occupies a certain place among diseases that arise during sexual intercourse. The incubation period is an average of 7-10 days, but can reach 3-5 weeks. At the same time, men usually notice mixed infection with chlamydia, ureaplasmas, gonococci, protozoan Trichomonas), fungi and anaerobic microorganisms. Gardnerellaic urethritis has no characteristic features. The main symptoms of gardnerellosis urethritis: discharge from the urethra, itching. Burning. Allocation is meager, gray, watery, with an unpleasant "fishy" smell.

[8], [9], [10], [11], [12], [13]

Diagnostics of the gardnerellosis urethritis

Diagnosis is based on the study of native preparations, preparations stained according to Gram, cultivation on nutrient media; carry out DNA-diagnostics. In native preparations, flat epithelial cells are found, to the surface of which the Gardnerella are attached, giving them a characteristic "pinned" appearance. This is the pathognomonic sign of gardnerella. In the stained smears, the following cytological picture is visible:

• separate, scattered on the field of view leukocytes;
• a significant number of small, often Gram-negative rods, located on epithelial cells.

[14], [15], [16], [17]

Treatment of the gardnerellosis urethritis

Treatment gardnerellosis urethritis includes drugs that have an antianaerobic spectrum of action:

• metronidazole (the drug of choice) 2 g orally once, or 500 mg orally 2 times a day for 7 days, or 250 mg orally 3 times a day for 7 days;
• clindamycin (alternative therapy) 300 mg orally 2 times a day for 7 days.

Women suffering from gardnerellosis urethritis also use metronidazole in the form of 0.75% vaginal gel 5 g 1-2 times a day for 7 days.

Possible use of drugs tetracycline and macrolides in normal doses.

To achieve therapeutic effect, it is necessary to treat both spouses or both sexual partners.

In 10-15% of cases, bacterial vaginosis is combined with candidiasis vaginosis, then parallel administration of antimycotics is necessary.