Gardnerellosis urethritis

Dysbiosis of the vaginal microflora in women often leads to the development of bacterial vaginosis.

According to various authors, bacterial vaginosis accounts for 30 to 50% of all vaginal infections.

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Causes gardnerella urethritis

Gardnerella urethritis is considered to be the result of vaginal infection with gardnerella, a non-motile anaerobic gram-negative rod. In this case, lactobacilli are eliminated, accompanied by colonization of the vagina with strict anaerobes and gardnerella.

Gardnerella infection is contagious. The pathogen is transmitted sexually. Women with bacterial vaginosis and their sexual partners often develop urethral lesions caused by Gardnerella vaginalis.

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Symptoms gardnerella urethritis

Gardnerella urethritis occupies a certain place among diseases that occur during sexual intercourse. The incubation period is on average 7-10 days, but can reach 3-5 weeks. In this case, men usually have mixed infection with chlamydia, ureaplasma, gonococci, protozoa (Trichomonas), fungi and anaerobic microorganisms. Gardnerella urethritis has no characteristic signs. The main symptoms of gardnerella urethritis: discharge from the urethra, itching. burning. The discharge is scanty, gray, watery, with an unpleasant "fishy" odor.

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Diagnostics gardnerella urethritis

Diagnostics is based on the study of native preparations, preparations stained by Gram, cultivation on nutrient media; DNA diagnostics are performed. Flat epithelial cells are found in native preparations, to the surface of which gardnerella are attached, giving them a characteristic "peppered" appearance. This is a pathognomonic sign of gardnerellosis. The following cytological picture is visible in stained smears:

• individual leukocytes scattered across the field of vision;
• a significant number of small, usually gram-negative rods located on epithelial cells.

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Treatment gardnerella urethritis

Treatment of gardnerella urethritis includes drugs with an anti-anaerobic spectrum of action:

• metronidazole (drug of choice) 2 g orally once, or 500 mg orally 2 times a day for 7 days, or 250 mg orally 3 times a day for 7 days;
• clindamycin (alternative therapy) 300 mg orally 2 times a day for 7 days.

In women suffering from gardnerella urethritis, metronidazole is also used in the form of a 0.75% vaginal gel, 5 g 1-2 times a day for 7 days.

It is possible to use tetracycline and macrolide drugs in normal doses.

To achieve a therapeutic effect, it is necessary to treat both spouses or both sexual partners.

In 10-15% of cases, bacterial vaginosis is combined with candidal vaginosis, in which case parallel administration of antimycotics is necessary.