Bladder diverticulum

A diverticulum of the urinary bladder is a sac-like protrusion of the wall outward, communicating with the main cavity.

This type of anomaly is formed in cases where the bladder segment remains unobliterated. As a rule, a bladder diverticulum is asymptomatic and is an accidental finding during ultrasound or X-ray examination (cystography). Sometimes patients experience periodic leukocyturia. Large formations are found in patients with prune-belly syndrome and in 10% of cases are combined with a valve of the posterior urethra.

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Forms

A bladder diverticulum may be single or multiple, true congenital or false (acquired). A true formation is characterized by the presence of all layers of the wall, while a false formation is characterized by a protrusion of the mucous membrane between the muscle bundles of the detrusor, most often caused by IVO.

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Diagnostics bladder diverticulum

A bladder diverticulum is diagnosed (in the absence of infection) in most cases by chance during cystoscopy or cystography. Stones are sometimes found in the cavity of the formation. If the disease is present, urine stagnation occurs, and cystitis develops. Due to congenital abnormalities in the morphological structure of the wall of the formation, treatment of cystitis is extremely difficult.

In most cases, the bladder diverticulum is located on the posterolateral wall and in the area of the ureteral orifices, much less often - in the area of the apex and bottom. It has different sizes, sometimes reaching the size of the organ itself. During cystoscopy, a connection is found between them, in some cases, a cystoscope can be inserted through the latter without obstacles. In some cases, one of the ureteral orifices opens into the cavity of the formation.

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Treatment bladder diverticulum

The disease can only be treated surgically - complete excision: if the ureteral orifice is localized in the cavity of the formation, ureterodostoanastomosis is indicated.

If an acquired diverticulum of the bladder is diagnosed, the cause that caused the obstruction of urine passage in the infravesical region is eliminated.