Dislocation of the finger of the hand: causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment

ICD-10 code

• 563.1. Dislocate the finger of the brush.
• S63.2. Multiple dislocations of the fingers.

Epidemiology of finger dislocation

Dislocations in the metacarpophalangeal and interphalangeal joints are rare. The exception is the metacarpophalangeal articulation of the first finger. Therefore, further we will talk about the dislocation of the first finger of the brush.

[1], [2]

What causes a dislocation of the finger of the hand?

The cause of the injury is an indirect mechanism: violence on the finger from the palm side, leading to overdoing and shifting backwards (falling, hitting the ball, etc.).

Symptoms of a finger dislocation

Pain and dysfunction of the joint are the main symptoms of the dislocation of the finger. The brush has a characteristic appearance.

Anamnesis

In the history - indication of a trauma with the appropriate mechanism.

Examination and physical examination

The end phalanx of the first finger is bent, the main one is almost at right angles to the metacarpal bone. The head of the latter stands under the skin of the palmar surface. Movement in the metacarpophalangeal articulation is not possible. Mark a positive symptom of springing resistance.

Classification of finger dislocation

Very rarely there is a dislocation of the first finger anteriorly, a typical form should be considered dislocated posteriorly (posteriorly and upward).

[3], [4], [5]

Diagnosis of a finger dislocation

The radiograph confirms the diagnosis.

[6],

Treatment of finger dislocation

Conservative treatment of finger dislocation

General or local anesthesia. On the end phalanx of the first finger, put on a loop of twisted bandage, for the ends of the loop the surgeon makes traction along the length of the finger and increases the re-opening of the main phalanx to an acute angle. With the thumb of the second hand, the doctor moves the proximal part of the main phalanx so that it slides along the metacarpal bone, and as soon as the edges of the articular surfaces come into contact, the finger is bent. There is a repositioning.

It is necessary to control the restoration of movements. Apply gypsum lingetu from the upper third of the forearm to the end of the 1st finger, the remaining fingers are free, beginning with the heads of metacarpal bones. Mandatory control radiography.

The period of immobilization is 3 weeks. Then they are prescribed restorative treatment: exercise therapy, ozokerite, warm baths with exercise therapy, etc.

Surgical treatment of finger dislocation

In some cases, the first finger can not be closed in a closed way. There is an interpolation of the flexor tendon, sesamoid bones or scraps of the capsule between the articulating surfaces. If several correctly performed attempts did not lead to correction, surgical treatment is indicated.

Estimated period of incapacity for work

The disability after conservative treatment is restored through 4-bled.

[7], [8]